This presentation deals with Janapadwamsha its types of hetu and its correlation with contemporary aetiologies

1. JANAPADODHWAMSA
Dr Akshay Shetty
Associate Professor
SSRAMC & H Inchal

2. Contents
• Objectives
• Definition of Janapadodhwamsa
• Types of Hetu for Janapadodhwamsa
• Co-relation of Janapadodhwamsa with contemporary aetiology
• Summary
• References
16/11/2023 Janapadhwamsa (Dr Akshay Shetty) 2

3. Objectives
• Define Janapadodhwamsa
• Classify hetu of
Janapadodhwamsa
• Co- relate hetu of
Janapadodhwamsa with
contemporary etiology
By the end
of the
presentation
the students
must be able
to –
16/11/2023 Janapadhwamsa (Dr Akshay Shetty) 3

4. Janapada is community
Udwamsa is destruction
• Destruction of complete Janapada (community) due to
Maraka (disease), which becomes the reason for
death of huge population, is considered as
Janapadodwamsa.
16/11/2023 Janapadhwamsa (Dr Akshay Shetty) 4

5. द्विद्विधो हेतुर्व्याद्वधजनकः प्रयद्विनयां भिद्वत-
सयधयरिः, असयधयरिश्च; तत्रयसयधयरिां प्रद्वतपुरुषद्वनयतां ियतयद्विजनकमयहयरयद्यद्वभ
धयय बहुजनसयधयरिां ियतजलिेशकयलरूपां सयधयरिरोगकयरिमद्वभधयतुां जनपिो
ि् वांसनीयोऽद्वभधीयते||१-२|| Chakrapani on Ca.Vi 3/1
16/11/2023 Janapadhwamsa (Dr Akshay Shetty) 5

6. Causative factors are
divided into two groups. i.e.
Sadharana Hetu (common
to living being in general)
Asadharana Hetu (specific
to individual).
16/11/2023 Janapadhwamsa (Dr Akshay Shetty) 6

7. Four Janapadodwamsakara
Bhavas are consider as
Sadharana Hetu, they are
• Vayu,
• Jala,
• Desha,
• Kala.
Asadharana hetu are
those, which leads to
the vitiation of Dosha.
16/11/2023 Janapadhwamsa (Dr Akshay Shetty) 7

8. Characteristics of polluted Air
तत्र ियतमेिांद्विधमनयरोग्यकरां द्विद्ययत्; तद्यथय
यथतुाद्विषममद्वतस्तिद्वमतमद्वतचलमद्वतपरुषमद्वतशीतमत्युष्णमद्वतरूक्षमत्यद्वभष्यस्ति
नमद्वतभैरियरयिमद्वतप्रद्वतहत-
परस्परगद्वतमद्वतक
ु ण्डद्वलनमसयत्म्यगन्धबयष्पद्वसकतयपयांशुधूमोपहतद्वमद्वत (१);
• The characteristic features of air that is known to cause widespread
diseases include air that is not in conformity with the season, totally
calm or violently blowing, exceedingly rough, intensely cold, intensely
hot, excessively dry, excessively humid, terribly clamorous, blowing
from contrary directions and clashing with each other (winds blowing
in opposite direction), violently spinning (whirlwind) and associated
with unwholesome odour, moisture, sand, dust and smoke.
16/11/2023 Janapadhwamsa (Dr Akshay Shetty) 8

9. Characteristics of polluted water
उिक
ां तु
खल्वत्यथाद्विक
ृ तगन्धििारसस्पशंक्लेिबहुलमपक्रयन्तजलचरद्विहङ्गमुपक्षीिजलेश
यमप्रीद्वतकरमपगतगुिां द्विद्ययत् (२);
• Water that does not seem normal in smell, colour, taste and touch,
has excessive stickiness, is from a source devoid of aquatic animals
and birds or from a drying up water reservoir without pleasantness
and is basically devoid of normal attributes indicates polluted water
16/11/2023 Janapadhwamsa (Dr Akshay Shetty) 9

