The document summarizes research on developing composite panels using sawdust and PVC powder. The goals were to utilize wood waste as a building material and reduce environmental impacts. Sawdust and PVC powder were mixed at various ratios and molded into panels at different temperatures and pressures. Testing showed panels with 50% PVC content met strength standards and provided an affordable, sustainable building alternative. Optimal molding was at 160°C and 5kg/cm2 pressure.

1. WELCOME
INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR
STANDARDIZATION FOR
GREEN BUILDING MATERIALS
Park Hotel, Gaharu Ballroom
Bandung, August 6th 2015

2. Agenda Acara
International Seminar On Standardization For Green Building Material
No Kegiatan Waktu Pembicara/Moderator
1 Pembukaan 08:30-09:00
1. Ir. Nyoman Supriyatna, M.Sc
(Badan Standardisasi Nasional )
2.Mitsuo Matsumoto
(Japan Ministry of Economic,Trade, and Industry - METI)
3. Ikuo Tomita
(Japan Construction Material & Housing Equipment Industries
Federation (J-CHIF))
2
Topik 1 : Thermal Performance of
Windows
09:00 - 09.45
Moderator :
Ir. I. Nyoman Supriyatna, M.Sc
09.00 - 09:30 1. Hiroyuki Ishizumi ( LIXIL Corporation)
09:30 - 09:45 2. Asosiasi Kaca Lembaran dan Pengaman Indonesia
3 Topik 2: Water saving closet
09:45 - 11.15
Moderator :
Ir. I. Nyoman Supriyatna, M.Sc
09:45 - 10:15 Naonori Araki (TOTO LTD.)
10:15 - 10:30
Dr.Ir.Lintong Sopandi Hutahaean,M.ChE
( Kepala Balai Besar Keramik)
4
Topik 3: Wood-Plastic Recycled
Composite (WPRC)
11:00 - 11.45
Moderator :
Y. Kristianto W.
11:00 - 11:30 Takeyasu Kikuchi (WPC Corporation)
11:30 - 11.45 Prof. (R ).Dr.Ir.Arief Sabaruddin, CES
(Kepala Pusat Litbang Permukiman , Kementerian PU-PERA)
7
Topik 4: High Solar Reflectance
Paint
11.45 - 12.30
Moderator :
Y. Kristianto W.
11:45 - 12:15 Toshiya Takahashi (Japan Paint Manufacturers Association )
12:15 - 12:30 Asosiasi Produsen Cat Indonesia
8 Sesi tanya jawab II 12:30 - 12:45
Moderator :
Y. Kristianto W.
9
Closing Meeting : Mr. Ir. I.
Nyoman Supriyatna, M.Sc
12:45 - 13:00
2

3. PENGUJIAN KLOSET
SNI 03-0797-2006
BALAI BESAR KERAMIK
BANDUNG, 6 AGUSTUS 2015

4. JENIS CLOSET
Monoblok / One Piece
Duoblok / Dual Pieces / Close Couple

5. JENIS CLOSET
Duoblok Terpisah /separated toiled Gantung /Wall Hung
Duduk Tegak /Wall-Faced

6. MEKANISME FLUSHING

7. NO PARAMETER
1 Bentuk dan ukuran
2 Sifat tampak
3 Kedataran permukaan
4
Pengujian saluran pembuangan dengan
bola kayu
5
Pengujian kebocoran
a. Pengujian kebocoran air
b. b. Pengujian kebocoran udara
6
Pengujian pembilasan untuk kloset duduk
dengan pembilasan terpadu
a. Spons
b. Serbuk gergaji
c. Kertas toilet
d. Bola plastic
e. Simulasi
NO PARAMETER
7 Pengujian pembebanan
8 Daya serap air
9 Ketahanan terhadap kejut suhu
10 Ketahanan terhadap retak-retak
11 Ketahanan terhadap bahan kimia
12 Ketahanan terhadap noda
LINGKUP PENGUJIAN KLOSET
SNI 03-0797-2006

