Development Planning & Five Years Plans of Bangladesh

1. Presentation
On
Development Planning & Five Years Plans of Bangladesh
Presented By-
Anas Al Masud
Roll- 2216311004
MSS in Public Administration.
Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP).
Presented Before:
M. Ashaduzzaman Nour
Assistant Professor
Dept. of Public Administration
Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP).

2. Bangladesh A Journey of Growth And Development..
Topics to be discussed:
• Development Planning (meanings, types)
• Scope of Development Planning
• Importance of Development Planning
• Development Planning Under different Social Systems
• 5-year Plan.
*Source of Study Materials are cited at notes

3. What is Planning ?
In planning, we try to respond the 3 basic questions:
1. Where are we now? – The present socio-economic status of the country.(it requires to
analyze the country’s social and economic situation based on reliable data and information.)
2. Where do we want to go? What do we want to achieve ? (The medium-term
goals/objectives, a clear goal and objectives of the government needs to be spelled out , based
on the long-term vision of the country.)
3. How can we get there? The strategy to achieve including policies and programs. (It requires
analysis of the options available to achieve the objectives and choosing the most appropriate
and efficient option. Moreover, it also requires to identify the policies and programs that best
suits to carry out the strategy.)

4. According to Akin mabogunje
Development as Modernization- emphasizes
process of social change which is. required to
produce economic advancement; examines
changes in social, psychological; planning for
such dedicates the term of “Development
Planning”.
*intext cited at notes below
Development means making a better life for everyone.
Planning can be defined as a continuous process which
involves decisions or actions about alternative ways of
using available resources with the aim of achieving goals
at some time in the future.

5. So, it can be said that development planning is about decisions and chosen actions for mobilizing and using
available resources for attaining desirable goals.
 In most countries of third world development planning is a
post war phenomenon the main objective of development
planning is to overcome the situation of underdevelopment
through a planned economy.
 Although some very preliminary attempts at planning were
made in some countries before the Second World War
usually under the auspices of the colonial power however
planning has now become an accepted fact of the economic
life in most contemporary developing nations.
1. Development plan is an
intelligent way of using political
process for using and allocating
space resources human and
materials so that the development
happens.
2. Waterson Defines,
Accelerated economic growth and structural changes are the
implied aims of developing planning.
*intext cited at notes below

6. Development planning,
is a deliberate effort of the government to influence
in the major socio-economic variables like GDP,
consumption, savings, investment, prices and
employment etc. of a country for a specific period to
achieve its desired objectives.
Development planning-
is the systematic management of resources for
the purpose of achieving definite targets or
objectives(answer to 3 questions) within
specific period.
Todaro defines,
The conscious effort of a central organization
to influence, direct and in some cases even
control changes in the principal economic
variables (such as GDP, consumption,
investment, savings, etc.) is Development
planning.
*intext cited at notes below
Development Planning is the Instrument to Define A Country’s Future Direction or Destination.

7. Considering the TIME DURATION, it is of 3 types.
• Perspective or long-term plan (15 to 20 years period)
• Medium term plan (3 to 7 years period)
• Annual Plan (1 year period).
Development Plan
Types

8. Development Plan
Types
According to the Focus; Development Plans can be classified into several types.
Here are a few examples,
 Long-term Plan
This is technically known as perspective plan. This plan takes a long-range view
of-the economy and can cover a period of 10-20 years.
 Medium Term Plan
This ranges from annual plans to plans extending to two or three years.
 Regional plan
This is the type of plan that focuses on the specific regions of a country.
*source cited at notes below

9. Development Plan
Types
 Sectoral Plan
This focuses on the relationship and needs of different sectors of the economy.
 National Plan
This covers all geo-political units in a country.
 Indicative Planning
This is the type of plan which relies to some extent on market forces to allocate
resources. The government only provides rules, ceilings, rates, guidelines and
penalties for non-compliance.
 Comprehensive Planning
This touches all aspects of the economy, small and big enterprises, domestic
and foreign trade, prices and output decisions of firms, wages, production
target and inter-relationship between sectors.
*Source cited at notes below

10. Development Plan of Bangladesh
Development activities of Bangladesh
have gained tremendous momentum
in the last decade. The country now
aspires to reach the upper middle-
income status by 2031 and developed
country status by 2041.
Development Plans
Seventh Five-Year Plan (SFYP) Vision 2021
Sustainable Development
Goals
(SDGs)
Perspective Plan (2010-2021)
Bangladesh Delta Plan 2100.
ADP
Annual Development Plan

11. Importance
of
Development Planning
• It enables the government to come up with a shared vision of where the country
should be in the future and a concerted program of action to achieve this vision.
• It ensures that government resources and investments are channeled to programs,
projects, and activities that best achieve the country’s goals and objectives.
• Planning also reduces the risks of uncertainty. Having a good plan will therefore
be helpful in anticipating future risks.
• development planning provides certainty and improves the quality of decision-
making process for all parts of government – from national, regional to local
governments – and for the private sector.

12. Importance
of
Development Planning
• Development Planning Promotes Good Governance and Accountability.
Development is not just a tool for improving the physical and material
conditions of the citizens, but also mean to ensuring people’s freedoms – the
freedom to choose and lead the lives that people have reason to value.
Development Plan promises these all.
• Development Planning ensures Effective Implementation. Evidence-based
monitoring and evaluation is therefore a cornerstone of our development
planning and implementation.
Cont.

13. Scope of
Development
Planning
 The scope of Development Plan covers an assessment of current issues,
prospects, priorities and proposals for development.
 It also contains implementation strategies, agency-wise (including private sector)
schemes/projects, development promotion rules, and resource mobilization plan
with reference to finance, land and manpower and provides an efficient system of
monitoring and review.

