Terrorism investigation how conducted

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2. INVESTIGATION
OF
TERRORISM CASES
BY: FARRUKH HAFEEZ, DSP, CTD, PUNJAB, LAHORE
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3. CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM (C.J.S)
The criminal justice system is the set of
agencies and processes established by
governments to control crime and impose
penalties on those who violate laws.
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4. SALIENT ORGANS OF C.J.S
• Salient organs of Criminal Justice System:
1) Law Enforcement Agencies
2) Judiciary
3) Prison or The Correction
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5. OFFENCES
• COGNIZABLE OFFENCE:
Those offences in which Police are bound to register a
case u/s 154 Cr. P.C. Police conduct investigation of the
case without permission of the court and arrest alleged
offender without warrant
• NON-COGNIZABLE OFFENCE:
Those offences in which First Information Report (FIR)
cannot be registered u/s 155 Cr. P.C and a report can be
recorded in ‘Roznamcha’. Thereafter police approach
Area Magistrate to seek permission to investigate into
such offence and to arrest accused
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6. OFFENCES
• COMPOUNDABLE OFFENCES:
Those offences where the complainant enters
into a compromise and agrees to have the
charges dropped against the accused not for any
consideration which he is not entitled to.
• NON-COMPOUNDABLE OFFENCES:
• Some offences which cannot be compounded
due to the grave nature of offence i.e. where
"state" has filed the case. Hence the question of
complainant entering into compromise does not
arise.
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7. CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION
• Criminal Investigation is an applied science
that involves the study of facts used to
identify, locate and prove the guilt of
a criminal.
• A complete criminal investigation can include
searching, interviews, interrogations, evidence
collection and preservation and various
methods of investigation.
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8. CRIME SCENE TEAM
1. Team Leader
2. Photographer &
Photographic Log
Recorder
3. Sketch Preparer
4. Evidence Recorder/
Custodian
5. Evidence Recovery
Personnel
6. Specialists (Bomb
Technician)
7. Finger Print Expert
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9. BOMBING CASE
ROLE OF BOMB TECHNICIAN:
• Identify seat of explosion
• Determine explosion accidental or criminal
• Technical evaluation of recovered evidence
• Make certain victims are x-rayed for bomb
components
• Seize clothing, blood sample, hair sample and
major case prints
• Defuse unconsumed IEDs
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10. 10
2. Doubtful Recovery
• In 47 (26%) of judgments, the courts have
mentioned doubtful recovery
• Reasons include:
√ The incriminating material was not recovered
√ Recovery was not proved
√ Recovery was declared doubtful by the courts
√ Weapon of offence did not match with the report
of Forensic Science Laboratory about the empties
recovered
Contd…/
DEFECTS IN INVESTIGATION (Contd..)