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1. Obligation, permission and
prohibition
In the present
I have to / ‘ve got to go home.
Citizens at the age of 18 must ask for the cédula.
I don’t have to go home.
They can / are allowed to vote.
We can’t / ‘re not allowed to / musn’t speak.

2. Obligation, permission and
prohibition
In the present In the past
I have to / ‘ve got to go
home.
Citizens at the age of 18
must ask for the cédula.
I had to go home.
We had to ask for the
cédula at the age of 18.
I don’t have to go home. I didn’t have to go home.
They can / are allowed to
vote.
They could/were allowed
to vote.
We can’t / ‘re not allowed
to / musn’t speak.
We couldn’t / weren’t
allow to speak.

3. Suggestions
(When it is the correct thing to do)
Affirmative
You should try this ice cream – it’s delicious.
You ought to be more careful – You’re driving too fast
my dear.
You are a disorganized person – You ought make your
bed.
Must and have to are stronger forms.

4. Rules for Politeness in Different
Countries
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