hi.friends this is my first slide presentation which contain the information about the PERSONALIZED MEDICINES.this is the future medicinal treatment so,I hope you people like my presentation.
2. INTRODUCTION
Personalised medicine has the potential to tailor therapy with the best
response and highest safety margin to ensure better patient care. By
enabling each patient to receive earlier diagnosis, risk assessments and
optimal treatments.
Physician have always practiced personalized medicine in order to make
effective treatment decisions for their patient.
They take into account the patients:
Lifestyle
Family history
Symptoms
Data derived from many type of medical test
3. DEFINITION
The term “Personalized medicine” is often described as providing
“the right patient with the right drug at the right dose at the right
time.”
More broadly Personalized medicine may be thought of as the tailoring
of medical treatment to individual characteristics, needs and
preferences of a patient during all stages of care, including prevention,
diagnosis and treatment .
OTHER TERMS
Precision medicine
Stratified medicine
Targeted medicine
Pharmacogenomics
5. NEED FOR PM
Similar symptoms but different illness.
Medical intervention may work in some people but not in other. Because
human variation.
In human beings 99.9% bases are same but remaining 0.1% base make
person unique.
Every year in the USA 2 million people die due to adverse drugs effect.
Drugs efficacy is only in 60% of the population.
Other 40% have poor drug effect or no effect at all.
6. To avoid any allergic and adverse effect the PM ability to offers:
The right drug
To the right patient
For the right disease
At the right time
With the right dosage
7. PHARMACOGENETICS
Pharmacogenetics is the study of how the action of and the reaction
to drugs vary with the patients genes.
The study of the relationship between genetic factors and the nature
of responses to drugs.
In humans, genes influence race, hair and eye color, gender, height,
weight, aspects of behavior and even the likelihood of developing
certain diseases.
The study is still new, Pharmacogenetics promises to offers great
benefits in drug effectiveness and safety.
Encompasses pharmacogenetics which employs tools for surveying
the entire genome to assess multigenic determinants in drug
response.
8. Variation in drug response
Inter-individual variation in response to drugs serious problem.
Results in lack of efficacy/ unexpected side effects.
Variations:
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacodynamics
Idiosyncratic
9. ADVANTAGES OF PM
To predict a patients response to drug.
To improve efficacy and patient compliance.
To improve rational drug development.
To screen and monitor certain disease.
Diminishes the duration and severity of illness.
To develop “customized” prescriptions.
To develop more powerful and safe vaccines.
To allow improvements in drug research and development (R&D) and
the approval of new drugs.
10. DISADVANTAGES & LIMITATIONS
Expensive
Identification of small inter-individual variation in everyone gene is very
difficult.
Genetic variations are numerous and quantitative.
Incorrect diagnostic result.
Insufficient validation of study results.
Ethical issues.