8. PERALATAN UTAMA
NO PARAMETER ALAT
1 Bentuk dan ukuran Jangka Sorong
2 Sifat tampak Visual (mata)
3 Kedataran permukaan Baji, Waterpass
4 Pengujian saluran pembuangan dengan bola kayu bola kayu min. ф 36 mm
5
Pengujian kebocoran
a. Pengujian kebocoran air
b. b. Pengujian kebocoran udara
Stopwatch
Manometer
6
Pengujian pembilasan untuk kloset duduk dengan
pembilasan terpadu
a. Spons
b. Serbuk gergaji
c. Kertas toilet
d. Bola plastik
e. Simulasi
Spons ф 30 ± 5 mm, panjang 10-100 mm
Serbuk gergaji halus
Kertas toilet 100 x 110 mm
Bola plastik min. ф 40 mm, density = 1.05
Kantong plastik

9. PERALATAN UTAMA
NO PARAMETER ALAT
7 Pengujian pembebanan Load Cell
8 Daya serap air
- Pengering / oven
- Timbangan analitik
- Pompa vakum
- Bejana vakum
9 Ketahanan terhadap kejut suhu
- Pengering / oven
- Thermometer
10 Ketahanan terhadap retak-retak - Autoclave
11 Ketahanan terhadap bahan kimia
- Pengering / oven
- Bak tertutup tahan bahan kimia dengan pengatur panas
12 Ketahanan terhadap noda Pengering / oven

10. PEMAKAIAN AIR
NO JENIS KLOSET PENGGUNAAN AIR
(LITER)
FULL/HALF
1 KLOSET DUDUK DUOBLOK
6
6/3
4,2/3
2 KLOSET DUDUK GANTUNG
4,5/3
6/3
9 KLOSET DUDUK TEGAK
6
6/3
4,5/3
10 KLOSET DUDUK MONOBLOK
6
6/3
4,5/3
4,2/2,8
4,3/2,8
4,8
4/2,5
13

11. • Penggunaan air belum menjadi parameter standar
mutu kloset duduk dalam SNI 03-0797-2006
• Terlihat ada upaya mengurangi penggunaan air
pada kloset
– Mengurangi volume tangki
– Menyediakan dua tombol pengeluran air: satu tombol
untuk mengeluarkan setengah tangki dan tombol
lainya untuk mengeluarkan seluruh air dalam tangki
• Dalam pengujian teramati, pada beberapa produk,
setelah pembilasan air masih mengalir beberapa
saat sampai flapper menutup rapat
PENUTUP

12. The Development of Composite Panels by
Using Sawdust and PVC Powder
By : L a s i n o

13. The Development of Composite Panels by Using Sawdust and PVC Powder
Introduction
1. High amount of wood
manufacture waste (dust
& chips)
2. The waste can be used
as fuel
3. Building material
innovation needed in
construction works
alternative building components
reducing the environment impact
The development
of composite
panels by using
sawdust and PVC
powder,
Background
Outcome Expected

14. The Development of Composite Panels by Using Sawdust and PVC Powder
Material Resources
Sawn Timber Manufacture
Chipping Grinding Wood Dust

15. The Development of Composite Panels by Using Sawdust and PVC Powder
Research Objective
1. To provide building component alternative
2. To produce good quality and cheap composite
boards
3. Wood waste optimizing as building materials
4. Reducing the environment impacts
5. To fulfill building materials needed in housing and
building construction
6. To prevent forest deterioration
Materials
1. Dust & chips wood waste form from timber manufacture
2. The PVC powder from recycling agent & grinding process (passed 50
& 30 mesh sieve)

16. The Development of Composite Panels by Using Sawdust and PVC Powder
• The wood powder and PVC powder blended in
variously content from 30 to 50% by weight of
wood,
• To achieve the good mixture, it is possible to
add the liquid wax as a substitution material,
• Blending process by using mixer takes 3 to 5
minutes a batch.
Methods – Mixing Process

