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MO-W 1 KaI
wa
wo
wy
I I
a~w
I wa-pbl
I
0 1 WI
y!w
I
Ma-nbl :w
wa!p
Ha:wI
Ma-Jlbi-W: KaI
I I
Ma :p-Tbi-W :Ka
HaTawa1 Ma.1wa a.-1 Cawa o! pa.-1-Wlla.-1 K
oa-oy-w!K e . Cawa a.-1 HaTawa
oo-oa-pH-IlH wa !po. A MHwa - po-
MawKH.
HaTaWa1 Cawa ~ MHwa- _....... -.
a o y bl
H
54
D
D
lwMftHp CTK
I

WH [w]H
Wl-1-110
WI-1-Ha
Ma-Ilbi-WJ-1
Ma-WJ-1-Ha
WH - •Hwy c H.
y-wl-1
WJ-1-W: KJ-1- I
I
wa-w 1 Kl-1- I
I
po-Ma-w: Kl-1
H
I I
awa MaWJ.1Ha. Mawi-1Ha Ky-K! na.
Wl-1.............._
~w!KI-1
wa.........-
Wypa 1-1 PoMaH 1-1-Dlpa-nJ-1 o wa!w!KI-1.
Y Mawt.1 MaWJ.1Ha H WI-1WKa.
- Hal PoMaH1 wJ.iwKy!
- Hal Wypa1 MaWJ.1Hy!
Ha THWJ.1HaKa
KpbiW <a
H
cy)WJ-jfl WHpHHa
C MaWJ.1HJ.1CT
y_ 7/I,;,~~~~~]J/;;t£;;;];;=
------~~-~~~~~____ ____ _;(_________ __~__ __ ______ _;(_____ ___ _

>t<>K <I a o y ~-~ 1
rfJ:rJP[H<] IM H p Il I
l
I
>Ka >KO >Ky >Kano
>K:Ma >K:Mo >+<!My
I
>+<a~n-KoI I I •
>+<:na >+<:no >+<!ny
I
>Ka:P-K9I I
>K:HaI >+<!po >+<!HY >+<a!p
I I
>Ka-C 1 M~ 1 HI I
>+<y!p-Ha:n
I I I
>+<y 1 p-Ha-n~ 1 c 1 TI I I
I
>Ka-T I oaI
I
>Ka-0 <;>-p<;>-H<? :K
'--../
Ha nyoy M~wal Map~Ha 1 AHHa.
- M~wal Mbl = v >+<!My!p-K~!
M
I I
ap~Ha oo-•~ :T.
- Map~Hal TaM ny>+<a!
a o y bl
H
56
D IH<MnHp
D _w CTK I

I
.I~ ~
3111MH5151 PAAOCTb
6enbli1 cHer-cHe>KOK
..
>K>KeTcstI KoneTcst.
BbiXOAI-1I APY>KOK I
3a OKOill-14y.
TaM cHe>KKOM ropa
np1-1nopoweHa I
TaM Jlbi>KHSI B'-lepa
"'
MHOI-1 npono>KeHa.
no6e>KJ.1M C T06oi1
K necy CI-1HeMY~
np1-1HeceM c To6oi1
paAOCTb 3J.1MHtOtO.
f eoprui1 flaAOHUJ,UKOB
f Apy>KoK! Ecn~-1 Te6e noHpaBI-1IlOCb
• CTJ.1XOTBOpeHJ.1e1 nonpo6yH BbiYLII-1Tb
ero Hai-13YCTb.

)f(H [H<]H WH [w]H
>KJ.1Jla.1
WJ.1Jla.1
CWJ.1Jla.1
I
WJ.1-W I KJ.1I
CJl0 >KJ.1JlJ.1... y JlO>KJ.1JlJ.1
Jlbi->KJ.1 y MHO>KJ.1Jla.1
ny->Kt.1 0Kpy>KJ.1Jla.1 WJ.1-Ha
Y Ma.1wa.1 Ka-pa iH-Da-wt.1. OH pa.1-cy- • • T
pa-oy-oy. nbi>Ka.1 y Mawa.1. Wa.1no y Ta.1-
Mowt.1. Wa.1wKa.1 y HaTawa.1. W.J.iHa y Ma-
WJ.1Hbl. A y Ma.1WJ.1 Y>KJ.1H.

AnSI TEX, KTO YMEET ~HTATb
KOrAA 3TO 6biBAET?
npocHyJU1Cb e>KJ.-1 I
Bblnon3atOT y>t<a-1 I
CTpOSIT >KJ.1Ila.1W.a
YJ.1>KH ~ CTpa.1>K~.
JleTSIT BbiCOKO
>+<ypaana1 yronKOM.
naxHeT TpaBOH
J.1 napHbiM MOflOKOM.
f eoprHH flaAOHUJ,HKOB
? Apy>t<oK! npoYJ.1TaH CTHXOTBopeHJ.1e
• J.1 paCCMOTpH p~CYHOK. ~TO o6w.e-
ro 8 J.1X COAep>KaHHa-1? LfTO MO>KHO
6b1Jl0 6bl ew.e Hap~COBaTb?

>K:Ka• I
>K:ca• I
I I I I
11y->Ko :K - 11Y->t<: KJ1
I I 1
HO->K . K HO->K I KJ1• I
I I 1
110->K . K - 110->K I KJ1• I
I
• J1->KJ1 - • J11 >KI •
I I I I I
cIT IpJ1->KJ1 - c I T I PJ11 >KI I I I I •
I I I
c: T9-PC?->Ka - c: TO-P9: >!<
I I I
Tapac J1 QKcaHa Ha 11Y>!<K • .
TaM .Y I
HO-CJ1: K.
I I I
K I py->K IKJ1I • I

WJ.1WKa Y>KJ.1H Y HaTawa-1 •
ywa.i HO>KI.-1
I
Y Cawa-1
~_n __
WJ.111J.1 >KJ.111a 10-~ •
-
Ma11biWJ.1 >Ka-111
y nywa-1
"? Y Hac
I _,...--
Wa-1110
•
y Ma.iWJ-1 11bi>KJ.1.
Y Hac MaWJ.1Ha.
Y HaTawa-1 HO>KKJ-1 •
•
Y K0011J.1Ka po>f<Ka-1.
Y KQpQObl MQ11QKO.
Y KOWKJ-1 Ca OO>KKJ-1 •
•
I
K: py->Ka-111
I
K: py-wa-1_11
TY-Wa-111
TY->Ka-111

Bs [a) Obi Sbl
[B'] • J.1 SJ.1
I ~~ I /loa y bll
I [a]<-...jM Hp n >K I
I
SJ.1-WHJ.1
I I I
sa sa 11 s 11a s bl-pa-cTJ.1-11J.1
so so 11 S 110 Sb1-psa-11J.1
sy SOT sHY Sbi-CY-WJ.1-11J.1
SJ.1 saM S TJ.1 y-110->KJ.1-11J.1
Y Hac SbiCTasKa. Bapsapa Hapa.1cosa11a
KapTJ.1HY. 111saH J.1 C11asa yKpaCJ.111J.1 SJ.1TPJ.1-
HY. TyT c11osapa.1 I OTKpb1TKJ.1 1 MapKJ.1.
Mbl cocTaSJ.111J.1 c11osa: c11asa1 C11J.1Sa1
C11J.1SKJ.1.
Mbl cpasHJ.111J.1 c11osa: cocTaSJ.111J.1 1 ocTa-
SJ.111J.11 OCTaHOSJ.111J.11 OCTaHOSKa; SbiWJ.111J.1 1
SbiCYWJ.111J.1; Sb1Mbi11J.1 I SbiHY11J.1 I Sbi11J.111J.1.
a o Y :• BIMn H p c T K : aI

Ba-ca.1-Jn1-ca
Ba-1-K: TO: pI I
~-sa:HI
K:na-saI
I I I
KO-C: MO-Ha: s: T
I I
Ka:p-Ha-sa:n
I I I
w 1 TY 1 p-sa 1 11I I I
I
Bbi-Wa-1 1 B-KaI
BacJ.1IlJ.1Ca1 ~BaH1 Knasa a-1 Ba.iKTop - Ha-
Wa-1 BHYKJ-1. Y HaC BO BTOpHa.iK KapHaBail.
~BaH - sonK. Knasa - cosa. Ba.iKTop -
M I I I I I
KOT a:T: po:c: Ka-1: H.
Y BacJ.1IlJ.1Cbl BbiWa.iBKa.
Ba.iKTop y w iTYP isana. OH Ka • a.iTaH.
yn>0 >+<a-111J.1
YMH
OKpy>
>KJ.1Ila.1
OTilO

I I
BQ-pO-Ta BO-pO-Hbl
I I I I
BO-pQ-T IHa-11 K KQ-pO-Bbl
CMopo • J.1Ha a-1 Kpb1>KOBHJ.1K - KYCTbl.___........
B<;>pOHbl a-1 cc;>pOKJ-1 - _ •
"---"' "---"'
K<;>pOBbl J.1 KpOI1J.1KJ.1 - >KJ.1BOTHbl • • •
'--"
I I
sopoTa
'-..:.._.../
sopoHa
'-..:.._.../
copoKa
'-..:.._.../
~ ~ ~----....
~ KowKa 1 KpowKa 1 MbiWKa 1 KawKa 1
~ ~~----....
cywKa 1 DilOWKa 1 Kpb1WKa 1 •awKa.
-~- -r ---- ---~=~~~- ·r-:------r ---
---I -- ~- ~~- j ---- y_---~-~-

AnSl TEX, KTO YMEET "'HTATb
3EnEHbl~ rOPOA
Mbl nocaAa.iM na.1nb1 a-1 KileHbl.
EiyAeT ropOA HapSIAHbl~, 3eileHbl~.
TononSI Mbl nocaAa.iM pSIAaMJ-1.
CTaHyT nnow.aAa-1 Hawa.i caAaMJ-1.
0Kpy>+<a.iM Mbl AepesbSIMJ-1 wKony,
"' .. "'
nycTb 3BeHJ.1T HaA Hea-1 ronoc seceilbla-1.
nycTb U.BeTeT C Ka>+<AbiM rOAOM BCe
Kpawe
MOilOAOe 0Te'-leCTBO Hawe!
nnaTOH BopOHbKO
5 EYJ<Bapb (pyCCK.) 65

i
I
[A']~ At-1
AA [A]~a o y blj
~~MnHp>t<sl
9
I
I 9)~I
Aa AHa
AY A po
Abl Any
At-1 A sa
I I
naHAbiWt-1 AOM AQMa.1HO OQAapKt-1
Haw AOM CTOa.iT s caAy. 0Kono AO-
Ma pacTyT KYCTbl CMOpOAa.1Hbl1 Mant-1-
Hbl 1 Kpb1>KOBHt-1Ka 1 >KaCMt-1Ha.
K Tapacy o pa.1-wna.1 Aa.1Ma1 Aawal
PoMaH. Aa.1Ma o OAapa.in Tapacy Mawt-1-
Hy. Aawa - KOwKy. PoMaH - AOMa.iHO.
MaMa o OAana Ha cTon TopT.
a o y : BIMn H p c K : a ~~

