The document summarizes a presentation on designing and analyzing a concrete beam to support a bridge deck. It discusses how bridge beams carry loads and support bridge decks. It then outlines the objectives of studying and testing a prototype concrete beam on a smaller scale to better understand real bridge structures and behaviors. This includes exploring materials, loads, structural requirements, testing the smaller beam, and analyzing bridge construction practices and technologies. The document also summarizes the limit state design method being used to analyze the beam designs, discussing ultimate strength, serviceability limits, and durability limits.

1. Presentation
On
Design and Analysis of Concrete Beam to Supports the bridge deck
Under The Supervision Of
Mr. Praneet Madhav
Submitted by
Mohd. Danish Abbasi 1450500030
Atul Kumar Shukla 1450500009
Abu Sufiyan 1450500003
Mohammad Saif 1450500027

2.  Bridge Beams are the simplest structural forms for bridge spans supported by an abutment or pier
at each end.
 Beams are characterized by their profile (shape of cross-section), their length, and their material
 Beams generally carry vertical gravitational forces but can also be used to carry horizontal loads.
 A bridge deck or road bed is the roadway, or the pedestrian walkway, surface of the bridge, and
is one of the superstructure of a bridge.
 Use of I-girder is gaining popularity in bridge engineering because of its better stability,
serviceability, economy, aesthetic appearance and efficiency.

3. To study in detail about the bridge beam and its various aspects and understanding it
by designing a prototype bridge beam on a smaller scale.
Fig:-1) I-Beam arrangement

4.  To study the bridge beam.
 To explore the materials used for beam construction and their availability,
 Testing and maintenance.
 To study the various types of loads on the bridge as per IS-875 (Part 1-5).
 To study about the structural requirement of the bridge beam using software STAAD.PRO
and by manual calculations.
 To develop a critical appreciation and comprehensive understanding of methods of
structural idealization and analysis of bridge structures.
 To develop a smaller scale bridge beam in the laboratory and conduct various test on it so
as to get the better understanding of the actual conditions on the real bridges.

5. Fig:-2) Load arrangement Fig:-3) Precast I-beam

6.  Understanding the evolution in the bridge construction practices.
 Analyzing some of the important bridges in India made till date.
 Site survey of the nearby bridge in the city so as to get the real picture of the structure of
the bridge and the average traffic and loads on the bridge.
 To interview few experts who have previously worked in bridge construction.
 Analyzing the present needs of improvement in the construction of bridges in India and the
new technological development in the field.

7.  The study will include only one bridge so as to get the better understandings of the bridge
beams.
 A small scale bridge beam will be used for understanding the construction practices of the
bridge beams, and the test conducted will only be those whose machinery and equipments
are available.

8. The various methods used for the analysis of the beam designs and calculations are
 Limit State Method.
 Working Stress Method.
Since we are using the limit state method hence its explanation is given as follows

9.  Limit state method is a further improvement of ultimate load design.
 In limit state method, a structure is designed to withstand all loads likely to act on it in the
duration of its life span and also to satisfy the serviceability requirements before failure
can occur.
 The design provides the condition that the structure will not become unfit for use for which
it is meant.
 The most important limit states to be considered are :
 Formation of a mechanism leading to collapse.
 Excessive deflection and development of excessive cracks.
 Limit state corresponding to the formation of mechanism depends on ultimate strength. But
the limit state corresponding to excessive crack width is determined by elastic theory.

10.  LIMIT STATE OF COLLAPSE
The design based on limit state of collapse provides the necessary safety of the structure
against partial or total collapse of the structure.
 LIMIT STATE OF SERVICEABILITY
This limit relates to the performance of the structure at working loads. This limit state is
introduced to prevent objectionable deflection, cracking, vibration etc.
 LIMIT STATE OF DURABILITY
Rain, floods, fire, earthquakes, serious weather etc are forces of nature which may affect the
durability of a structure. Limits in the form of specifications are provided to cover the
durability of structures.