14. Scope of
Development
Planning
Cont.
 A development plan is a statutory plan, approved and adopted by the local
authority for implementation with the help of schemes and projects. Its
proposals are precise and definite. It makes known publicly the intention of
the Authority.
 Depending upon the urgency of the needs and priorities requiring special
treatment and covering special aerial extant development plans for specific
subjects could also be prepared within the framework of the perspective
plan and covering the area of jurisdiction of the local authority.

15. Development Plan Under different Social Systems
Traditional
Approach
Basically “top
down”- little
involvement of
stakeholders and
beneficiaries.
New Approach
A participatory and more “bottom up”
Local, Provincial and National Level
Consultations. More inclusive
participations: gender, ethnic groups,
Dalits, Madhesis, disabled, youth,
political parties, development partners,
NGOs/INGOs etc.
Modern Approach
• Participative Planning
• Market based Planning
• Planning by Inducement
• Indicative Planning
• Result Based Planning (RBP)/
• Strategic Planning
• Sustainable development Inclusion
• Good governance
• Growth with equity
• Public Private Partnership (PPP)

16. Five Year Plan
'Victory of the 5 Year Plan - A
blow to Capitalism‘
A government Plan for the Economic Development over a
period of 5 years.
- Word “5 Years Plan” first used by Plato in his book
“Republic”
- Introduced by Joseph Stalin in Russia (1928-19322)
- Introduced by China in Asia.
*Source cited at notes below

17. Five Year Plan Bangladesh
 Introduced by Liaqat Ali Khan in 1950 in Pakistan.
 3 Five years planning in Pakistan Period from 1955 to 1970.
 Introduced by Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman in
Bangladesh.
 Established Planning Commission in 1972.
 First five years plan (1973-1978).
 8th five years planning is running…

18. Guiding Principles Of Developing Planning In Bangladesh
2018 National
Election Manifesto
International Bodies
*Source cited at notes below

19. First Five Years Planning (1973-1978)
Objectives:
• Economic rehabilitation of war-damaged economy
• Increase the rate of growth
• Agriculture and industrial development
• Reduce poverty
• Create employment
Sector Target Achievement
GDP 5.5% 4%
Industry 7.1% -0.3%
Agriculture 4.6% 3.7%
Power and Gas 11% 32.7%
*Source cited at notes below

20. Second Five Years Planning (1980 - 1985)
Objectives:
• Equitable growth
• Self-sufficiency in food
• Rural development
• reducing the population growth rate
• expansion of employment
Sector Target Achievement
GDP 5.4% 3.8%
Industry 8.4% 4.8%
Agriculture 5% 3.5%
Per Capital Income 3.5% 3.2%
*Source cited at notes below

21. Third Five Years Planning (1985 - 1990)
Objectives:
• Ensure enough supply of basic needs
• Induce private investment in agriculture and industry
• Development of infrastructure
• Increase the rate of growth of GDP
• Create employment
Sector Target Achievement
GDP 5.4% 3.8%
Industry 10.10% 4.02%
Agriculture 4% 1.7%
Power & Gas 9.60% 17.39%
*Source cited at notes below

22. Fourth Five Years Planning (1992 - 1995)
Here due to the cyclone of 1991 lower achievement in
agriculture.
Objectives:
• Self-reliance
• Economic Development
• No Poverty
• Economic Growth
• Remove All Illiteracy
Sector Target Achievement
GDP 5% 4.15%
Industry 9.02% 7.05%
Agriculture 3.42% 0.98%
Power & Gas 9.28% 15.31%
*Source cited at notes below

23. Fifth Five Years Planning (1997 - 2002)
Objectives:
• Gender equality
• Develop socio-economic infrastructure
• Enhancement of food production
• Reduction of population growth rate
• Increase the employment opportunity
Sector Target Achievement
GDP 7% 5.21%
Industry 13.94% -
Agriculture 4% 4.6%
Power & Gas 9.28% 5.96%
*Source cited at notes below

24. Sixth Five Years Planning (2011 - 2015)
A 12-member panel of economics headed by Professor
Wahid Odin Mohammed has been formed to provide
necessary inputs and advice to the GED of the
Planning Commission to formulate the 6th 5-year plan.
Objectives:
• Raising per capita income to $2000
• become a middle-income country
• reduction of employment rate to 15%
• decrease in the number of people below the
poverty line by 25 million
• Increase GDP growth rate to 8%
• extreme poverty will be around 8.9%
• create 3.0 million surplus jobs.
*Source cited at notes below

25. Sixth Five Years Planning (2011 - 2015)
Sector Target Achievement
GDP 8% 6.7%
Industry 25% 17%
Gross Domestic Inv. 32% 26.4%
*Source cited at notes below

26. Seventh Five Years Planning (2016 - 2020)
Objectives:
• Creating a large quantity of employment
• Control inflation
• Increase GDP growth rate
• Reduce the poverty rate and ultra-poverty
• Increase our capital income
Sector Target Achievement
GDP 8% 5.224%
Poverty 18.6% 20.5%
Extreme Poverty 8.9% 10.5%
Per Capita Income $ 2009 $2064
*Source cited at notes below

27. Eighth Five Years Planning
(2020 - 2025)
*Source cited at notes below

28. Time Period
GDP Growth Rate
Targeted Achieved
1st Five Year Plan 5.5% 4%
2nd Five Year Plan 5.4% 3.8%
3rd Five Year Plan 5.4% 3.8%
4th Five Year Plan 5% 4.15%
5th Five Year Plan 7% 5.21%
6th Five Year Plan 8% 6.7%
7th Five Year Plan 8% 5.224%
Growth Performances of the 5 Year Plans of
Bangladesh