Inside the pancreas, the hormone insulin is made in the beta cells, which are part of the Islets of Langerhans. These islets also have alpha cells, which make glucagon, as well as delta cells. With each meal, beta cells release insulin to help the body use or store the blood glucose (blood sugar) it gets from food.
STERILITY TESTING OF PHARMACEUTICALS ppt by DR.C.P.PRINCE
insulin ppt Abhishek Borkar 15.pptx
1. INSULIN
Student Name:- Abhishek Borkar
Class- B- pharm 3rd year
Shraddha Institute of Pharmacy Kondala zambre ,
Washim-444505
Guide by : prof. Shubhada Bhopale (M. pharm)
2. Diabetes Mellitus
• Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by
hyperglycemia, glucosourea, hyperlipaemia, negative
nitrogen balance and sometimes ketonaemia.
• Two major types of diabetes mellitus:
• i) Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
(IDDM).
• ii) Non-Insulin-dependent diabetes
mellitus (NIDDM). Various symptoms are:
Feeling very thirsty and tired, high level of
glucose in urine, constant hunger
3. Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus : There is β cell destruction in
pancreatic islets; majority of cases are autoimmune antibodies that
destroy β cell are detectable in blood, but some are idiopathic, there
are no β cell antibody are found. In all cases circulating insulin
levels are low.
Noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus : There is no loss or
moderate reduction in β cell mass, insulin in circulation is low,
normal or even high, no anti-β-cell antibody is demonstrable; has a
high degree of genetic predisposition, generally has a late onset.
4. Treatment
IDDM : Insulin must be injected or inhaled
NIDDM : Food control, exercise, medicines
i) Which increase insulin secretion
ii) Which increase the sensitivity of target organs to insulin
iii) Which decrease glucose absorption.
5. it was isolated in 1921
used in 1922
insulin discovered by Banking and Best
it is used as diabeties maliters.
It contain 30 amino acid.
insulin contain 2 chain chuin 1st 21-aminoamino acid 2nd
chain 30 amino acidl these Both are attached do each othee By
2 2-clisulphite Bond
insulin secreated by pancreatic (Beta cell)
insulin derivaced from animal species the pig insulin closely
Reacimble withHuman insulin
it is an insoluble in pH 4 to 7
Insulin
7. Storage
It store in beta –cell
Normal pancrease contain 200 unit of insulin
Mainly Screated 50 unit daily
Release
Release of insulin from beta –cell
Involved food product hormone and gastroinststial
hormone
8. Pharmacological Action :-
carbo-Hydeate metabolism.
• peoduce to Fandamental defects
• Reduce entrey of glucose in cells.
• incress Release of glucose form livee into Circulation
• Both are produce hyperglycemiya glycourea
• in insulin defecancies High Rate of conversion of protein to
the glucose called as glycogenesis
fat-Metabolism
insulin defancy peoduce Metabolism of fat into adipose
tissue.
inthis concentration of tri-glyceride on ff-Rise
Penteln metabolism
insulin defency peoduce glycose utilatization in protein
synthesis
it peocluce peotein Becardown