~ - [l] ~ IKc T w I
A:Ka• I
pa-Abl - paA•
A:ca• I
ca-Abl - caA
•
A:wa• I
I
y-AO-Abl - y-AO: f}.
KpbiM. TaM o opbl 111 AQilt~~Hbl. B Kpbi-
MY MHODo caAO~. B caAy cnt~~Bbl 111 st~~w
Ht~~, Mailt~~Ha 111 Kpbi>KOBHIIIK. TaM C~AOB
Ht~~K Tapac. Aast~~J;J. 111 AaHt~~IlKa - sHyKt~~
CaAOBHIIIKa. 0Ht~~ = - .
ca-Abl•
ca:AI •
D!PYAbl
D!PY!A
67

[3']--. 3a.1
33 ___..-l.----a_o_y_b---.1I
c---------;[
3
] ~[M H p 11 B A I i
o e oo
-I 3a 30 3Y 3bl 3a.1
3l~/ 3:sa 3:Ha 3!MY 3! pt-1 a-1:3I I I
l
3!pa
I I
31 Ha-Ilt-1 31 sa-na-1I I
31A:pa I
Ha-3: sa-na-1y-3: Ha-Ilt-1I I I
Dpa.1wna 3~Ma c M<?P03aMt-1. Don<?A-
HO B 3a.1MH8 M Il. Cy. 3aBb1Ila.1 a.1 3aM<?Il-
•aila.1 3Ilbl• • BOilKt-1. 3aMe p3no 03. po.
Ha OKHax y3opb1.
3ApascTsy •, 3a.1MywKa-3t-1Ma!
<111-1 <111-1>Kt-1 Wa-1
na na
BIMn
~I
a 0 y bl H p )1(8 A
H KW T
68

~- [c] ~
0
I I I I
p03bl po~ C 1Ka-31KJ.1 B 1Ha.1-3YI • I
I
I
B IHJ-113sa3bl -sa~ c 1Ka-3a-naI I I •
I
~
I
Ta3bl - Ta~ c 1Ka->Ka-1 Ma-Ilbi-Wa-1I
.,-
<-~~
..,.....
,.
3J.1Ha 3Haila MHODQ CKa3QK. 3J.1Ha pa!c-
c!Ka-3a-Ila MailbiWaM cKa~Ka-1. 0Ha 3aDa-
Aaila 3aDa.Q.KJ.1. 3a Da.Q.Ka-1 B CKa3Ka 0.• • •
?•
Tbl OT- Da-Aail 3a Oa.Q.Ka-1?• •

nn [n] o e
[n'] ••/
'
na
1C y1J no
nt-1
CHOnt-1K - CHOn
cyn4t-1K - cyn
canbl - canKt-1
nanbl - nanKt-1
nt-1nbl - na.1nKt-1
TpOnbl - TpOnKt-1
na
nt-1 I
o • • • o • o
na:p no :p:TI I
no:n n:nolTI I I
wa-1: n I
na-1-no ~ TI I
Y Hac nQnaTbl 1 canKt-1 1 o pa o na-1. Mbl
I I
nQCaAt-1nt-1 QOq poA. TyT KanycTa 1 yK-
1 I I
pOn1 ne TpywKa1 nQMt-1AOpb11 naTt-1CCO-
Hbl. A B CaAy nt-10HblI acTpbl I p03bl.
aoy : BIMnH p K : B ~ ~ nl

I
DJ-1-na•
I
o e -oe -o e
I I
o e - o~o eI
I I
o e - o e ~oI
I I
py-oa-H <? :K
nAnA
Haw naria - nnoTHJ-iK.
OH caM cTpOJ-iT AOM.
nana nJ-iilJ-iT AOCKJ-1 .
AocKJ-1 AJlSI nonoe.•
TYT nnaTOH J-1 naBilJ-iK.
noDO>KJ-1 TPJ-1 opaTa:
naHKpaT Ha MapaTal
MapaT Ha KoHApaTal
KoHApaT Ha naHKpaTa.

1]~/ 6a 6bl 6o 6~ 6!pa
al6 bll6 ol6 ~16 6!ny/ t
I I I I
6a-pa!H I 6 I
a~p- Y1 3• I I •
6y!KBa
6a-pa !H-Ka 69-p~c; 6 !ny3a
6a-pa-6a!H 6a! p-6a-p~c; 6lny3l KaI • I
690AaH Il9B~Il pb16y ~ Knan·B 6~AOH.
OH YP9H~Il B BOAY 6awMaK. C96aKa
6ypaH TYT KaK TYT. 6ypaH n9ni1bii1 ~
AC?CTan 6awMaK. Cnac~69 , 6ypaH!
a o y bl D M n H p a 6 >K 3 A
r=::== " D K nwc T

<> - [n] ~ Ic K T n w I
6:wo• I
61To• I
6:Ko• I
6:co• I
AY6bl - AYQK~ - AYQ
3y6bl - 3YQK~ - 3YQ
no61-1K - no6•
Ky6~K - KYQ
Y Map~Hbl 6paT 69p~c.
Y .69p~ca Ky6~K~ C 6yKBaM~.
Map~Ha Aana 6paTy
MaW~Hy ~ 6apa6aH.
QHa HaK9PM~na 6Qp~ca.
Map~Ha AQ6pa.
? A Tbl A06p?
• A Tbl AQ6pa?
~ Ha TpaeKy BbiKaT~n~ 6o•K~.
Ha A• p e ee Ha6yon~

CTOn51Pbl
Mbl co CnaeKo~
MacTepa 1
flaAI-1M naBKY
AfiSI ABOpa.
CblnfltOTCSI onl-1fiKI-1
......
1-13-nOA Hawe~-1 nt-1fiKI-1.
A 1-13-nOA py6aHKa
cTpy>KKI-1 I KaK 6apaHKI-1.
Mbl AfiSI naBKI-1
AOCKI-1
nOACK06flt-1M HeMHO>KKO.
BoT roToea cni-1HKa 1
BOT rOTOBbl HO>KKI-1.
TyK-TaK-TOK 1
TYK-TaK-TOK 1
3aCTy'-lafl MOfiOTOK.
~ocu~ BacunescKuu

c1Toln-6btI • I
cl ToIn16I I I •
c• !p-nbt
ce lplnI I
?•
na-py-ea
napyc
a !p-6y-3bl
ap6y~
Kny6Kt-1 y>+<l-1
KflYQOK y>+<
nbl 6o6bt
WH <Hbl 6o6pb1
n~-1 >+<ypaen~-1

'J
I Ql
V1H 'W J
'[H] l)J
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I
Tleoli1 H I"'
Moli1TI B0-111 111-Ko-na •IllI • I I I I
I
clnol i1 A I I I"'
po!i1CI Jl0-1/1 I MI-1-T I p~~t•l-1
I " I I I I I
I
cl BO li1 A· I"'
Aa!~c I BO-J.-1 I H-TO-HI-1• J.1I • I I I I
K a K o i1? K To? 4 To?
1. KpacHbli1 I Kpyonbli1 1 cna.p.K~~ti1 -·
2. Pbi>K~~ti1 1 np np caTbli1 1 nacKQBbli1 -·
3. Po3QBbli11 ';i:Yw~~tcTbli11 ce • >K~~ti1 _.
4. BbiCOK~~ti1 1 cTpoi1Hbli1 I MOilOAOi1 _.
5. MyApb1i11 A06pb1i1 1 cnaBHbli1 _.
{KoTI 6paTI Han~~tTOKI A • AYWKa 1 BOI1K1
ap6y3)
a o y :• BI"M n H p : K : : B ~~

MO
po
TO
niMoI
n!po
KITOI
Ma pa na
ciKinoI I
ciKipoI I
clnlpoI I
oiMIKI I
I I
YIMIK
I I
aiMIK
'Ta na
____., ____., ____., ____., ____.,
Ha ca
Oi1! Oi1! Oi1! Oca! Oca!
MY py ny
KaKoi1?
rp~6Hoi1
3y6Hoi1
KpynHbli1
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c~H~i1
• •
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4T o?
cyn.
nopowoK.
6aKna>KaH.
nnaToK.
6aHT.

rrtr
B caAy· A • A HJ.iKonat:i.
0
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H n9: J.1Ma 1n po: J-1.
Pot:i = e yne t:i.
Y wanawa WapJ.1K.
CnbiWHo na !t:i.
- WapJ.1K1 He nat:i!
KTo? KaKoi1?
-16 I...,
AO 1 -pbll J.1
8J.1TallJ.1i1
AMJ.iTPJ-1~
AHTOH
6 I I I...,
bi-C 1T1 pbll J.1I I I
I I....,
YI M-Hbll J.1I I
I I....,
na-c 1 KO-Bbll J.1I • I
_____.. ----... ----...
~ Py6awKa1 KaTywKa1 oKpowKa1
----... _____.. ----...
noKpb1WKa1 KapTOWKa1 o6JlO)!<Ka1
_____.. ----... _____.. ----...
cTpJ.1)!<KaI CTPY>t<KaI llO)!<KaI HO)!<KaI
_____.. . _____.. _____.. ----...
6ygKaI nogKa1 HJ.iTKaI nllJ.iTKa.

KAK 5I BETEP HAPV1CYI-O
3Ty TY4Y rpo3oeyta
.. ""' .....,..
4epHo~ KpacKo~ Hap~cyta I
.. '"' '"'
conH4e - >KenTo~ ~n~ KpacHo~ 1
"'
pe4KY - C~He~:
3TO SICHO!
HyI a KpacKy B3SITb KaKytO1
ecn~ eeTep Sl p~cyta?
Hap~cyta TaK: BAOilb yn~4
see AepeBbSI
BApyr
np~rHyn~cb. :·e
n~CTbSI Kpy>KaTCSI HaA nano~.
nana rOH~TCSI 3a WJ1SinOJ:1.
111 no~MYT cei14ac >Ke AeT~:
Ha ABOpe cerOAHSI BeTep!
BMranMM 3acnascKMM

rr..____.
[r]
[r']
ro
ra
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r!p.,.
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ry-ct.1
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I
ny-ra - nyr
p Q-ra- por
rpt.1Wa J1 raJlt.1Ha C9 6t.1pai1t.1 rp~6bl.
BAPYf Ha•ana• rp<;>3a. YAapt.1n rpoMI
J1 nOilt.1IlO KaK t.13 . •
- 6b1CTP9 n<;>.q_ C<;>CHy! - n<;>3Balla ra-
Ilt.1Ha.
- n <;>.q. C9 CHOi1 <;>nacH<;>! 6biCTP9 B AO-
Mt.1K CT~>Ka! - Kpt.1KHYI1 rpt.1Wa.
? KTo 6blll npas: rp~ttwa ~ttnl-1 r an~t~Ha?•
aoy-;: B I HMnHp!:a~~~~ ~

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(oKHO)•
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3-Ta 3TJ.1 (n~na)
I
3-TO: T - 3TJ.1 (AOM)
3To Tbl C! T! poa.-1! Il AOMJ.-iK?
3To Tbl HailJ.1Il Kc.?TY M~Ko?
3To Tbl n9-Mbi!Il n9 CYAY?
3To Tbl nOilJ.1Il nO-Ma.-1-AO-pbl?• •
«Tbl I
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~-~~ __....
3Ty Maila.1HY Mbl yTpoM ca>Kana.-1.
__.... ~ __....
3Ty Maila.1HY Mbl nona.1sana.1.
3 a o y bl D IH M n H p H< a A 3 6 r I~H 0 _ w T c n K _
6 Ei)'Kllllpb (pyccK.)
-

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I
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Erop a.-1 Esa nc;>wna.-1 s enoBbl~
TaM p c;>cna.-1 BbiCOKJ.1e ena.-1.
n c;>.g KYCTaMJ.-1 }I{J.1IlJ.1 e>KJ.-1 J.1 AJ.1Ka.1e cc;>6aKJ.1 -
eHOTbl.
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......._/
BJ.1KJ.1.
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CMoTpa.1T cnaAKO COTbl~ coH.
·3 a o y bl 01H M n H pH< a A 3 6 r Ie HO _ w TCnK _

~[3] • [3]
I
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e ----[H] .[ ~]
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Aena neea• •
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•e- He pe ne ce Ae Te
Bbl6~>t<an Ha onywKy neca pbl>t<Jiti1
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Tennyto BOAY. neTOM Mbl naceM KOpOB
Ha nyry.
Moero nany Ha3biBatoT cpepMepoM.
Ka>KAoe yTpo Mbl cAaeM s Mara3~H
MHOrO MOnOKa.
ne~Te Ha 3AOpOBbe!
'•
Ha30B~ 3BYK~ s BbiAeneHHbiX cnosax.

