This is second part of Crime scene management which includes Duties of forensic scientist ,role of investigating officers , inspection of crime scene ,general rules for search a crime scene ,Medico-legal officers in crime scene management.
This presentation helps to understand the concept of crime scene management
2. CONTENTS
• INTRODUCTION
• DUTIES OF FORENSIC SCIENTIST
• INVESTIGATING OFFICERS AND THEIR ROLES
• INSPECTION OF THE CRIME SCENE
• GENERAL RULES FOR SEARCH A SCENE OF CRIME
• MEDICO-LEGAL OFFICERS IN CRIME MANAGEMENT
• REFERENCES
3. INTRODUCTION
• Crimes today are solved by the
teamwork of investigators and crime
scene personnel.
• It involves the technique and
procedures recognizing the power of
crime scenes, physical evidences ,
records and witnesses.
• The four distinctive but interrelated
components of crime scene
management are:
Information
Management
Manpower
Management
Logistics
Management
Technology
Management
4. FORENSIC SCIENTIST -Duties
Duties are:
• Forensic scientist is responsible for testing all of
the evidence found at a crime scene.
• They ensure that all the test performed ethically
and correctly.
• They obtaining evidence at the crime scene.
• Creating reports of the findings.
• Analyzing the evidence in the lab.
• Providing report the findings of the analysis to
the superiors.
5. INVESTIGATING OFFICERS AND THEIR ROLES
• Converse with the first responders regarding
observations and activities.
• Evaluate safety issues that may affect all
personnel entering the scenes.
• Evaluate search and seizure issues to determine
the necessity of obtaining consent to search and
also obtaining a search warrant.
• Evaluate and establish a path of entry/exit to the
scene to be utilized by authorized personnel.
• Evaluate initial scene boundaries.
• Determine the number/size of scenes.
• Establish a secure area for temporary evidence
storage in accordance with rules of
evidence/chain of custody.
• If multiple scene exist , establish and maintain
communication with personnel at those locations.
6. • Ensure continued scene integrity(e.g., document entry/exit of authorized personnel ,
prevent unauthorized access to the scene.
• Ensure that witnesses to the incident are identified and separated.
• Ensure the surrounding area is canvassed and results are documented.
• Ensure preliminary documentation/photography of the scene , injured persons and
vehicles.
7. INSPECTION OF THE CRIME SCENE
• In all scientific investigation , the basic purpose is
to collect clue material that would:
Establish the line of approach;
Identify the points of entry, line of retreat and
point of exit;
The actual scene
What are the type of search methods?
These are the methods of search used be investigating
team, while collecting clues.
SPIRALMETHOD
RADIALMETHOD
STRIP METHOD
DOUBLE STRIP METHOD
GRID METHOD
WHEEL METHOD
ZONAL METHOD
8. SPIRAL METHOD
• Two variants, i.e., Clockwise and Anti clockwise.
• Crime scene is small and the corpus delicti is located
at its centre, this method is adapted.
• Example : In case of a burglary, the exterior of the
premises is searched first for locating the points of
entry and exit, Which further extends into the inner
side of the building.
RADIAL METHOD
• Search begins from a central point and extending the
scope of the search from the centre to the outward
side by enlarging the circumference of the search,
radiating outwards.
• Example: Investigation of an automobile accident
crime scene or even a bomb blast scene to search post
blast exhibits.
9. STRIP METHOD
• Method is usually used to search a rectangular outdoor
crime scene.
• Crime scene happened in a small in size.
• 3 or 4 searchers assemble at the start point “ O” and
commence the search in strips.
• The search party at the end of the opposite side
transverse to head in opposite direction till the entire spot
is searched in imaginary strips ,till they the end point “P”.
DOUBLE STRIP METHOD
• Used in medium sized crime scene is to be
searched.
• This is a strip search takes place in two
directions.
• Helps in increases thoroughness of the
search.
• Example : After searching, from north to
south, have the searches move from east to
west.
10. GRID METHOD
• Used in searching very large areas of crime scenes or
disasters .
• The area may be land or sea and the search may be
made terrestrially or in sea using ships or aerially
using aircraft.
• Pattern is marked on the map and search team follow
this.
• Topography is studied and the imaginary lines depicts
the latitude and longitudes are marked for reference
as the route of search.
WHEEL METHOD
• Two variants
• Starts at a circular point and travel outward along
straight lines or rays.
• Difficult for searching large areas
• Used in special situations
11. ZONAL METHOD
• Crime scene is divided into several zones and searched in detail , in the
given zone or sub-zone.
• Used in both indoor and outdoor crime scenes.
• Each of the zone is given to a team to search , where the team leader
decides to use any suitable method for searching the same.
12. GENERAL RULES FOR SEARCH A SCENE
OF CRIME
• The first officer who arrives at the crime scene must take charge of the
place and cordon the area to be demarcated as a crime scene and prevent
people from entry, so as to preserve it till the arrival of the investigating
officer.
• All the searches must be made in the presence of 2 independent
witnesses, who are respectable members and also are the residence of the
locality.
• Investigation officer must brief the searching personnel as to the nature of
the crime and what type of physical clue material to be looked for.
• Every searcher must be briefed to locate the object if found and not to pick
it up or smell it, taste it or put into his pocket .
• All clue material so found must be photographed after numbering it and
tagging it with the details such as Name of the police station , crime
number , clue number , date of recovery.
• All object must be described exhaustively in the index of the sketch,
measured or quantified before packing it and forwarding it to the expert
for examination.
13. MEDICO-LEGAL OFFICERS IN CRIME
MANAGEMENT
• They help by viewing the body in the context of its
surroundings, the forensic medicine expert is better able
to interpret certain findings at the autopsy .
• They also able to advise the investigative agency about the
nature of the death , whether to confirm a homicide by a
specific means , evaluate the circumstances to the death
• Through examination of a death scene requires a
disciplined and systematic approach to recording the
various observations made and collection of evidential
material.
• It is important to carefully examine the scene for evidence
or unusual circumstances that may indicate the death of
the person is other than by natural causes.
14. REFERENCES
• Singh, Harendra Nath. (2021). CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION. International Journal
of Science and Research (IJSR). 10. 642-648. 10.21275/SR211112005543.
• Fraser, Jim, 'Crime scene management and forensic investigation', Forensic
Science: A Very Short Introduction, 2nd edn, Very Short Introductions (Oxford,
2020; online edn, Oxford Academic, 20 Feb. 2020),
https://doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198834410.003.0003, accessed 19 Feb.
2023.
• https://lawpage.in/evidence_law/crime-scene-investigation
• Forensic science note- Dr Aravind
