This document describes an automatic seed sowing machine. It aims to reduce the time and labor required for conventional seed sowing operations. The machine works by using a battery-powered DC motor to transmit rotational motion via chain drives to a seed storage tank and sowing disc. Seeds are deposited into hoppers and then dropped individually from the disc into opened furrows as the machine moves through the field. Key components include the motor, chain drives, gears, wheels, storage tank, hopper, and sowing disc. The machine allows for more efficient, less time-consuming and accurate planting of seeds at specific distances compared to manual sowing methods.

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AUTOMATIC SEED SOWING MACHINE
Batch No : 11
Section : B
Presented by:
Department of Mechanical Engineering

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ABSTRACT
In the farming process, often used conventional seeding operation takes
more time and more labor. The seed feed rate is more but the time
required for the total operation is more and the total cost is increased due
to labor, hiring of equipment. The conventional seed sowing machine is
less efficient, time consuming. Today’s era is marching towards the rapid
growth of all sectors including the agricultural sector. To meet the future
food demands, the farmers have to implement the new techniques which
will not affect the soil texture but will increase the overall crop production.
In the farming process, often used conventional seeding operation takes
more time and more labor. The seed feed rate is more but the time
required for the total operation is also more and the total cost is
increased due to labor , hiring of equipment. This machine reduces
the efforts and total cost of sowing the seeds and fertilizer placement.
Sowing machine should be suitable to all farms, all types of corps, robust
construction, also it should be reliable, this is basic requirement of
sowing machine.
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Problems Identification:-
 Wastage of seeds
 Irregular placing of seeds
 Time consuming process

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Objective
 Sowing seeds with proper distance:
Due to this machine we are able to plant seeds with proper distance between them. So amount
required to sowing of seed per hector are fix . This also helps to increase the germination of seed,
Because seed to seed space is proper so plant get space to grow up.
 Reduce Time:
The most important objective for this invention is to reduce the time of sowing seeds.
 Reduce Work done:
Due to this invention the total work done by the famer for sowing is decreases , because the farmer
have not to carry the heavy bag of seeds throughout the sowing process.

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Working model

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Basic Components

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1. Battery : The D.C. motor is operated on 12V with 100 rpm. The graph shows torque speed characteristics of D.C. motor to
full load. It is obtained by increasing armature voltage from 1V to 12V linearly. Current of DC motor is 100mA. As speed is
increases then torque is also decreasing. A 12v dc battery is being used for our autonomous robot used for driving the dc motors. 5
volt supply is being used by the controller, LCD and for driving the relays.
2. Chain Drive: In our project there are two chain drives one which used to control the flow rate of seeds and another which
is used to transmit the power from motor to peg wheel. the chain are made up of no. of rigid links which are hinges together by pin
joints in order to provide. The necessary flexibility for wrapping round the driving & driven wheels. These wheels have projecting
teeth of special profile a fact into the corresponding recess. Links of the chain. The toothed wheel are known as sprockets wheel.
Which transfer the motion.
Component parts

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3. Gears: Gears are used to transmit the power from one shaft to another mechanism. In our machine we are using
gears which having bucket teeth. It has no. of teeth on different steps which is used for control the speed of disc.
4. Wheel: The rim of the wheel is made from a flat metal plate made up of steel. It is bent and welded to form a
circular form diameter. The periphery is fitted with 12 numbers of lugs at equal spacing. The lugs are of square form of
side. It reduces the slippage while moving in the field. The distance between the holes in the seed metering disc depends
upon the diameter of the ground wheel.
5. Seed storage tank: Storage device is one of the important device of the system. And is designed according to
weight sustained by the robot as well as the required capacity for planting. This component is stationary. To the bottom of
this tank seed sowing disc is arranged. This disc serves the function of distribution of the seeds, as for each complete
rotation of the rotating wheel, seeds falls from the tank. Also number of seeds falling from tank is varied according to
requirements. This disc evenly opens the way to seed hence planting is done smoothly and accurately.
6. Hopper: Hopper is made by mild C. R. Sheet which contains Seed. There are two hopper mounted on frame on each
side . The seeds in the seeds storage tank inserts from the hopper. It is the component from which desired amount of seed
can be placed in required field.
Parts

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The Automated seed sowing technology is a method design in order to reduce the
human efforts as it requires less amount of manmade labour and can be handle
efficiently without a skilled operator. Seeding manually requires lots of time, therefore
this technology develops which eradicated much amount of time with proper efficiency,
less time consuming, accuracy in sowing seed at specific distance.
It works on simple mechanism, a battery operated D.C. motor is used transmits the
rotary motion to the shaft with the help of chain drive, and there is another connection
of sprocket and chain to the rotary motion. When the farmer puts seeds into the hopper.
As the seed rotates, seed drops in the seed pipe, which is connected to the furrow
opener for the seeding; there is furrow closer for covering the seeds by soil.
Working

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Advantages
1.Increased effiency in planting.
2. Less maintaince cost.
3. Seed monitor and hectare counter. .
4. No extra manpower required.
5. Uniform placement of seeds is provided.
Advantages and disadvantages

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We can conclude that our fabrication machine is advantageous over the
existing machines in the following ways:
Control the seeds can be done with less loss.
This machine used in any type of soil.
Proper skill not required for operating this machine and easy to transferred.
By using this machine we get accuracy in seeding
conclusion