ObiCTpo HacTynaeT se4ep s necy.
TeMHble TeH~ ne>KaT Ha 3eMne. Heno-•
AB~>KHO CTO~T CTapble COCHbl, 4epHetoT
ryCTble pa3nanble en~. naxHeT B n~cy
""' "" ....., "'
cMono~. cocHoso~ xsoe~. onaswe~ n~-
• •
CTBO~. Aan~Ko s n~cy cnbiWeH T<;>p<;>n-...,
n~Bbl~ cTyK A~Tna.
BoT a.-1 cKpblnocb 3a necoM B~4epHee
KpacHoe conHbiWKo. CKopo HacTyn~T
..
TeMHa~ H04b.
n~Cbl a.-1 BOnKa.-1 Bbi~AYT . . . .
A cepeHbK~~ 3a~4~WKa . . . .
no VlaaHy CoKonoay-MMKMTOBy.
? 4TO CKpblnOCb?
KTo Bbi~AeT?
KTo APO>K~T?
•

"" .. ""'
pa3AellJ.1TeJlbHbiJ.1 TBepAbiJ.-1 3HaK
b
pa3be3A
0Tbe3A
Bbe3A
cbexan
Bbexan
o6bexan
Cbe3A
Bbe3A
o6be3A
npo4J.1Tai1 CJlOBa. 8J.1AJ.1Wb 06LJ.J.yi-O
4aCTb B 3TJ.1X CJlOBaX? npo4J.1Tai1 ee B
Ka>KAOi1 KOJlOHKe. C KaKoi1 6yKBbl Ha-
4J.1HaeTCS1 06LJ.J.aS1 4aCTb CJlOB B Ka>KAOi1
KOJlOHKe? npo4J.1Tai1 B Ka>KAOM CJlOBe
TY 4aCTb, KOTopaSJ CTOJ.1T nepeA b. Ha-
30BJ.1 3BYK nepeA b B Ka>KAOM CJlOBe.
4TO 06LJ.J.ee 06 3TJ.1X 3ByKaX MO>KHO
CKa3aTb?
a?. bl y 3 ~ " M n H p 3 A r HC 0 a lllLPIXI
SleHIOe ~ CTKWn ,

5I XOAI.1Il cerOAHSl e none1
caM Ha TpaKTope naxan:
nana Moi1 xopowa.1i11 A06pb1i1 -
noKpyTI.1Tb MHe pynb OH Aan.
VI cKa3ail1 4To6 poe 6biCTpee...
KoH4Y wKonyI 1.1 TOrAa -
...., ...., ....,
CBO~o-1 CTailbHOa-11 MOry41.11.1 TpaKTOp
OH OTAaCT MHe HaecerAa.
6op11c Mypaaei1Ko
nana (K a K 0 i1 ?) ... I • • • •
TpaKTop (KaKoi1?) ... 1 • • • •
TpaKTop (4 To c A en an?) nOAbexan1
OTbexanI Cbexan I ••• I • • • •

KV1EB
V1 senJ.1KJ.1i:11 J-1 npeKpacHbli:1 Haw 4YAeCHbli:1
ropoA KJ.1es! KJ.1es - cTonJ.1u.a Y KpaJ.1Hbl. B
u.eHTpe ropoAa 6onee TbiCSJLIJ-1 neT B03Bbl-
waeTcSJ Cocf::>J.1i:1cKJ.1i:1 co6op. AasHbiM-AaBHO
3AeCb 6blnJ.1 Hane4aTaHbl nepBble KHJ.1rJ.1, co-
6paHa nepsaSJ 6J.16nJ.1oTeKa. Ha 6epery
AHenpa KpacyeTcSJ KJ.1eso-ne4epcKaSJ nas-
pa. nepBble ee MOHaXJ-1 >KJ.1nJ.1 B neL.LJ.epax I
Bb1pb1TbiX B KPYTbiX 6eperax AHenpa. noTo-
M y OHa J-1 Ha3biBaeTCSI ne4epcKaSJ.
rnaBHbiMJ-1 sopoTaMJ-1 B APeBHeM KJ.1eBe
6blnJ.1 3onoTble sopoTa. Kynon u.epKBJ-1
HaA CBOAOM BOpOT J-1 CTBOpKJ-1 BOpOT 6blnJ.1
no3ono4eHHble. 0TctOAa J-1 Ha3saHJ.1e -
3onoTble.
Bee 3To - J.1CTOPJ.1SJ YKpaJ.1Hbl 1 Hawa na-
MSJTb1 Hawa ropAOCTb.
112

?•
A KaKJ.1e J.1HTepecHbte naM~THJ.1KJ.1 J.1CTO-
P"""" ...., KynbTYPbl ecTb e TeoeM cene 1 ro-
poAeI paa::ioHe1 o6nacTJ.1?
8 6yK&1pb (pyCCK.)
113

BECH51HKA
..
nOA MOe OKOWe4K01• •
3acs ~TJ.1 LLJ.~Apee 1
""'
scex corpeJ-1 cK9 pee.
A Y>!< S1CHO conHbiWKO
npJ.1n ~ Kn0 1 npJ.'fn ~ Kno
J-1 nOBCI-OAY 30nOTO
pa3n ~no 1 pa3n ~no .
51CHO COnHbiWKO
ynbl6aeTcS1.
>t<J.'fTO c~nywKoi1
HanJ.1saeTCS1.
4To HY>+<Ho Ka>+<AOMy 4enoseKy?
}f{J;tnbe: KsapTJ.'fpa I AOM.
nJ.'fLLJ.a: MOnOKO I MS1CO I • • • I • • • •
0Ae>+<Aa: KYPTKa I KOCTI-OM I nnaTbe I • • • •
06ysb: canorJ-1 1 Ty¢nJ.11 ... I ••• I ••••
CeMbS1: nana I MaMa I 6paT I cecTpa I • • • •
npo¢ecCJ.1S1: spa4 I BOAJ.1TenbI • • • •
TpaHcnopT: asTo6yc1 caMoneT I ••••
? A LITO eLLJ.e?
•
114

3AnOMHH!
nii1WII1 nPABII1JlbHO
6YKBOC04ETAHI/151:
>t<l--1 I w~--1 - BeerAa e 11 (>K11nl1, wu-
poKMe);
4a I L.U.a - BeerAa e a ( LJacro, LU,a-
senb);
4YI L.LJ.Y - BeerAa e y (LiyAeca,
LU,yKa).
nii1WII1 BCErAA~ KAK CJlbiWII1Wb:
"' "'
yAapHbU-1 rnaeHbla-11 a TaK>t<e Y1 bl
(6ceHb, pb16a, KyKywKa); M, H, p,
n, i1 (MHoro, opXMAe>~, onbxa, coi1Ka);
eornaeHbl~ nepeA rnaeHbiM (ca,g_bl,
rp116b1, cHera); eornaeHbli:1 nepeA M,
H, p, n, i1 (o6pb1B, s3ner).
CnPAWII1BAII1 Y Y4V1TEJ151
0 nPABOnii1CAHII1V1:
6e3yAapHoro rnaeHoro; eornaeHoro
nepeA eornaeHbiM (KpoMe M, H, p, n,
u); eornaeHOrO B KOH4e eJlOBa.
115

116
npt-1wna I paCCblnanacb; KnOKaMI-1
nos1-1cna Ha cyKax Ay6os;
nerna BOnHI-1CTbiMI-1 KOBpaMI-1
""'
cpeAI-1 nonea.-1, BOKpyr xonMOB.
AneKCdHAP nywKI1H
B AeKa6pe, s AeKa6pe
see Aepesb5t B cepe6pe.
0TKpb1BaeM KaneHAapb -
Ha41-1HaeTC51 51HBapb.
CaMy11n MapwaK
3~~tMa eecHa
r
oceHb neTo
~

V1AeT ¢espanb c MeTen5tMJ.1 I
c nyxoBbiMJ-1 noc:ren5~MJ.1 1
co cHe>+<HbiMJ-1 o6sanaMJ.11
c AOPO>+<HbiMJ-1 aspanaMJ-1.
V1AeT I MeTeT no3eMKOI-OI
noMa51 cy4b5t noMKJ.'fe1
see Tponbl 3aMeTai-04J.1
J-1 6enJ.14bJ.11 J-1 3a5~4bJ.1.
MocM~ BacMneBCKMM
117

Bo,4a c rop noTeKna,
HaM secHy npHHecna.
118
Pb1Xnbli:1 cHer TeMHeeT B MapTe,
Tai-OT nbAJ.1HKJ.1 Ha OKHe.
CaMyMn MapwaK
•
Anpenb, anpenb! .
Ha ABOpe 3BeHJ.1T Kanenb.
CaMyMn MapwaK

r
Maii neca HapRJKaeT,
neTO B rOCTH OJKHP,aeT.
nOTEWKA
ConHbiWKo-seApbiWKo!
830i1AJ.1 nocKopei1I
oceeTJ-11 o6orpei1
Ten~T Aa ~rH~T I
ew.e ManeHbKJ.1X pe6~T!
119

120
npa-1wen J.iK>Hb.
«V1K>Hb! V1K>Hb! »
B CaAy w.e6e4yT nTa-1LJ.bl.
CaMyun MapwaK
CeHoKoc a-1AeT s a-11<>ne,
......
rAe-To rpoM sop4a-1T nopoa-1.
CaMyun MapwaK

Co6HpaeM s asrycTe
......
ypo>Kat-1 nilOAOB.
MHoro IltOA51M paAOCTH
nocne scex TPYAOB.
CaMyMn MapwaK
121

3a secHoJ;1, Kpacoi1 np1-1pOAbl,
.....
neTO 3HOJ.1HOe np01-1AeT
1-1 TYMaH 1-1 HenorOAbl
..
oceHb no3AHfiS1 HeceT.
AneKcaHAP nywKHH
122

-... -,
-- -"lr.." -«:::.-,- ...- ~..:.:- .,.
-
fleTo co CHonaMH, oceHb c nuporaMH.
XonoAeH ceHT.R6pb, Aa CbiT.
B OKTst6pe, s OKTs:t6pe
"'
'-laCTbiJ-1 AO>KAJ.iK Ha ABOpe.
CaMyHn MapwaK
B HO.R6pe 3HMa c oceHbiO 6opeTC.R.
123