17. The Development of Composite Panels by Using Sawdust and PVC Powder
Methods – Molding
1. Panel size : 240 cm x 120 cm x thickness.
2. Mixture composition : (30:70), (40:60), and (50:50).
3. Amount of specimen : 6 pcs/ each composition
4. Molding temperature : 160oC
5. Molding pressure : 5 kg/cm2
Step-2; Full-Scale Machine (Hot Press Machine)
Methods – Molding
1. Panel size : 60 cm x 60 cm x thickness.
2. Mixture composition : (30:70), (40:60), and (50:50).
3. Amount of specimen : 6 pcs/ each composition
4. Molding temperature : 150, 155, 160 and 165oC
5. Molding pressure : 5 and 10 kg/cm2
Step-1; Small-Scale Machine (Electrical Hot Press)

18. The Development of Composite Panels by Using Sawdust and PVC Powder
Methods – Molding
Step-1; Small-Scale Machine (Electrical Hot Press)
Raw Materials
Composing Molding Production

19. The Development of Composite Panels by Using Sawdust and PVC Powder
Methods – Molding
Step-2; Full-Scale Machine (Hot Press Machine)
Raw Materials
Mixing Molding Production

20. The Development of Composite Panels by Using Sawdust and PVC Powder
Result & Discussion
Step-1; Small-Scale Machine (Electrical Hot Press)
Table 1-a - Molding Process by 5 kg/cm2 Pressure
No Mixture
Composition
Pressure Temperature Specific
Gravity
Bending
Strength.
Bonding
strength
Moisture
content
PVC : Sawdust kg/cm2 oC Gr/cm3 Kg/cm2 Kg/cm2 %
1 30 : 70 5 150 0.96 54.2 8.6 12.69
2 155 0.98 68.7 12.9 10.01
3 160 1.06 83.8 14.2 8.62
4 165 1.04 82.4 12.7 7.64
1 40 : 60 5 150 0.97 90.7 12.4 11.12
2 155 0.99 112.6 17.6 8.41
3 160 1.04 134.8 32.4 7.34
4 165 1.03 122.4 28.7 7.14
1 50 : 50 5 150 0.97 96.2 21.2 9.10
2 155 0.97 126.6 36.2 8.12
3 160 0.99 165.4 53.2 6.02
4 165 0.99 161.4 49.8 5.66
Note : PVC : Poly Vinyl Chloride

21. The Development of Composite Panels by Using Sawdust and PVC Powder
Result & Discussion
Table 1-b - Molding Process by 10 kg/cm2 Pressure
Note : PVC : Poly Vinyl Chloride
Step-2; small-Scale Machine (Hot Press Machine)
No Mix
proportion
Pressure Temperature Specific
Gravity
Bending
Strength.
Bonding
strength
Moisture
content
PVC : Sawdust kg/cm2 oC Gr/cm3 Kg/cm2 Kg/cm2 %
1 30 : 70 10 150 0.99 59.8 12.1 12.02
2 155 1.02 79.6 14.2 10.01
3 160 1.04 86.1 18.6 9.00
4 165 1.04 82.0 17.9 7.04
1 40 : 60 10 150 0.97 94.2 16.4 9.80
2 155 0.99 124.6 18.9 9.18
3 160 1.01 151.2 29.2 7.64
4 165 1.01 148.6 8.6 6.01
1 50 : 50 10 150 0.98 108.4 21.4 8.04
2 155 0.99 136.4 26.2 7.08
3 160 1.02 172.2 32.4 6.02
4 165 1.02 168.9 34.2 5.06

