12. 1- Rigid and strong to withstand the biting force.
2.Smooth and clean to avoid patient’s discomfort.
3. Fit the cast accurately.
4- Be dimensionally stable.
4- Stable inside the patient’s mouth.
6- Be of proper thickness (2mm on the palate &
less on the alveolar crest).
7- Be easily and quickly constructed.
Requirements:
They should :
16. • If loose >> Inaccurate record
and phonetic tests
• Use denture adhesive if slightly
loose
• Pronounced looseness
REMAKE
Fit the cast accurately
Requirements:
17. Record Base Retention
• Causes of Poor Retention
– Poor adaptation of resin to
cast
– Over- or under-extension
– Excessive block-out
19. Maxillary Occlusion rim measurements
Width:
a- ant. = 4-6 mm
b-post. = 8-10 mm
Height:
a- ant. = 20-23 mm
b. post. = 16-18 mm
20.
21. 16 mm 23 mm
16 mm
Mandibular
Maxillary
2/3 Retro molar pad
22. Registering Centric Relation
Max & Mand
Occlusion Rims
– Two sharp “V”-
shaped notches in
the molar/premolar
area of each sided
wax
– Depth 1-2 mm
1-2
mm
24. When the occlusal plane is located below the
greatest convexity of the tongue. The tongue tries
to seat the lower denture.
25. 8-10 mm
4-6 mm
Width : ( U. & L. )
a- ant. = 4-6 mm
b- post. = 8-10 mm
Height
ant. = 16 mm
post. = 2/3 the retromolar
pad height
Mandibular Occlusion Rim Adjustment
29. Maxillary and Mandibular
Occlusion Rim Adjustment
• Maxillary rim slightly
facial to compensate
for ridge resorption
• 1-2 mm horizontal
overjet in anterior &
posterior in centric
position.
30.
31. RECORDING JAW RELATIONSHIPS
1. Check denture foundation.
2. Establish facial contour.
3. Establish occlusal plane.
4. Maxillary face-bow record.
5. Determination of vertical dimension of
centric occluding relation.
6. Determine centric and eccentric relations
at the accepted vertical dimension.
7. Locking device ( recording the C.O.R. )
33. Establish the posterior palatal seal
• The outlines of the posterior palatal
seal (post-dam) and relief areas
should be marked with a lead pencil.
• The entire post-
dam area has
been excavated.
In V-shaped cross-
section.
36. • Lips should be unstrained
• Philtrum
• Vermilion border showed
• Naso-labial angle ≈ 90°
37. RECORDING JAW RELATIONSHIPS
1. Check denture foundation.
2. Establish facial contour.
3. Establish occlusal plane.
4. Maxillary face-bow record.
5. Determination of vertical dimension of centric
occluding relation.
6. Equalize pressure of occluding forces.
7. Determine centric and eccentric relations at the
accepted vertical dimension.
8. Locking device ( recording the C.O.R. )
38. A common plane
established by the incisal
edges and occlusal
surfaces of the teeth.
[This is usually curved and
is therefore not strictly a
plane]
III- Determination of the occlusal plane
39. Determination of the occlusal plane
• Aesthetic base.
• Functional base.
• Mechanical base
(Denture stability).
40. Maxillary Occlusion Rim Adjustment
• Anterior height
1-2 mm below
the lip at
rest/when the
patient slightly
smiles
41. Wax rim/tooth
display can be
adjusted with
sex, age, and
lip length
Maxillary Occlusion Rim Adjustment
42. 10-20mm 3-4mm
20-25mm 2mm
26-30mm 1mm
>30mm 0
Lip Length Incisal Display
Female Male
Young +2 +1
Middle +1 0
Old 0 -1
Sex & Age
Maxillary Occlusion Rim Adjustment
43. • Touches wet line of lower lip
when ‘F’ or ‘V’ sounds
• Count ‘50-60’
Maxillary Occlusion Rim Adjustment
44. The wax rim should be
trimmed with a knife so
that the occlusal plane
is roughly parallel to the
reference plane
45. • The heated plate should be lightly pressed
onto the roughened surface to level it
• The rim must be placed on the cast to avoid
deformation of the baseplate and the occlusion rim.
48. It is advisable to use an occlusal plane
indicator use of FOX occlusal guide for
obtaining the correct anterior and
anteroposterior planes.
49. The high lip line This is a line just contact
with the lower border of the upper lip when it
is raised as high as possible unstrained, as in
smiling or laughing.
51. Mandibular Occlusion Rim Adjustment
• Posteriorly, the
occlusion rim
intersects 1/2 - 2/3 up
the retromolar pad
• The upper border of the
mandibular wax rim
should be even with
the upper margin of the
lower lip when the
patient slightly opens
his/her mouth
52. • Anterior height even with the
corners of the mouth when the lip
is relaxed
Mandibular Occlusion Rim Adjustment
58. TYPES OF FACE-BOWS
1. Mandibular or kinematic face-bow (hinge axis
face-bow). This locates the exact axis of
rotation of the condyles.