.QnSI lEX, KYO YMEET LIHTATb
HE TOnbKO nO-PYCCKH
Tapac rp1-1rOpbeBJ.1'-I WeB'-IeHKO - seni-1KJ.1i1
yKpa1-1HCKI-1i1 no3T. Ero npo1-13BeAeHI-1SI nepe-
BeAeHbl Ha MHOrl-1e S13biKJ.1. V1x '-IJ.1TatOT J.1
3HatOT BO BCeM M1-1pe.
TOnOJlb
XoAJ.1T seTep no Ay6paBe 1
no nontO rynS~eT I
......
y AOpOrl-1 TOHKI-11-1 TOnOnb
AO 3eMnl-1 cra.16aeT.
rHeTCSI Tononb OAJ.1HOKI-1i1 I
KnOHJ.1TCSI nOKOpHo;
KpyroM none1 TO'-IHO Mope .....-.:
w1-1poKo 1 npocTopHo.
124

Te'-leT soAa oT s:~sopa
SlpOM Ha AOIU1HY.
KpacyeTcst HaA BOAOtO
KpacHast Kani-1Ha ...
TOnOn51
no Ai6posi siTep BJ.-1£ I
ryns.e: no nontO I
....,
Kpaa-1 AOporl-1 rHe TonontO
AO CaMoro AOny.
CTaH BI-1COKI-1~ 1 n1-1cT w1-1poKI-1~
HaLLJ.o 3eneHie:?
KpyroM none1 stK Te Mope
.
w1-1poKe 1 CI-1HI£.
Te'-le BOAa 3-niA s.sopa
SlpoM Ha AOni-1HY.
n1-1wa£TbCSI HaA BOAOtO
LlepsoHa Kani-1Ha ...
125

Apy>t<oK, Tbl BbiY'-11-1n see 6yKBbl 1-1
yMeewb '-II-1TaTb. Ceii'-lac Mbl nposeAeM
l-1ccneAOBaHJ.1e. 6yAb BHI-1MaTeneH! ·
1. npo'-11-1Tai1 cnoso CaAbl. Mbl '-leTKO
cnbiWJ.1M B enore -Abl 3BYK [A]. A Tbl?
06paTJ.1 BHJ.1MaHJ.1e Ha 6yKBY1 KOTO-
....,
pa.s~ CTOJ.1T nocne A, 1-1 noAyMal-1, no'-leMy
3BYK (A] npo1-13HOCJ.1M '-leTKO.
2. npo'-1J.1Tai1 cnosa: CTOfl6bl1 cpep,a 1
HOJKI-1 I cnosaI Hora I cne3a.
111ccneAyi1 np01-13HOWeHI-1e 3BYKOB,
o603Ha'-leHHbiX BbiAeneHHbiMJ.-1 6yKBaMJ.1.
LJeTKo n~-1 Tbl npo1-13Hocl-1n 3BYKI-1 [ 6], [ s],
(r], (A], (3], (>t<]? no'-leMy?
6yneM rosop1-1Tb TaK:
_ 3soHKI-1e cornaCHble [6], [s], [r], [A],
(>t<], (3] nepeA rnaCHbiMI-1 HaXOASITCSI B
...., ..
Cl-1nbHOJ.1 no31-1U.I-11-1, npo1-13HOC.s~Tc.s~ '-leTKo.
TaKoe nono>KeHJ.1e 3ByKa Mbl 6yAeM
o6o3Ha'-laTb 3HaKoM + (nntec):
MOp03bl
+
126
+
Kpyru
+

'•
?•
111ccneAyi1 cnosa nepsoro npeAflO>KeHI-is:t
CTJ.1XOTBopeHJ.1s:t «8ecHs:tHKa» Ha c. 114. Ha-
30BJ.1 cornaCHble1 KoTopble HaXOAs:tTCs:t s
~
CJ.iflbHOI-1 n03J.1U.J.1J.1.
8 KaKOH n03J.1U.J.1J.1 HaXOASITCSI cornaCHble
nepeA [M] 1 [H] 1 [p] 1 [n] B cnosax Kpyr-
flbli1, Tpaaa, >KHeLJ,bl, 3Me>l? Mo>KHO ce6s:~
nposep1-1Tb Ha c. 115.
OonAKO
06naK0 1
o6naKol
6enas:t noAywKal
He no>KJ.1Cb Tbl 1 o6naKo 1
COflHbiWKY nOA ywKo!
ConHbiWKo 3a>KMypHTCJI -
s:tCHbiH AeHb HaxMyp1-1Tcs:~.
Banepui1fleaaHoBCKMi1
?•
8 KaKOH n03J.1U.J.1J.1 HaXOASITCSI 3BOHKJ.1e
cornaCHble s BbiAeneHHbiX cnosax? no-
'-leMy?
127

4YAO-nOMOW.HV1KV1
4To 3a ~YAO-Ben~KaH?
T.s~HeT pyKy K o6naKaM1
3aH~MaeTc.s~ TPYAOM:
noMoraeT CTpo~Tb AOM.
3eMnst APO>K~TI c~na~ 6e>K~T.
T.s~HeT OH 3a co6oii
...... ......
XBOCT orpOMHbl~ 1 CTaflbHO~.
YA~B~TenbHblii saraH!
nocyA~Te CaM~:
penbCbl B B03AyXe1 a OH
AepH<HT ~x pyKaM~.
OscoM He KopM.s~T 1
KHYTOM He roH.s~T I
a KaK naweT-
ceMb nnyros TaL4~T.
fAe TaK 6biBaeT:
~enoseK CTO~T 1
necTH~u.a waraeT?
,
l
! ,.. .....j, t.; ;":!J1 ,. ·-- ... ..
t • f'! I
. • 1 ~ • t..:..u ,
l [ .I ~ !··'
?•
8 KaKoii rl03~U.~J.1 HaXOA.siTC.sl 3BOHK~e CO-
rnaCHble B BbiAeneHHbiX enosax?
128

()-wr nOMOW,HIIIKIII B HAWEM AOME
5I rops.'lee xpaHtO I
st xonoAHOe xpaHtO I
st 1-1 nel.fb1 ~ xonoAHnbH~K
BaM B nOXOAe 3aMeHtO.
rAe npowen - TaM nblnH HeTI
rlblnb ~ cop - ero o6eA.
nonte6yi1CSI1 nOCMOTpH -
nontOe cesepHblii BHYTPH!
TaM csepKaeT CHer J.1 neAl
TaM CaMa 3HMa >KHBeT.
4epe3 none 1-1 necoK
noAaeTcst ronocoK.
OH 6e>KHT no nposoAaM
CKa>KeT 3AeCb1 a CnbiWHO TaM.
4yAO-SIW.HK - B HeM OKH01
B TOM OKOWe'IKe - KHHO.
I
L # p.
? B KaKoii no3HU.HH HaXOAstTcst rnacHble
• s BbiAeneHHbiX cnosax?
9 6yKBapb {pyccK.)
129

Apy>t<oK, nposeAeM J.1CcneAoBaHJ.1e.
npo~J.1Tai1 cnoso Ay6. Ha30BI-1 3BYKJ.1 B
3TOM cnose. KaKoi1 Tbl cnbiWJ.1Wb nocneA-
HJ.1i1 3ByK? Ha30BJ.1 6yKsy, KOTopoi1 o6o-
3Ha~eH 3TOT 3BYK.
npo~J.1Tai1 cnoso rpu6KJ1. Ha30BJ.1 3By-
KJ.1 s 3TOM cnose. Mbl cnbiWI-1M nepeA [K]
3BYK [n]. A Tbl?
Ha30BJ.1 3BYKJ.1 s cnosax cKa3Ka, HO>K-
Ka, no,{1Ka, AY6KM, KOTOpble o6o3Ha~eHbl
6yKsaMJ.1 3, >K, A, 6.
A Tenepb Ha3os~ 3BYK~, o6o3Ha~eH
Hble 3T~M~ >Ke 6yKsaM~, s cnosax cKa-
30LIKa, HO>KeHbKa, noAOLIKa, Ay6oLieK.
no~eMy Tbl Ha3Ban pa3Hble 3BYK~? 06-
paT~ BH~MaH~e Ha 6yKsy, KOTopaSI
CTO~T nocne 3, >K, A, 6.
Y KOTa-BOpKOTa
wepCTKa - 6apxaT-MSirKOTa,
rna3KH C ~CKOpKaM~,
ywK~ C K~CTO~KaM~.
EneHa EnarMHUHa
' l/1ccneAyi1 np01-13HOWeHI-1e 3BOHK~X CO-
• rnaCHbiX 3BYKOB B BbiAeneHHbiX cnosax.
130

Apy>+<oKI 6yAeM roaopt-1Tb TaK:
3aoHKI-1e cornacHble [6] I [a] I [ r] I [A]I
[>K]1 [ 3] B KOHU.e 1-1 B cepeAt-1He CilOBa ne-
peA filYXI-iMI-1 HaXOASITCSI B cna6oi1 n0311-
U,J111. OHI-1 CilbiWaTcSJ KaK napHble rnyx1-1e
[n] 1 [cp] 1 [K] 1 [T] 1 [w]1 [c].
6yKBbl, o603Ha"'aiO~qHe 3BYKH B cna-
OOH no3H1.1HH, Ha3biBaiOTCSI op4JorpaM-
MOH. OpcporpaMMY a cnoae 6yAeM
o603Ha4aTb 3HaKOM _ (nOA4epK1-1BaTb):
no61 MOp031 rpu6.
Ecna-1 Tbl 3aTPYAHSJeWbCSI a Hanl-icaHI-11-1
OTAeilbHbiX cnOB1 cnp oca-1 y Y41-1TenSJ! A ec-
Ill-1 yMeewb1 To npoaepSI~ ce6SJ caM!
>t<enaeM yAaYt-1!
516noKo cnenoeI KpacHo e I cnaAKOe I
SJ6IlOKO xpycTKOel C KO>K1-1U.e~ rnaAKOH.
516noKo SJ nononaM pa3IlOMilto1
SJ6noKo c ApyroM cao1-1M pa3Aento.
5/KOB AKMM
' nonpo6y~ tia~TI-1 1-1 npoaept-1Tb opcpo-
• rpaMMbl a BbiAeileHHbiX cnoaax. Ecna-1
..., ..
Tbl 3aTpyAHS1eWbCSI1 np041-1Tal-1 e w.e pa3
1-iCCileAOBaHI-ie Ha C. 130.
131

POAvtHA/
/ PoAs.-iHa - 3TO MaMa, nana, cecTpa,
6paT, 6a6ywKa, coceAs.-1, APY3bSI. ~ nte6nte
CBOtO POAs.-iHY! I
PoAs.-iHa - 3To Haw AOM, Hawa yns.-1u.a,
Haw ropoA, Hawa YKpas.-iHa.
PoAs.-iHa - 3To Hawa peKa, Haw nee, Ha-
we Mope, Haws.-i non.s1 s.-1 o3epa. ~ 6epery
CBOtO POA~~tHy.
y Kpa~~tHa - 3TO KapnaTbl lit nonecbeI
KpbiM s.-1 CTens.-1 XepCOHUJ.IItHbl I np~~tAHenpo
Bbe ~~t AoH6acc.
YKpas.-iHa - 3TO K~~tes ~~t XapbKOB, IlbBOB
~~t IlyraHcK, CyMbl ~~t 0Aecca, 4epH~~tros ~~t
B~~tHHI-iU.a.
YKpa~~tHa - 3TO ropOAa 1;1 cena, 3TO ntO-
A~~t-Tpy>KeHI-iKI-1, KoTopble TYT >KI-iBYT.
~ rop>Kycb csoea:i PoA!-1Hoa:1 - YKpa!-1Hoa:1.
132

