Recycling

1. • Recycling:
• Recycling is the process of converting waste materials into new materials and
objects. The recovery of energy from waste materials is often included in this
concept. The recyclability of a material depends on its ability to reacquire the
properties it had in its original state.
• Reuse:
• Reuse is the action or practice of using an item, whether for its original purpose
or to fulfil a different function. It should be distinguished from recycling, which is
the breaking down of used items to make raw materials for the manufacture of
new products.

2. • There are two main types of recycling processes —
1. open-loop recycling
2. closed-loop recycling

3. • Loops for production-waste, product and material recycling:

4. • Recycling consumer
waste:
 Collection
Curbside collection
Source separation
Buy-back centers
Drop-off centers
Distributed recycling
 Sorting

5. Recycling Codes
 Recycling codes are used to identify the material from which an item is made, to
facilitate easier recycling or other reprocessing.
 The presence on an item of a recycling code, a chasing arrows logo, or a resin code,
is not an automatic indicator that a material is recyclable; it is an of what the item is
made of.
Material Types Codes
plastic 1-7
Batteries 8-14
Paper 20-22
Metals 40-41
Biomatter/Organic material 50, 51, 60-69
Glass 70-79
Composites 80-99

6. Cost–benefit analysis
This study examines the costs and benefits of recycling & reuse to address the
following questions:
 What are the economic costs and
benefits of diverting a number of
waste streams from current
disposal practices?
 Are there opportunities for net
economic benefits from
increased levels of diversion of
individual waste streams ?
 What is the net economic effect
of given levels of recovery of
each of these wastes ?

7. There are 3 main ways to
recycle & reuse…..
Recyclates
Remanufacturing
Repurposing
Recyclate is a raw material that is
sent to, and processed in a waste
recycling plant or materials
recovery facility, and used to form
new products.
For example, plastic bottles that are
collected can be re-used and made into
plastic pellets, a new product.

8. Remanufacturing is "the
rebuilding of a product to
specifications of the original
manufactured product using
a combination of reused,
repaired and new parts". It
requires the repair or
replacement of worn out or
obsolete components and
modules.
Repurposing is to use a tool
for use as another tool,
usually for a purpose
unintended by the original
tool-maker. Typically,
repurposing is done using
items usually considered to
be junk or garbage.