VOCABULARY UNIT 3

1. Vocabulary
 Birth rate: total number of live births per 1,000 of a population in a year
 Death rate: measure of the number of deaths in a particular population
 Natural increase: birth rate minus the death rate
 Infant mortality rate: refers to deaths of young children, normally less than one year of age
 Life expectancy: statistical measure of the average time a person is expected to live, based on
the year of their birth
 Birth control: allows us to prevent pregnancy and plan the timing of pregnancy
 Dependent population: Group of people who aren't working or are doing the household chores
 Dependency ratio: measure showing the number of dependents,aged zero to 14 and over the
age of 65
 Family planning: the practice of controlling the number of children in a family and the intervals
between their births
 Population piramids/age-gender structures: graphical illustration that shows the distribution
of various age groups in a population which forms the shape of a pyramid
 Replacement rate: percentage of a worker's pre-retirement income that is paid out by a pension
program upon retirement
 Fertility rate: ratio of live births in an area to the population of that area; expressed per 1000
population per year
 Ageing population: phenomenon that occurs when the median age of a country or region
increases due to rising life expectancy or declining fertility rates.
 Population distribution: the arrangement of people living in a given area
 Population density: measurement of population per unit area
 MEDC: a more economically developed country
 LEDC: a less economically developed country
 Overpopulation: situation in which too many people or animals live in a certain area
 Underpopulation: population lower than is normal