HAWA nilAHETA
EcTb OAHa nnaHeTa-caA
B 3TOM KOCMOCe XOnOAHOM.
TonbKO 3AeCb neea wyMSIT,
..
nTI-1U. cKni-1KaSI nepeneTHbiX.
.. ...,
naHAbiWI-1 s Tpase 3eneHol-1,
1-1 cTpeK03bl TOnbKO TYT
..
s peLtKY cMoTp51T YAI-1BneHHo.
oepera-1 CBOtO nnaHeTy - .
seAb Apyroi1, noxo>t<ei1, HeTy!
51KOB AKUM
oeperl-1 3eMntO POAI-1MytO, KaK MaTb
nt061-1Myte.
KTo POAI-1HY nt061-1T, TOMY oHa s AOnry
He 6yAeT.
noA OKHOM U.BeTeT Kani-1Ha,
B CI-1HeM He6e COnHu.e CBeTa.-iT.
Tbl KaK MaTb HaM, YKpaa.-iHa,
LITO AOpo>Ke scex Ha cseTe.
VfaaH 61-1n&1i1
133

HE TOnbKO nO-PYCCKH
BbtAatOW.~~t~CSI CbiH yKpa~~tHcKoro HapoAa
~BaH ~KOBneBIIt~ CbpaHKO n~~tcan He TOnbKO
......
AnSI B3pocnbtxI HO ~~t AnSI AeTe~~t.
MHoro ero cKa30K1 paccKa3oB Tbl npo~t-1-
......
Taewb Ha ypoKax yKpa~~tHCKO~~t n~~tTepaTypbt.
134
BECH~HKA
fpeeT conHbiWKo!
Ynbt6aeTCSI He6o SICHoe1
pa3nt.1BaeTCSI neCHSI >KaBOpOHKa1
yTonaSI TaM1 s 6e3AHe-nponacT~~t
se~Ho c~~tHero oKeaHa-He6a ...

f pie: COHe4KO!
YcMixae:TbCSI He6o SICHee:,
. "'
A3BOHJ.1Tb naceHbKY >KaJ.1eopoH040K,
3aTOHYBWJ.1 AeCb B 6e3AHi-rny6iHi
Kp1-1wTaneeoro oKeaHy-He6a •..
135

npoLti-1Tai1 cnoso 3y6&1.
Ha30BI-1 6yKsy1 KOTopa51 CTOI-1T nocne 6.
KaKot:i 3BYK o6o3HaLtaeT 6yKsa 6?
Tenepb npoLti-1Tat:i cnoso 3y6KH.
Ha30BI-1 6yKsy, KOTopa51 CTOI-1T nocne 6.
KaKot:i 3BYK Tenepb o6o3HaLtaeT 6yK-
sa 6? noLteMy?
Ecn~--1 Te6e TPYAHO OTBeTI--iTb Ha 3TOT
.....,
sonpoc1 npoLtl--iTat.-1 1--iccneAOBaHI--ie Ha
c. 131 .
BcnoMHI-1 ew.e cnosa 1 s KOTopbiX co-
....,
ceAHI-11-1 3BYK cnpasa snt-151eT Ha npeAbl-
...., ...., ....,
AYW.I-11-1 3BOHKI.11-1 cornacHbll-1 1-1 oH npo1-13-
HOCI-1TC51 KaK rnyxot:i. HaHAJ.-1 TaKI--ie cnosa
s paccKa3e Ha c. 99.
A ecn~-1 coceAHI-1H 3BYK cnpasa - rna-
CHbl.:i?
A ecnJ.-1 - [M]1 [H] 1 [p], [n]?
CAenaH BbiBOAbl.
136

E>t<-noPTHOI/1
B MacTepcKo~ csoe~ necHo~
..
WbeT KOCTtOMbl
.. "
e>K-nopTHOI-1.
Mo>KeT e>KIIIK 1;1 y sac
Ha KOCTtOM
np~~tH51Tb 3aKa3.
BeAb ~~tronoK,
BeAb ~~tronoK
y e>Ka 6onbwo~ 3anac.
TonbKO 3Ha~Te:
.. "
e>K-nopTHOI-1
B BOCKpeceHbe BbiXOAHO~!
AneKCaHp,p bpOP,CK11M
BcTpeLian n~~t Tbl TaKoro e>K~~tKa B 6yKsape?
0TKpo~ c. 31 1-1 cpasH~~t coAep>KaH~~te ~~tn
ntecTpau.~~t~~t 1-1 cT~~txoTsopeHI-151. EcTb Me>KAY
HI-1MI-1 LITO-HI-16yAb o6w.ee?
KTo s nyw~~tcTo~ pbi>Ke~ wy6Ke
6poc1-1n c Aepesa cKopnynKy?
YraAanl-1, LlbSI npoAenKa?
Y AYnna xnonoLieT . . . (Kean6).
b3na 5enosa
137

M051 CEMb51
(PaccKa3biBaeT AeB04Ka On~)
Mbl >Ks.-iBeM e YKpas.-iHe. Hawa ceMb~ co-
CTOs.-iT s.-13 Tpex YenoeeK. CbaMs.-1ns.-1~ Hawa Me-
wanKs.-iHbl.
Moero oTu.a 30BYT AneKcaHAP t-OpbeBs.-14.
MotO MaMy- 3op~Ha fps.-iropbeeHa. 5I- Onb-
ra AneKcaHAPOBHa. Bee 30BYT MeH~ Onei1.
Hawa ceMb~ >Ks.-iBeT APY>KHO.
nopa3MbiWn~eM
?•
'•
138
rAe Tbl >Ks.-iBewb? CKOnbKO l.fenoeeK B ea-
wei1 ceMbe? KaK TBOSI cpaMs.-1ns.-1~? KaK
30BYT TBOs.-iX pOAs.-iTenei1?
CocTaBb paccKa3 o ceoei1 ceMbe, s.-iC-
nonb3Y~ paccKa3 AeB04Ks.-i Ons.-1 KaK o6-
pa3eu..

'•
POAOCJ10BHA51
AEB04KV1 OJ1V1 MEWAJ1KV1HOII1
Jl~~tHI-151 OTL.J.a
AneKcaHApa
I-OpbeB~~t4a
Jl~~tHI-151 MaTep~~t
3op51Hbl
f p~~trOpbeBHbl
CocTaBb ceotO poAocnoeHyto e cpopMe
Ta6n~~tU.bl (KaK y On~~t). 3anonHI-1 ee IIIMe-
HaMI-1 CBOIIIX npeAKOB.
139

CbiHOBb51
>+<~syT e K~eee EKaTep~Ha ~ M~xa~n . V1
eeTb y H~X ABa ebiHa no cpaM~n~~ np~w.e
na. CTapw~i1 - BnaA~M~p, MnaAw~i1 -
Ceprei1.
roeop~n~ POA~Ten~:
- Haw~ ABa ebiHa, KaK Haw~ ABa rna3a.
Haw~ ebiHOBbSl, KaK Haw~ ABe pyK~.
He yeTaeaSl, TPYA~n~eb pyK~ EKaTep~Hbl
~ M~xa~na. bbln~ e ~x AOMe AOeTaTOK ~
..,
nOKO~.
npowno MHOrO neT. Bblpoen~ ebiHOBbSI.
noeTapen~ ~X POA~Ten~. 0LteHb yeTan~ ~X
pyK~ ~ rna3a.
Y>Ke o poA~TenSlx 3a6oTS1TeS1 ebiHOBbSI.
Ceprei1 - ~H>KeHep, MaeTep Ha see pyK~.
BnaA~M~p - Mai1op Boopy>KeHHbiX c~n YK-
pat~tHbl. BHyK~ AneKeei1 ~ KaTtOwa np~e3-
>KatOT e roeT~ K 6a6ywKe ~ AeAywKe. 4ae-
ro BeTpeLtatOTeSI 6paTbSI B AOMe eBO~X po-
..,
A~Tene"".
YA~BnSltOTeSI eoeeA~:
- MHoro neT 3HaeM EKaTep~HY ~ Mt~txa-
..
~na, a OH~ see TaK~e >Ke e~nbHble ~ Mono-
Able. noLteMy?
140

nopa3MbiWnsteM
LfeMy YAJ.iBnsttOTCst coceAJ.i?
KaKJ.ie CbiHOBbst y EKaTepJ.1Hbl J.-1 MJ.1xaJ.1na?
KaK J.1X cpaMJ.1nJ.1st?
KaK cpaMJ.1nJ.1st J.1X BHyKos?
KaKJ.1MJ.1 ntOAbMJ.-1 xoTJ.1Te cTaTb Bbl?
noYeMy TaK Ha3biBaeTCSI paCCKa3?
rAe nt060Bb J.-1 COBeT I TaM A06po J.-1 CBeT.
141

MHoro npoJ.13BeAeHJ.1t:i Ans:t B3pocnbiX J.1
AeTet:i HanJ.1can senJ.1KJ.1t:i pyccKJ.1t:i no3T AneK-
caHAP CepreeBJ.iY nywKJ.iH. BeeMy MJ.iPY J.-13-
BeCTHbl ero 3aMeYaTenbHble CKa3KJ.1. npoYJ.-1-
"'
TaJ.-1 OAHY J.-13 HJ.1X.
142
CKA3KA 0 PbloAKE V1 PbloKE
(0rpb1BOK)
}t(J.in CTapJ.1K CO CBOetO CTapyxot:i
y caMo r o CJ.1Hero Mops:t;
"'
OHJ.-1 >KJ.inJ.-1 B BeTXOJ.-1 3eMns:JHKe
posHo TPJ.iAU.aTb neT 1-1 TPJ.-1 roAa .
CTapJ.1K nosJ.in HeBOAOM pb16 y,
cTapy xa nps:tna csote nps:t>+<y.

•• 'V'
npJ.1wen HeBOA C OAHOtO TlltHOJ-1.
OH B Apyroi1 pa3 3aKJ.1Hyn HeBOA, -
•• 'V'
npJ.1wen HeBOA C TpaBOJ-1 MOpCKOtO.
B TpeTJ.1i1 pa3 3aKJ.1Hyn OH HeBOA, -
npJ.1wen HeBOA c OAHOtO pb16Koi1,
C HenpOCTOtO pb16Koi1 - 30nOTOtO.
' npo'-1J.1Tai1 CKa3KY B Knacce J.1nl-1 AOMa AO
• KOHLJ.a.
? LfeMy Y'-~J.1T 3Ta cKa3Ka? LfTo nory6J.1no He-
• HaCbiTHYtO CTapyxy?
143

Apy>+<oKI nposeAeM HccneAOBaHHe.
nocnywa~ I KaK npOJ.13HOCJ.1TCS1 cnoso B0-
1
Aa. Ha30BJ.1 3BYKJ.11 KOTOpble Tbl cnbiWHWb
a 3TOM cnose. 8 KaKOM cnore rnacHbiJ:1
YAapHbl~?
3HaYJ.1TI rnacHbl~_ B. nepsoM cnore - 6e3-
YAapHbl~. DYAb BHJ.1MaTeneH npJ.1 HanJ.1-
caHJ.1J.1 6e3yAapHbiX rnaCHbiX: OHH HaXO-
AfiTCfl B cna6oJ:1 no3J.1U.J.1H. 3To opct»o-
rpaMMa. Ee HY>KHo nposeps:tTb. l.JJ.1TaJ:1
HJ.i>Ke npJ.1Mepb1:
144
I I I
MOpR neea• LfaC&I
•I
Mope nee Lfac
AoraAancs:t1 KaK nposepJ.1nJ.1 6yKBbl a
6e3yAapHbiX cnorax?
nposepb 6e3yAapHble rnaCHble B
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nOAYepKHYTbiX enosax.

