Biochemistry student

2. Group members
•Misbah Ramzan
•Mahnoor Arshad
•Nimra Qadeer
•Mahnoor Amin

3. Topic
•Extracellular matrix
•Elastin

4. Extracellular Matrix
•Extacellular means : situated or
occuring outside the cell or the cell of
the body

5. What is extracellular matrix?
• The extracellular matrix definition is that it is a
complex network of proteins and other
macromolecule that hold the cells in a
• tissue together. One example of extracellular matrix is
seen in connective tissue. Connective tissue is tissue
that is found between the organs or surrounding the
organs of the body.

7. Composition
•Fibrous elements (e.g. collagen, elastin,
reticulin),
• Link proteins (e.g. fibronectin, laminin)
•Space filling molecules (e.g. proteoglycans,
glycosaminoglycans)

8. Fibronectin. Elastin

9. Laminin Collagen

10. Components

11. Functions
• Provide mechanical support
• Control cell proliferation
• Scaffolding tissues
• Cell to cell interaction
• Play major role in growth,healing and fibrosis
• Work with stem cell
• Prevent immune system from injury

13. Proteoglycans
•A compound consisting of a protein
bonded to mucopolysaccharide
groups, present especially in
connective tissue.

15. •Proteoglycans have a net negative charge
that attracts positively charged sodium
ions (Na+), which attracts water
molecules via osmosis, keeping the ECM
and resident cells hydrated. Proteoglycans
may also help to trap and store growth
factors within the ECM.

16. Proteoglycans polysaccharide
Heparan Sulphate
•Linear polysaccharide
•Found in all animal
•It occurs as a proteoglycan (PG) in which
two or three HS chains are attached in close
proximity to cell surface.

17. Contd.
It is in this form that HS binds to a variety of
protein ligands and regulates a wide variety of
biological activities, including developmental
processes, angiogenesis, blood coagulation, and
tumour metastasis.

18. Chondroitin sulfate
•Chondroitin sulfates contribute to the tensile
strength of cartilage, tendons, ligaments, and
walls of the aorta. They have also been
known to affect neuroplasticity.

19. Keratan sulphate
Keratan sulfates have a variable
sulfate content and, unlike many other
GAGs, do not contain uronic acid.
They are present in the cornea,
cartilage, bones, and
the horns of animals.

20. Non-proteoglycan polysaccharide
•Hyaluronic acid
•Hyaluronic acid, also called hyaluronan, is an
anionic, nonsulfated glycosaminoglycan
distributed widely throughout connective,
epithelial, and neural tissues.

21. Functions
• Lubricating fluid in the joints
• Participating in cell and tissue development.
• Controlling blood coagulation.
• Anchoring cells to the ECM.
• Aiding in wound healing and embryonic development.

22. Elastin
• IS A HIGHLY ELASTIC PROTEIN IN CONNECTIVE
• TISSUE AND ALLOWS MANY TISSUES IN THE BODY TO
RESUME THEIR SHAPE AFTER STRETCHING OR
CONTRACTING. ELASTIN HELPS SKIN TO RETURN TO
THE ORIGINAL POSITION WHEN IT IS POKED OR
PINCHED

25. Functions

26. Any Question 🤔