2- Maxillary face-bow
a. Kinematic facebow used to locate and
transfer true hinge axis.
b. Arbitrary face-bow This relates the maxilla to
the exact or arbitrary position of the condylar
axis and transfers this relationship to the
articulator.
59. Facebow record and Transfer
• Establishes the
relationship between the
maxillary arch and the
horizontal plane.
• Transfers this
this relationship
to the articulator.
Maxillary Face bow
60. Hinge Axis Location
• Face-bow or
ear-bow used
• Record relationship
of maxilla to
transverse
horizontal hinge
axis of mandible
61. Purpose
• To accurately mount the
maxillary cast to articulator
The facebow record transferred to
the articulator Important to prevent
occlusal errors
62. What if patient doesn’t match
articulator?
Articulator
Patient
64. Articulators
We obtain a measurement of this distance
with a facebow
aha
mha
occlusal errors
The lnterocclusal wedge space will not be equal
65. • Therefore the distance from the condyle to
the teeth is crucial, we obtain a
measurement of this distance with a
facebow
66. Face-bow Function
• Duplicates opening and closing arc of teeth
by relating maxillary arch to the hinge axis.
• Slight change of vertical dimension doesn’t
affect the relation
67. The first part of the
posterior border
opening is a rotation
around the hinge axis.
If the terminal hinge axis is recorded on
the articulator using a hinge face-bow, then
minor changes in the vertical dimension
will not alter the horizontal jaw relation.
68. In summary
The face bow records not only the radius
from the condyles to the incisal contacts of
the upper central incisors but also the
angular relationship of occlusal plane to the
axio-orbital plane, face bow must be
positioned on the articulator in the same
axio-orbital relation as on the patient.
69. In summary
Face bow must be positioned on the
articulator in the same axio-orbital relation as
on the patient. By the add of anterior
reference points
Nasion support
70.
71. RECORDING JAW RELATIONSHIPS
1. Check denture foundation.
2. Establish facial contour.
3. Establish occlusal plane.
4. Maxillary face-bow record.
5. Determination of vertical dimension of
centric occluding relation.
6. Determine centric and eccentric relations
at the accepted vertical dimension.
7. Locking device ( recording the C.O.R. )
73. Occlusal Vertical Dimension (OVD)
• Distance between maxilla
& mandible when teeth or
wax rims contact in
centric position
• Amount of separation
between mandible &
maxilla when denture
teeth are in contact
75. Measuring Occlusal Vertical Dimension
• Measure the distance between dots
– At VDR
– At VDO
– Difference is IOS
Inter Occlusal Rest
Space
Measurements change each day (position
of dots)
78. Measurements OVD & PRP
• Use external points for
ease of measurement
• Small dots under
columnella & mid-
symphisis
• Use Boley Gauge, not
ruler
79. Measuring Occlusal Vertical Dimension
• Open and close until rims
touch
• Measure distance between
dots (OVD)
• Measurement will be
different each appointment
80. Establishing OVD
Feeling for Interocclusal Distance
• Close until lips barely
touch - PRP
• Place finger on chin
• Look away
• Patient closes until rims
touch (OVD)
• Feel for movement of the
mandible
81. Establishing OVD Phonetics Test
• Closest Speaking Space
• Confirms OVD
• Sibilant sounds ("s", "z", sh", ch")
• Rims should be at least 1 mm apart
• Don’t worry about sounds yet
82. Excessive OVD Wax Rims Too High
•Insufficient interocclusal distance
•Remove wax from one or both of the rims
– Use large wax formers
– #5 & #7 wax spatulas
– Red-handled knife
– Bunsen burner and torch
83. Wax Rim Adjustment at OVD
• Flat even contact along
entire occlusal surface
• If uneven contact,
patient may be forced
into eccentric position
84. Adjusting Wax Rim Height
• Scribe lines parallel to the
opposing occlusal rim
• Use as a
guides during
reduction
85. Eliminating Record Base or Wax Rim
Interferences
• Patient in Centric
Position
• Scribe three widely
separated lines
between maxillary &
mandibular rims
86. 1- Central line (midline)
2- The corner line (canine line)
3- The high lip line and low lip line
87. Establishing OVD
• Remove, superimpose
the lines
• Eliminate contacts
between record bases,
record base/occlusion
rims
88. Adjusting Occlusion Rims
• Continue to adjust the rims until:
– Interocclusal distance is 2-4 mm
– Even contact along rims in centric
position.
99. Ball correctly placed inside slot will ensure full
range of anterior/posterior
movement of the toggle assembly
Ball placed in slot
100. Release the record base
by breaking the seal, and
removing the facebow.
Attach the Quick Lock
Toggle Assembly to the
bite fork.
Tighten the Quick Lock
Toggle