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5I KpblnaTblt:i, Sl MOXHaTbiH, 30nOTHCTbiH,
nonocaTbiH, HaA nymat:iKotO Kpy>+<y, 3BOH-
Ko, aeceno >+<y>+<>+<y.
'•
nepenJ.1WJ.1 3araAKy. OnpeAenJ.-1 B BbiAe-
neHHbiX cnoaax yAapeHJ.1e •
V1ccneAyi1 npoJ.13HOWeHJ.1e
rnaCHbiX B 3TJ.1X cnoaax. 8
U.J.1J.1 OHJ.-1 HaXOASITCSI?
nOYLfV1TEJlbHbiE COBETbl
Y sama~ CBOJ.1X pOAJ.1Tene~, YLIJ.1Tenet:i 111
cTapwJ.1x. KorAa roaopSIT cTapw1-1e, cnywa~
BHJ.1MaTenbHO J.1 He nepe6J.1aat:i. To, LITO
B3Sin B3a~Mbl, OTAa~; TO, LITO o6ew.an, Bbl-
nonHJ.-1; 3a TO, LITO nonyLIJ.1n 6ecnnaTHO,
6naroAapJ.1.
Ao6pb1t:i coseT Ha npJ.1MeTKY 6epJ.1.
>t<anet:i OTU.a c MaTepbtO, APYfJ.1X He
HaJ.1AeWb.
noLIJ.1Tai1 YLIJ.1TenSI, KaK caoero pOAJ.1TenSI.
JO nyxBapL (pyCCK.)
145

. nEB 111 MbiWb
nee cnaAKO cnan. BApyr no ero Teny
npo6emana MbiWb. OH npocHyncst J.1 noii-
Man ee. MbiWb CTana npOCJ.1TbCSI:
- 0TnycTJ.1 MeHst 1 J.1 st Te6st noMJ.1nyta.
nee 3aCMeSIJ1CSI 1 LITO MbiWb o6ew.ana
..
eMy MJ.inOCTb1 HO oTnycTJ.in ee.
noTOM OXOTHJ.1KJ.1 noiiMallJ.-1 JlbBa J.1 npJ.1BSI-
3aJ1J.1 ero eepeeKoii K Aepeey. MbiWb ycnbl-
xana J1bBJ.1Hbli1 pee1 npJ.16emana J.1 neperpb13-
na eepeeKy. nee o6paAOBaJ1CSI J.1 CKa3an:
- He AYMan st 1 LITO OT MbiWJ.-1 MO>KeT
6b1Tb MJ.illOCTb. A Tenepb eJ.i>KY 1 LITO J.1 OT
ManeHbKoro MO>KeT 6b1Tb 6onbwast nonb3a.
flea Toncroi1
146

BECEnASI CTPAHH"'KA
nPO 513biK V1 HOC
Y KaTJ.-1 ABa rna3a 1 ABa yxal ABe PYKJ.-11
ABe HOrJ.-1 I a st3b1K OAJ.1H a..1 Hoc OAJ.1H.
- CKa>KJ.11 6a6ywKa1 no'-leMy 3TO y MeHst
BCero no ABa 1 a Sl3b1K OAJ.iH J.1 HOC OAJ.iH? -
cnpocJ.1na KaTst 6a6ywKy.
- A noToMy 1 MJ.inast BHYYKa 1 - OTBeYaeT
6a6ywKa1 - YT06bl Tbl 6onbwe BJ.1Aena 1
6onbwe cnb1Wana1 6onbwe Aenana 1 6onbwe
XOAJ.1Ila. Ho MeHbWe 6onTana J.1 CBoJ:i KypHo-
'V'
CbiJ.-1 HOC KyAa He HaAO He COBana .
BoT1 oKa3biBaeTcst1 noYeMy st3biKOB J.1 HO-
cos 6biBaeT TOnbKO no OAHOMy. 51CHO?
no EareHI110 nepMRKY
147

AnSI lEX, KYO YMEET liHTATb
HE TOnbKO nO-PYCCKH
Jlecst YKpaJ.'fHKa - BbiAatew.astcst yKpaJ.'fH-
CKast no3Tecca. Ee npoJ.13BeAeHJ.1st nte6stT
..
AeTJ.i J.-1 B3pOCJlble; J.iX YlltTatOT BO BCeM MJ.ipe
Ha pa3HbiX st3b1Kax. BoT KaK oHa ecnoMJ.iHa-
eT o ce6e.
148
Y naAeWb, 6b1Bano, a AeTCTBe,
pyKJ.-1, no6, KoneHKJ.-1 paHJ.iWb, -
xoTb AO cepAu.a 6onb AOXOAJ.iT,
a nOMOPW.J.iWbCSI J.-1 BCTaHeWb.
«LITO, 60J1J.1T?» - 60JlbWJ.ie cnpOCSIT.
TonbKO st He np~~t3Haeanacb.
5I 6b1na AeBYOHKO~ ropAo~,
YTo6 He nnaKaTb, st CMestnacb.

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51K A'-1TJ.1HOtO I 6ysano I
ynaAy co6i Ha nJ.1X01
TO xoY a cepu.e 6inb AOXOAJ.iB I
s:t co6i scTasana TJ.iXO.
«Ll..J.o1 6onJ.1Tb?» - MeHe nJ.iTanJ-1 1
ane s:t He npJ.13Hasanacb -
s:t 6yna Manote ropAal -
w.o6 He nnaKaTb1 s:t cMis:tnacb.
npaBAa I M y>t<eCTBeHHOJ:1 AeB04KOJ:1 6bl-
na ManeHbKas:t Jlecs:t?
A Tbl KaK nocTynaewb a nOA06HbiX
cnyYas:tx?
149

Apy>KoK, nposeAeM HccneAOBaHJ.1e..
1. npoYJ.1TaJ:i cnosa:
I I I
BOAbl- BOAa
•
K OT- K OTbl
•
I I
CTOfl - CTOflbl A OM -· A OMa
• •
8 KaKJ.1X cnosax 6yKsa o o6o3HaYaeT
3BYK [a]? noYeMy? Tbl nposepJ.1Wb ce-
6SI, ecnH npOYJ.1TaeWb TeKCT Ha C. 144.
2. npoYHTaJ:i CflOBa:
HO>KM - HO>K
•
no>KeLfKa - no>KKa
•
B03bl - 803 - B03K11. ..
rna3a - rna3 - rna3KM
• •
8 KaK-J.1X cnosax 6yKsa >K o6o3HaYaeT
3BYK [>K], a B KaKHX - 3BYK [w]? 8 KaKHX
cnosax 6yKsa 3 o6o3HaYaeT 3BYK [ 3], a a
KaKHX - 3BYK [ C]? noYeMy?
nposepb ce6SI, npOYJ.1TaB HCCfleAOBa-
HJ.ie Ha c. 130 - 131 .
EcnJ.-1 Tbl nposen J.1ccneAOBaHJ.1e npa-
BHnbHO, nyTb B CTpaHy 3HaHH.:i AflSI Te6SI
OTKpbiT.
150

60rATbllll YPO>t<AIII
'•
Ao6poe cnoeo
CKa>KeWb OAHO -
J.1 A06pOTbl
noceewb 3epHo .
A o6poe Aeno
CAenaewb Tbl -
TO>+<e noceewb
3epHo A06poTbl.
3epHa TaKI-1e -
nOMHJ-1 J.1 3HaJ:1! -
caMbli:i 6oraTbli:i
..,
AatOT ypo>+<al-1.
51KOB AKI1M
CpaBHI-1 COAep>+<aHJ.1e 3Toro CTJ.1XOTBope-
HJ.1S1 C COAep>KaHJ.1eM TeKCTa Ha C. 73.
4To Me>+<AY HJ.1MJ.1 o6w.ero?
Ha30BJ.1 B cnoeax CTJ.1XOTBopeHJ.1S1 3BOH-
KJ.1e cornaCHble, KOTOpble HaXOAS1TCS1 B
..,
CJ.1IlbHOJ.1 n03J.1U.J.1J.1.
nnoxo TOMy I KTO A06pa He TB0p1-1T
HJ.1KOMY.
151

HE06bi4Hbllll nEWEXOA
- KTo no yrn1l..J.e 1;1AeT?
- Heo6biLIHbiH newexoA.
Y Hero nS1TbCOT J;fMeH:
Ha 3aBOAe MaCTep OH,
s S1CI1S1X OH - pOAJ;fTeilb,
B KJ;fHOTeaTpe - 3pJ;fTeilb,
..
a np1;1Wei1 Ha CTaAJ;fOH
1;1 y>t<e 6onenbW.J;fK oH.
OH KOMy-TO CbiH J;f BHYK,
AflS1 KOrO-TO 6JlJ;f3KJ;fH Apyr,
OH - MeLITaTeilb B AHJ;f BeCHbl,
.., ..,
OH BOeHHbiJ;f B AHJ;f BOJ;fHbl.
111 scerAa, se3Ae 1;1 BCIOAY
rpa>KAaHJ;fH CBOeH CTpaHbl.
PoMaH Cecp

Apy>+<OK 1 BblnOilHJ.1 pa6oTy caMOCTO-
SlTeilbHO.
1. BcnoMHJ.1:
KorAa rnaCHble 3BYKJ.1 6biBatOT B cna-
6oi1 I a KorAa - B CJ.1IlbHOi1 no3J.1U.J.1J.1?
KorAa 3BOHKJ.1e cornaCHble 6biBatOT B
CJ.1IlbHoi1 1 a KorAa - e cna6oi1 no3J.1U.J.1J.1?
DbiBatOT 11a.1 B cna6oi1 no3J.1U.J.1J.1 [ M] I [ H] I
[p]~ [n]?
2. nepenJ.1WJ.1 CilOBa: npyA - npyAbl,
CTOr - CTOra, CKa3aTb - CKa3Ka.
OnpeAei1J.1 no3J.1U.J.1tO ecex 3BYKOB B 3TJ.1X
CilOBax. 06o3Ha4b ee 3HaKaMJ.1 +I -.
3. noKa>KJ.1 CBOIO pa6oTy Y4J.1TeiltO I Ma-
Mel nane.
Ecna.1 see BblnonHeHo npaBJ.1IlbHo I Tbl
y Meewb YYJ.1TbCS1.
Mbl paAbl 3a Te6s:~. YAa4J.1 Te6e I APY-
>+<oK!
153