10. Characteristics of polluted land
• Vitiated Desha will show abnormality in colour, smell, taste and
touch. It will be very sticky and serpents, wild animals, mosquitos,
locusts, flies, rats, owls, vultures and jackals will take shelter. Weeds
and plants will be grown excessively. Land will have a novel look with
withered, dried and destroyed crops. Smoke will be present in the
environment. Wild cries of birds and animals will be heard. There will
be excessive crying noise as if country is seized by demons
16/11/2023 Janapadhwamsa (Dr Akshay Shetty) 10

11. Characteristics of polluted time/season
कयलां तु खलु यथतुाद्वलङ्गयद्विपरीतद्वलङ्गमद्वतद्वलङ्ग
ां हीनद्वलङ्ग
ां चयद्वहतां र्व्िस्येत् (४);
इमयनेििोषयुक्यांश्चतुरो भयियञ्जनपिोि् वांसकरयन् ििस्तन्त क
ु शलयः;
अतोऽन्यथयभूतयांिु द्वहतयनयचक्षते||७||
• A time is said to be unwholesome if it exhibits characteristics that are
opposite to normal or exhibit excessive or deficient characteristics
(e.g. early rains, too little rain, excessively hot summers or cold
winters, etc) These four environmental factors, affected in the
aforesaid way, can be considered the type that cause epidemics, and
those having features contrary to these could be considered
wholesome.
16/11/2023 Janapadhwamsa (Dr Akshay Shetty) 11

12. Natural disaster
"A serious disruption of
the functioning of a community or
a society involving widespread
human, material, economic or
environmental losses and
impacts, which exceed the ability
of the affected community or
society to cope using its own
resources’’
16/11/2023 Janapadhwamsa (Dr Akshay Shetty) 12

13. Classification according to Disaster Information Management System of
Deslnventar 2016
16/11/2023 Janapadhwamsa (Dr Akshay Shetty) 13

14. Air pollution • Health aspects
• Social and
economic aspects
Adverse effect
of air pollution
can be
classified into
two.
16/11/2023 Janapadhwamsa (Dr Akshay Shetty) 14

15. 16/11/2023 Janapadhwamsa (Dr Akshay Shetty) 15

16. Water pollution
•Natural
•Man made
Water
pollutants
cab be
divided
into two.
16/11/2023 Janapadhwamsa (Dr Akshay Shetty) 16

17. • Natural water pollutants comprise dissolved gases e.g. nitrogen,
carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulphide, etc.
• Dissolved minerals (e.g. salts of calcium, magnesium, sodium, etc.)
• Natural constituents of water following its contact with soil; and
suspended impurities (e.g., clay, silt, sand and mud) microscopic
organisms.
• These impurities are derived from the atmosphere, catchment area
and the soil.
16/11/2023 Janapadhwamsa (Dr Akshay Shetty) 17

18. Manmade pollutants are
(a) Sewage , which contains decomposable organic matter and pathogenic
agents
(b) Industrial and trade wastes, which contain toxic agents ranging from metal
salts to complex synthetic organic chemicals
(c) Agricultural pollutants, which comprise fertilizers and pesticides,
(d) Physical pollutants, viz heat (thermal pollution) and radioactive substances
16/11/2023 Janapadhwamsa (Dr Akshay Shetty) 18

19. Biological diseases caused by Polluted water
16/11/2023 Janapadhwamsa (Dr Akshay Shetty) 19

20. Summary
1.Define Janapadodhwamsa
1.Classify hetu of Janapadodhwamsa
1.Co- relate hetu of Janapadodhwamsa with contemporary etiology
16/11/2023 Janapadhwamsa (Dr Akshay Shetty) 20

21. References
• Charaka Samhita
• Dr. Shruthi S. Shet and Dr. Venkatakrishna K. V. CRITICAL ANALYSIS ON THE
CONCEPT OF JANAPADODHWAMSA - A LITERATURE REVIEW, World Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Life Science
16/11/2023 Janapadhwamsa (Dr Akshay Shetty) 21

22. THANK YOU
16/11/2023 Janapadhwamsa (Dr Akshay Shetty) 22