This document discusses medical textiles, which combine textile science and medical science. Some key applications of medical textiles include wound care products like bandages. The textiles must have properties like biocompatibility, flexibility, and strength for medical use. The document then covers various types of medical textiles like those used for healthcare and hygiene, extracorporeal devices, implantable materials, and non-implantable materials. It also discusses common fibers used in medical textiles like cotton, polyester, and nylon.

1. DR B. R. AMBEDKAR NIT JALANDHAR
MEDICAL TEXTILE
SUBMITTED BY -
VICKY RAJ
11110079
TEXTILE
TECHNOLOGY
7TH SEMESTER

2. ABSTRACT
Medical textiles are one of the most rapidly expanding
sectors in the technical textile market. It is a combination of
medical science and textile science. It has been categorised
under technical textile and have attracted many researcher.
Some of the important field of application of textile in
medicine are wound care and preventing chronic wounds.
Bandages and wound dressings are most commonly used
because they are affordable and reusable. The medical textile
should have bio-compatibility, flexibility and strength.

3. INTRODUCTION
Combination of textile technology and medical sciences has
resulted into a new field called medical textiles. New areas of
application for medical textiles have been identified with the
development of new fibers and manufacturing technologies
for yarns and fabrics. Development in the field of textiles,
either natural or manmade textiles, normally aimed at how
they enhance the comfort to the users. Development of
medical textiles can be considered as one such development,
which is really meant for converting the painful days of
patients into the comfortable days.
The number of applications are huge and diverse, ranging
from a single thread suture to the complex composite
structures for bone replacement, and from the simple cleaning
wipe to advanced barrier fabrics used in operating rooms.
Characteristics of materials for medical use
The major requirements for biomedical polymers
 Non toxicity
 Nonallergenic response
 The ability to be sterilized
 Strength
 Elasticity

4.  Durability
 Biocompatibility
CONSTITUENT ELEMENT OF MEDICAL TEXTILE
PRODUCT

5. FIBRE USED FOR MEDICAL AND HEALTHCARE
APPLICATION
Textiles materials that are used in medical applications include
fibres, yarns, fabrics and composites. Depending upon the
application, the major requirements of medical textiles are
absorbency, tenacity, flexibility, softness and at times bio
stability or biodegradability.
Fibres used in medical field may vary from natural fibre such
as cotton, silk, regenerated wood fluff (absorbent layer), to,
manmade fibres like polyester, polyamide, polyethylene,
glass etc.
CLASSIFICATION BASED ON USAGE
a. Healthcare and Hygiene products
b. Extracorporeal devices
c. Implantable material
d. Non-implantable materials

6. HEALTHCARE AND HYGIENE PRODUCTS
An important area of textile is the healthcare and hygiene
sector among other medical applications. The range of
products available for healthcare and hygiene is vast, but they
are typically used either in the operating theatre or in the
hospital wards for hygienic, care and safety of the staff and
patients. They could be washable or disposable.
Its application are in
 Surgical gown
 Surgical mask
 Surgical cap
 In hospitals ward
EXTRACORPORIAL DEVICE
These are extracorporeally mounted devices used to support
the function of vital organs, such as kidney, liver, lung, heart
pacer etc. The extracorporeal devices are mechanical organs
that are used for blood purification and include the artificial
kidney (dialyser), the artificial liver, and the mechanical lung.
The function and performance of these devices benefit from
fibre and textile technology.

7. IMPLANTABLE MATERIAL
These materials are used in effecting repair to the body
whether it is wound closure (sutures) or replacement
surgery (vascular grafts, artificial ligaments etc)
Biocompatibility is of prime importance if textile
materials are to be accepted by the body.
These four factor will determine how a body will react
to the implant
1 The most important factor is porosity which
determines the rate at which human tissue will grow
and encapsulate the implant.
2 Small circular fibres are better encapsulated with
human tissue than larger fibres with irregular cross-sections.
3 Toxic substances must not be released by the fibre
polymer, and the fibres should be free from surface
contaminants such as lubricants and sizing agents.
4 The properties of the polymer will influence the
success of the implantation in terms of its
biodegradability.

8. SUTURE
Sutures for wound closure are either monofilament or
multifilament threads that are categorised as either
biodegradable or non biodegradable. Biodegradable
sutures are used mainly for internal wound closures and
nonbiodegradable sutures are used to close exposed
wounds and are removed when the wound is
sufficiently healed.
CARDIOVASCULAR IMPLANT
Vascular graft are used in surgery to replace damaged
thick arteries. It is produced from polyester (Dacron and
Teflon). Artificial heart valves, which are caged ball
valves with metal struts, are covered with polyester (e.g.
Dacron) fabrics in order to provide a means of suturing
the valve to the surrounding tissue.

9. NON IMPLANTABLE MATERIAL
These materials used for external applications on the
body and may or may not make contact with skin. They
are made from co-polymer of two α amino acids.
This includes wound care, bandages, plasters, pressure
garments, orthopaedic belts etc.

10. CONCLUSION
Textiles are more and more developing into
interdisciplinary high-tech products with interesting
changes in the market. Each country has its own
regulations and standards for medical textiles. As
medical procedures continue to develop, the demand
for textile materials is bound to grow. Medical Textile
Competence Centres are being established to make the
most of knowledge, expertise and existing collaboration
with medical researchers, microbiologists,
physiologists. Shorter production cycles, higher
flexibility and versatility, and lower production costs are
some of the reasons for the popularity of nonwovens in
medical textiles.

11. REFERENCE
HANDBOOK OF TECHNICAL TEXTILE
http://www.fibre2fashion.com/industry-article/
4/330/medical-textiles7.asp