6YKBAPb 111 KH111>t<KA
CTo~na Ha nonKe HoBeHbKa~ KH~~Ka ~
OLieHb XOTena, LIT06bl ee npOLI~Tan~ AeT~.
Ho H~KTO ee He 6pan B PYK~ . .[J.eT~ ew.e He
y Men~ LI~TaTb.
Ho BOT LITO-TO 3awenecTeno, ~ KH~>KKa
y s~Aena, KaK Ha nonKy nOAH~MaeTc~ KaKa~
~o Apyra~ KH~ra. 3To 6bln 6yKsapb.
- 3ApaBCTByH, HOBeHbKa~! - CKa3an oyK-
sapb. - Te6~ np~rnawatOT Ha npa3AH~K.
- A KaKoi1 cerOAH~ npa3AH~K? - cnpoc~
na KH~~Ka.
- Pa3Be Tbl He 3Haewb? npoBOAbl 6yK-
sap~.
- Tbl KyAa-To ye3>Kaewb?
- HeT. npoCTO ~ CAenan csoe Aeno - Ha-
YY~n pe6~T Y~TaTb. BoT Tenepb ~ ycTynatO
MeCTO Te6e ~ Apyr~M KH~~KaM. He seK ~e
AeT~M Y~TaTb «Ma», «My», «Wa», «w.y».
- Cnac~6o, M~nbiH 6yKsapb!
- He CTO~T 6naroAapHOCT~. PaccKa~~
..
MO~M nepBOKnaCCH~KaM npo BCe Ha CBeTe.
51 BeAb He Mory 3TO CAenaTb - ~ TOnbKO oy-
KBapb.
6yKsapb noMor KH~~Ke cnycT~TbC~ c
..
nonK~, ~ OH~ BABOeM BbiWn~ K AeT~M.
- np~sen! - seceno CKa3an oyKsapb.
154

- npow.ai11 oyKBapb 1 Mbl Te6S1 HJ.1KOrAa
He 3a6yAeM! - 3aKpa.1L1ailJ.1 AeTJ-1. - A Tbll
KHJ.1>+<Ka 1 no>+<anyi1cTa 1 paccKa3biBai1.
KHJ.1>+<Ka 3awenecTena CTpaHJ.1U.aMJ.1 a-1 Ha-
Liana paccKa3biBaTb.
no EneHe J1nbi1HOH
Tbl B ceoi1 .6yKeapb
enepBble BHJ.1K I
LIJ.1TaS1 no CKilaAaM.
noTOM npOLITeWb Tbl
COTHJ.1 KHJ.1r
( K C03HaTeilbHbiM rOAaM) .
VI Tbl noi1MeWb -
6e3 6yKeapS1
BCS1 >KJ.13Hb TBOS1
npowna 6bl 3pS1!
IOp11i1 KopHHeu,
155

CTPAHioiU.A AnSI B3POCnbiX
YBA>KAEMbiE YYII1TEJ151 111 PO,IJ,111TEJ1111!
B nepHOA eTaHoeneHHSI yKpaHHeKoi1 HaU,HOHanbHoi1 WKOnbl B03HHKaiOT npo6ne-
Mbl, eBSI3aHHble e H3yLieHHeM He TOnbKO yKpaHHeKOrO nHTepaTypHOrO S13b1Ka, HO H
pyeeKoro. 0THOeSieb K enaBSIHeKOi1 rpynne Sl3biKOB, cpyHKU,HOHHpySI AOnroe BpeMSI
napannenbHO, 3TH Sl3b1KH BnHSinH Apyr Ha Apyra, BO MHOrHX enyLiaSIX aeeHMHnHpO-
eanHeb, LITO OKa3ano KaK nonO>KHTenbHOe, TaK H OTpHU,aTeilbHOe B03Aei1eTBHe Ha
peLib pe6eHKa.
YLIHTbiBaSI Bee 3TH cpaKTOpbl, aBTOpbl oyKBapSI aKu,eHTHPYIOT BHHMaHHe YLIHTe-
nei1 Ha 3BYKOBOi1 eHeTeMe pyeeKoro Sl3b1Ka, KOTOpaSI HMeeT MHOrO OTnHLIHi1 OT 3By-
KOBOi1 eHeTeMbl yKpaHHeKoro Sl3b1Ka. 3TO nepBbli1 oyKBapb B YKpaHHe, B KOTOpOM
noKa3aHO, LITO OAHa 6yKBa MO>KeT o6o3HaLiaTb HeeKOnbKO 3BYKOB pyeeKOH peLIH.
3To AaeT B03MO>KHoeTb YLIHTb AeTei1 npaeHnbHOMY npoH3HOWeHHIO 3BYKOB H oey-
w,eeTBnSITb nponeAeBTHKY opcporpacpHLieeKHX HaBbiKOB.
Ha eoepeMeHHOM 3Tane rH6Ko onpeAenSieTeSI HaLiano nepHOAa o6yLieHHSI pe-
6eHKa rpaMOTe (5-7 neT}. npH pa3nHLIHbiX cpopMaX o6yLieHHSI (HHAHBHAyanbHOi1,
KonneKTHBHo.:i} npeAnonaraeTeSI 11enonb30BaHHe AaHHoro yL~e6HHKa KaK YLIHTeneM,
TaK 11 poAHTenSIMH. C 3TOH u,enbiO Mbl npeAnaraeM HeKOTOpble MeTOA~-!LieeKHe pe-
KOMeHAaU.HH no o6yLieHHIO pe6eHKa rpaMOTe.
B peKOMeHAaU,HSIX KpaTKO paeKpbiBaeTeSI eHeTeMa pa60Tbl e oyKBapeM, KOTO-
paSI BKniOLiaeT cpopMHpOBaHHe HaBbiKOB LITeHHSI H HaBbiKOB 3neMeHTapHOrO eono-
eTaBneHHSI opcpo3nHLieeKOH HOpMbl e rpaMMaTHLieeKOH cpopMOH enoea.
METOAioiKA 06Y"'EHioiSI "'TEHioiiO
1. 3a eAHHHU,y o6yLieHHSI LITeHHIO npeAilaraeTeSI npHHSITb CnHRHHe - Cl" (eo-
rnaeHbiH, rnaeHbiH} H 6yKBY [3BYK]:
I I I
Ma:K pH:e eo:K
2. B TO >Ke BpeMSI Mbl eLIHTaeM 06SI3aTenbHbiM HenOnb30BaHHe MeTOAa Aene-
HHSI enos Ha enorH.
Bo-nepBbiX, noToMy, LITO pHTM peLIH LlenoeeKa noALIHHeH TOilLIKaM BbiAblxae-
MOro B03AyXa, B pe3ynbTaTe Llero H o6pa3yeTeSI peLieBOH nOTOK. LJTo6bl pa3BHTb
TeXHHKY LITeHHSI u,enbiMH enoeaMH, Ha nepBOM 3Tane noTpe6yiOTeSI ynpa>KHeHHSI B
6bleTpoM LITeHHH enoree.
Bo-BTOpbiX, nepeoKnaeeHHKH npHAep>KHBaiOTeSI enoroeoro npHHu,Hna nepeHo-
ea enos Ha nHebMe. C 3TOH u.enbiO Mbl npeAnaraeM eneAyiOW,He noAXOAbl K Aene-
HHIO enos Ha enorH:
Ha OeHOBe npOH3HOWeHHSI (eoeXOASIW,aSI 3BYLIHOeTb} -MO-, -KpO-, -CTna-,
KOrAa B KOHU,e enora eTOHT rnaeHbli1 HnH, B Kpai1HeM eilyLiae, eOHOpHbli1 [M], [H],
[p], [n];
paeeMaTpHBaHHe enora KaK 3ByKosoi1 sonHbl (aKaA. P. 111. AsaHeeos}, eo6niO-
AeHHe 3ByKosoi1 pHTMHKH peLIH, LITO AOnyeKaeT TaKoe enoroAeneHHe:
na:n-Ka;
I
aKaAeMHK Jl. B. Ll.J,ep6a AOKa3an, LITO B03AyXa, BbiAbiXaeMoro OAHHM TOn-
LIKOM e pe3ynbTaTe yeHneHI-!SI H oena6neHHSI MyeKynbHbiX yeHnHH peLieeoro annapa-
Ta, XBaTHT Ha npOH3HeeeHHe enHSIHHSI Ma H ew,e OTAenbHOrO 3ByKa noene eMb1Ka-
Ht-1Sf opraHOB pel..lt-1 B pOTOBOJ:i nOnOCTI-1: Ma:K.I
156

TaKI-1M o6pa30M, noAeni-1B cnoeo Ha cnor1-1 OAHI-1M 1-13 npeAno>+<eHHbiX cnoco-
6oe 1-1 BbiAen1-1e CI11-1SIHI-1e, Mbl Ao61-1eaeMcsr 6biCTporo eocnpo1-13BeAeHI-1SI 3ByKoeoro
cocTaea cnoea 1-1 cpa3y >+<e Bbrpa6aTbreaeM TeXHI-1KY LlTeHI-1SI. KpoMe Toro, 3p1-1Tenb-
HO Ylli-1M AeTei:i npaBI-1IlbHO nepeHOCI-1Tb cnoeo Ha ni-1CbMe.
CTPYKTYPA H COAEPH<AHHE CTPAHHUbl 6YKBAPSI
Ha l-13ylleHI-1e, 3aKpenneHI-1e H noeTopeHI-ie 6yKBbl OTBOAI-1TCSI, KaK npae11no, 2-
3 CTpaHI-14bl oyKeapsr. Ha Ka>f<AOM pa3eopoTe npeAflaratOTCSI TaKI-ie y(lpa>+<HeHI-1SI:
1. 03HaKOMileHI-1e CO 3BYKOM (BbiAeneHI-ie 3ByKa 1-13 cnora).
2. 4TeHI-1e 6yKB.
3. 4TeHI-1e cnoroe pa3Ili-1LlHbiX Tl-inoe:
a) CI11-1SIHI-1e Cl" - MO, py, KU;
6) comacHbri:i + CI11-1SIHI-1e - K:pa, M:no;
•• ••B) CI11-1SIHI-1e + COrnaCHbli:i - !101M, K01M;
I I I I
r) CI11-1SIHI-1e + cornaCHbli:i + cornacHbli:i - na1p1K;
) - + + - 1
1
I I I
A cornacHbll-1 CI11-1SIHI-1e cornacHbll-1 - r1na13, K:pa:H;
) -+ -+ I I
e cornacHbll-1 cornacHbll-1 cn1-1srH1-1e - c:T:HI-1.
4. 4TeHI-1e CI10B, B KOTOpbiX l-13yllaeMbli:1 3BYK (6yKBa) HaXOAI-1TCSI B Hal.lane, B
KOHu,e, e cepeA1-1He cnoea.
5. 4TeHI-1e cnoe c nponyw,eHHbiMI-1, Hel-13ylleHHbiMI-1, 6yKeaMI-1.
6. 4TeHI-1e npeAno>+<eHI-11:1.
7. 4TeHI-1e CBS13HOrO TeKCTa.
8. Pa6oTa HaA CTpaHI-iU,aMI-1 «Ansr TeX, KTO yMeeT Lli-1TaTb».
YllHTbiBasr nc1-1xonor1-1LlecKI-1e oco6eHHOCTI-1 AeTCKoro MblwneHI-1SI {nta6o3HaTenb-
HOCTb, TSira K 1-iCCneAOBaHI-110, OW,yW,eHI-ie paAOCTI-1 OTKpb1TI-1SI}, npeAflaraeTCSI MaTe-
pi-ian AflSI 1-iCCileAOBaTenbCKOi:i pa60Tbl.
CneAyeT OTMeTI-1Tb, LlTO l-13-3a orpaHI-1'-leHHoi:i B03MO>+<HOCTI-1 pe6eHKa Lli-1TaTb
MHOrO 6yKB 1-1 CI11-1SIHI-1i:1, He npeACTaBnsreTCSI B03MO>KHbiM Ha nepBbiX CTpaHI-1U,aX oyK-
eapsr noMeCTI-1Tb ece cyw,ecTeytaw,l-1e B1-1Abl pa6oT.
H3Y~EHHE HOBOfO 3BYKA (6YKBbl)
03HaKOMneHI-1e C HOeoi:i ·6yKBOi:1 Halli-1HaeM C TOrO, LlTO BbiAensreM 1-13 npeA-
no>+<eHI-1SI cnoeo, 1-13 cnoea (1-1n1-1 cnora) - HOBblii 3ByK, Hanp1-1Mep: Ma[K], pa(K],
(K]HI-1-ra. 3aTeM npOBOA1-1M pa6oTy no l-13ylleHI-110 3ByKa B TaKOM nopSIAKe:
n p o 1-1 3 He c 1-1 3BYK ((M], (a], (c] 1-1 Ap.);
3 an oM H 1-1:
np1-1 npo1-13HeceHI-11-1 rnacHoro 3ByKa ([a],(o],(y],[bl],[l-1],[3]} BbiAblxaeMbli:1 B03-
AYX npoXOAI-1T ceo6oAHO Llepe3 poToeyta nonocTb, He ecTpellasr npensrTCTBI-1i1 (3y-
6br, ry6bl, Sl3b1K);
np1-1 npo1-13HeceHHI-1 comacHoro 3ByKa ([M], [H], [A], [K], [ii], [p] 1-1 AP-) BbiAbl-
xaeMblii B03AYX BCTpel.laeT npensrTCTBI-1SI B pOTOBOii nonOCTI-1;
ecnl-1 cornaCHblii np01-13HOCI-1TCSI C ronOCOM - 3TO 3BOHKI-1i1 cornaCHblii:
[>+<], [6], [e], [A], [3], [r];
157

