GROUND IMPROVEMENT TECHNIQUE

1. GUIDE BY PRESENTED BY
Ms JAMSHEER P KRISHNAPRASAD C
S5 CIVIL 1
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2. OVER VIEW
 INTRODUCTION
 APPLICATIONS
 HISTORY OF SOIL NAILING
 TYPES OF SOIL NAILIG
 COMPONENTS OF A SOIL NAIL WALL
 MATERIALS USED FOR SOIL NAILING
 MACHINERIES USED
 PROCEDURE OF SOIL NAILING
 ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES
 CONCLUSION
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3. INTRODUCTION
Used to reinforce and strengthen existing ground.
Installing closely spaced bars into a slope or excavation.
It is an effective and economical method.
Act as a retaining wall for excavation support.
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4. SOIL NAILING
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5. APPLICATIONS
Landslide Remediation
Railway embankments
Roadway widening under existing bridges
Stabilizing of existing retaining walls
Highway embankments and cuttings
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6. APPLICATIONS
6Tunnel portals in steep slopes
Stabilization of Highway cut slope Stabilization of Railroad
Stabilization of steep slopes

7. HISTORY OF SOIL NAILING
New Austrian Tunneling Method in 1960.
underground tunnel in Europe in 1970.
modern form was in France in 1972.
 The United States first used soil nailing in 1976.
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8. TYPES OF NAILS USED
Drilled and Grouted Soil Nail
Driven Soil Nails
Self Drilling Soil Nails
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9. COMPONENTS OF A SOIL NAIL WALL
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10. MATERIALS USED FOR
SOIL NAILING
Steel Reinforcements
Grout Mix
Shotcreting / Gunite
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11. MATERIALS USED FOR SOIL NAILING
11Grout Mix
Reinforcements used in Soil Nailing
Shotcreting

12. MACHINERIES USED
 Drilling Equipments
Grout Mixing Equipments
Shotcreting/ Guniting Equipments
Compressor
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13. Typical drilling equipment Grout Mixing Instrument
Shotcreting is done using a pipe
MACHINERIES USED
13compressor

14. PROCEDURE OF SOIL NAILING
Excavate small cut
Drill hole for nail
Install & grout nail
Place drainage strips, initial shotcrete layer & install
bearing plates
Repeat process to final grade
Place final facing on permanent walls
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15. CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCES
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DRILLING OF HOLESINITIAL EXCAVATION

16. CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCES (CONT…..)
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NAIL INSTALLATION

17. CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCES (CONT…..)
PLACE REINFORCEMENT AND DRAINAGE
SHOTCRETING AND INSTALLING BEARING
PLATES 17

18. CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCES (CONT…..)
PERMANENT FACINGREPEAT STEPS TO FINAL SUBGRADE 18

19. ADVANTAGES
Shotcrete facing is less costly
Grouting only once is required, saving time and labor.
The technique is flexible, easily modified.
Less impact on nearby properties
Can be used for strengthening of either natural slope, natural or man-
made cut slopes
Allow excellent working space in front of the excavation face,
Rapid and uses less construction materials
Economical
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20. CONCLUSION
Soil nailing is a potential solution of landslide problems.
Economical and also applicable in seismic zones.
It can be used in wide soil types.
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21. REFERENCES
1. http://www.deepexcavation.com/en/soil-nail-wall
2. http://www.moretrench.com/b_literature_article.php
3. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_nailing
4. Manual for Design and Construction Monitoring of Soil
Nail walls, US Department of Transportation, Federal
Highway Administration.
5. Guide to Soil Nail Design and Construction, Geotechnical
Engg Office, Civil Engineering and Development
Department, The Government of the Hong Kong.
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