ecn11 cornacHbli1 npo113HOCI1TCSI 6e3 ronoca- 3TO rnyxoi1 cornacHbli1: [n], [T],
[K], [cp], [c].
0TBel.laTb Hy>+<HO TaK:
3BYK [6] - cornaCHbli1, 3BOHK11i1, TBepAbli1;
3BYK [>+<] - cornacHbli1, HaXOA11TCSI B KOHu,e cnoea (no3>+<e - B cna6oi1 no311-
L.J,I111 111111 opcporpaMMa};
3BYK [o]- rnacHbli1, yAapHbli1 (no3>+<e- e cl1nbHoi1 no311U,1111};
3BYK [o] - rnacHbli1, 6e3yAapHbli1 (no3>+<e - e cna6oi1 no311L.J,1111 111111 opcpor-
paMMa}.
KAK HAY~Hlb ~HTATb CnHSIHHSI
MO, flY, Kl1, PA, CE H T. A·
4To6bl Haylli1Tb Lli1TaTb CJ111SIHI1SI, npeAnaraeM npOBOA11Tb C AeTbMI1 TaK11e yn-
pa>+<HeHI1Sl:
MO
nOCMOTp11, KaKoi1 6yKBOi1 o603Hal.leH rnaCHbli1 B CJ111SIHI111 MO (0};
CI10>+<11 ry6bl TaK, KaK 6yATO Tbl 6yAeWb np0113HOCI1Tb [0-0-0];
Tenepb nonbiTai1cS~ npo113HeCTI1 cn11THO ABa 3ByKa [Mo], [To], [co], [no], [po],
[cpo], [AO]. 3TO ynpa>+<HeHI1e HaAO nOBTOp11Tb He MeHee 10-15 pa3, LlT06bl B3rnSIA
Ha 6yKey, o6o3Hal.latOw,ytO rnacHbli1, 11 pa6oTa pelleBoro annapaTa eo epeMSI npo-
113HeceHI1SI AaHHoro 3ByKa 3anoMHI11111Cb yllaW,11MCSI KaK eAI1Hbli1 npou,ecc;
MY
nocMoTp11, KaKoi1 6yKeoi1 o6o3Hal.leH rnacHbli1 e CI111SIHI111 MY (y};
CI10>+<11 ry6bl TaK, KaK 6yATO Tbl 6yAeWb np0113HOCI1Tb [y-y-y-y ] ;
Tenepb np0113HeCI1 CJ111THO [My], [Ty], [cy], [ny], [cpy], [Ay] 11 T. A·
TaK >+<e: MU, TU, cu, nu, cpu, AU.
TaK >+<e: Ma, Ta, ca, na, cpa, Aa.
Mo>+<Ho roeop11Tb: «,IJ,aeai1 nponoeM cn11SIHI1e AO [Ao-o-o], KY [Ky-y-y]>>.
KAK HAY~Hlb ~HTATb cnor, CnOBO
4To6bl Haylli1Tb Lli1TaTb cnor, cnoeo, e oyKeape npeAJ1aratOTCSI cneAytOW,11e yn-
pa>+<HeHI1Sl:
MaK- MalKI
I
Ma-a-a1K;
I I I I
TpaKrop - T:Pa:K-TOlP
np0113HeCI1 OTAenbHO: [T], [pa-a-a], (K], [TO-o-o], [p].
Ha TaKoe npOI.lTeHI1e yKa3biBatOT eepT11KanbHble nyHKT11pHble 1111HI111.
Tl I I 6:pa-a-a:K-To-o-o:p - TaK yAeT 3ByllaTb 3TO cnoeo np11 LlTeHI111 yllaW,11MCSI.
158

lPOPMHPOBAHHE nHTEPATYPHOfO nPOH3HOWEHHSI
nPH O&Y~EHHH fPAMOTE
rnaBHOi:1 3aAallei:1 np1-1 o6ylleHI-11-1 LlTeHI-110 WKOnbHI-1Ka SIBnSieTCSI npeOAOneH~oie
nCI-iXOnOrl-1'-leCKOrO 6apbepa, KOTOpb1i:1 B03HI-1KaeT B pe3ynbTaTe TOro, LlTO np01-13HO-
weHI-1e 1-1 Han1-1caH1-1e cnoea B pyccKoM Sl3b1Ke Llaw,e ecero He coenaAatOT, a y ylla-
w,erocSI TeM He MeHee cpopM~-ipyeTCSI ycTaHOBKa «rOBOp1-1Tb TaK, KaK Hani-1CaHO>>:
B CBSI31-1 c 3TI-1M np1-1 I-13YlleHI-11-1 Ka>t<Aoi:1 6yKBbl Heo6xoAI-1MO nocTOSIHHo onpe-
AenSITb, KaKoi:1 3ByK OHa o6o3Hal.laeT B AaHHOi:1 n031-1U,I-11-1: B 3aBI-1CI-1MOCTI-1 OT COCeAa
cnpaea (cornacHbli:1} 1-1n1-1 yAapeHI-1SI (rnacHbli:1}.
B oyKeape cna6aSI no31-1U,I-1SI rnacHbiX 1-1 cornacHbiX o6o3HalleHa KpacHoi:1 TOLlKoi:1.
Ecn1-1 pe6eHOK ew,e He MO>+<eT onpeAeni-1Tb, e KaKoi:1 no31-1U,I-11-1 - Cl-1nbHoi:1 1-1m•
cna6oi:1 - HaXOAI-iTCSI 3ByK, He cneAyeT AenaTb nocneWHbiX BbiBOAOB 1-1 TOpOni-1Tb
ero. TonbKO CI-1CTeMaTI-1LlecKI-1e npaKTI-1'-leCKI-ie ynpa>+<HeHI-1SI noA pyKoBOACTBOM Ylli-1-
TenSI noMoryT ccj:>opM~oipoBaTb y yllaW,I-1XCSI opcj:>orpacj:>l-1'-lecKytO 30pKOCTb 1-1 npa-
BI-inbHoe np01-13HOWeHI-1e 3BYKOB 1-1 cnoB .
CHCTEMA O&S13ATEnbHbiX YnPAH<HEHHH
nPH O&Y~EHHH ~TEHHIO
1. E>+<eAHeBHoe 6biCTpoe LlTeHI-1e 6yKB e pa3HOM nopSIAKe. 3To no3eoni-1T pa3-
BI-1BaTb 6biCTpytO peaKL.J,I-110 pe6eHKa: yBI-1Aen - npo1-13Hec. (Mo>+<HO ycno>+<HSITb yn-
pa>+<HeHI-1SI, BBOASI np1-1Mepb1, TPYAHble AnSI npo1-13HoweHI-1SI: a, 6, y, H, cj:>, 3 1-1 T. A.} .
2. E>+<eAHeBHoe 6biCTpoe LlTeHI-ie cni-1SIHI-1i:1 pa3Horo Tl-ina. (Ycno>+<HSITb ynpa>+<-
HeHI-1SI, BBOASI np1-1Mepb1, TPYAHble AnSI npo1-13HoweHI-1SI: ne, AY· 01 1-1 T. n.}.
3. E>+<eAHeBHoe 6biCTpoe LlTeHI-ie OAHocno>+<HbiX cnoe: MaK, COK, paK.
4. noKa3aTb Ha MrHoBeHI-1e OAHocno>+<Hoe cnoeo 1-1 3aKpb1Tb ero; pe6eHoK Tpe-
H1-1pyeTCSI CXBaTbiBaTb OAHI-1M B3rnSIAOM BCe cnOBO.
5. noKa3aTb Ha Cl.leT 1-2-3 AByCnO>KHOe 1-1n1-1 Tpexcno>+<HOe cnOBO.
6. noKa3aTb yllaW,I-1MCSI ABa-Tpl-1 cnoea Ha 5-10 CeKYHA, a 3aTeM 3aKpb1Tb 1-iX.
7. Ill, HaKoHeu,, noKa3aTb npeAno>+<eHI-ie 1-1 noTOM 6biCTpo ero 3aKpb1Tb. Pe6e-
HOK 6yAeT np1-1Bb1KaTb OAHI-1M B3rnSIAOM CXBaTbiBaTb nonOBI-iHY CTpOKI-1, a B03MO>K-
HO, 1-1 BCIO CTpoKy. TaKI-1M o6pa30M Mbl 6yAeM paCW1-1pS1Tb n 0 n e Ll T e H 1-1 Sl pe-
6eHKa. none •ITeHHSI - 3TO LlaCTb TeKCTa, KOTOpytO pe6eHOK MO>KeT CXBaTI-1Tb OA-
HI-i.M B3rnSIAOM, T. e. YBI-1AeTb BO BpeMSI OAHOH OCTaHOBKI-1 rna3a Ha CTpOI.lKe.
CoeeTyeM noMHI-1Tb 1-1 poA1-1TenSIM, 1-1 Ylli-1TenSIM: 3al.lacTytO y AeTei:1 AOCTaTOLl-
HO W1-1pOKOe none LlTeHI-1SI, HO OHI-1 Ha nepBbiX nopaX He pewatOTCSI np01-13HOCI-1Tb
cnoea 1-1 npeAno>+<eHI-1SI. He ycTaBaHTe noA6aAp1-1BaTb 1-1 xeani-1Tb pe6eHKa 3a ero,
nycTb ManeHbKI-1e, ycnex~-1.
PeKOMeHAyeM poAI-1TenSIM BHI-1MaTenbHO I-13Ylli-1Tb py6p1-1Ky «3anoMHI-1!>>.
ABTOpbl >+<enatOT ycnexoe caMbiM ManeHbKI-iM ylleHI-1KaM e oenaAeHI-11-1 rpaMo-
Toi:1, a Ylli-1TenSIM 1-1 poAI-1TenSIM - 6e3rpaHI-1LlHOro TepneHI-iSI 1-1 HaCTOHLll-iBOCTI-1 B Ae-
ne o6yl.leHI-1SI 1-1 BOCni-1TaHI-1SI.
159

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