22. The Development of Composite Panels by Using Sawdust and PVC Powder
Result & Discussion
Figure1 – Correlation Between Strength & Molding Temperature
Forming Process with Pressure
5 kg/cm
2
0
40
80
120
160
200
145 150 155 160 165 170
Temperature (0
C)
BendingStrength
(kg/cm2
)
Bending(Proporsi30:70) Bending(Proporsi40:60) Bending(Proporsi50:50)
Forming Process with Pressure
10 kg/cm2
0
40
80
120
160
200
145 150 155 160 165 170
Temperature (0
C)
BendingStrength
(kg/cm2
)
Bending (Proportion 30:70) Bending (Proportion 40:60) Bending (Proportion 50:50)

23. The Development of Composite Panels by Using Sawdust and PVC Powder
Result & Discussion
Table 1-b - Molding Process by 5 kg/cm2 Pressure at 160 oC
Step-2; Full-Scale Machine (Hot Press Machine)
No Mixture
Compositi
on
Specific
Gravity
Water
Absorp-
tion
Thickness
Swelling
Bending
Strength
*)
Bonding
strength
*)
Moisture
content
Nail
withdraw
*)
PVC :
Sawdust
g/cm3 % % Kgf/cm2 Kgf/cm2 % kgf
1 30 : 70 1,01 47,7 62,5 78,3 13,9 9,02 22,6
2 40 : 60 1,01 34,1 25,0 114,8 28,2 8,40 29,7
3 50 : 50 0,98 5,23 15,0 153,9 48,0 6,20 32,6
Standard
requirement
Min. 0,40 - - Min. 50 Min. 25 Max. 15 -
Note : PVC : Poly Vinyl Chloride
*) : average of 6 samples

24. The Development of Composite Panels by Using Sawdust and PVC Powder
Result & Discussion
Figure2 – Correlation between Strength & Mixture Composition
Test Result of Full Scale Panels
Forming Process with Pressure 5kg/cm2
at 160
0
C
0
40
80
120
160
200
0 1 2 3 4
Mix Proportion
Strength(kg/cm2
)
Bending Bonding
30:70 40:60 50:50
Mixture Composition

25. The Development of Composite Panels by Using Sawdust and PVC Powder
• The bending strength inclines by increasing of PVC
composition in mixture  all wood particle parts
covered by PVC as a bonding material
• The optimum molding process is at 160 oC and 5
kg/cm2 pressure. It indicates that molding
temperature and pressure determine the panel
quality
• The best mixture is a rate of PVC 50% by weight of
wood dust. The product at this condition shows the
figures of bending and bonding structure, which
comply to the standard requirement. It indicates
that PVC content in mixture composition
determines the panel quality
S . y . n . t . h . e . s . y . s

26. The Development of Composite Panels by Using Sawdust and PVC Powder
• Sawdust is a potential board raw material, which is
effectively bonded by PVC
• Sawdust and PVC powder composite panels is liable to
be cheaper, easier supplying, and good quality materials
• The optimum composite panels molding process is at
160 oC and 5 kg/cm2 pressure.
• The best mixture of composite panels is a rate of PVC
50% by weight of wood dust. It indicates that PVC
content in mixture composition affects the bending and
bonding structure, which comply to the standard
requirement.
• The utilization of wood waste as composite panels might
not strongly reduce the environment impact only, but
also prevent the forest deterioration
C.o.n.c.l.u.s.s.i.o.n

27. High Performance Glass &
Contribution to Green Building
Hence Purnawan
Park Hotel, Bandung
Aug 6th , 2015

28.  June 2010, Greenship for New Building
Revised February 2012 - (Voluntary Basis)
 January 2011, Greenship for Existing
Building
 November 2011, Greenship Home
 April 2012, Greenship for Interior Space
Voluntary Basis
28
Green Building Trend in Indonesia
Established
2009
 DKI Jakarta Government Regulation
No. 38/2012 ( Applied - April 2012)
 OTTV ≤ 45 W/m2 (Overall Thermal Transfer Value)
 Mandatory for New Building
- Early 2013, Proposal by SNI to achieved OTTV ≤ 35 W/m2 -
postponed by JKT’s Government due to close timing with April’s
announcement.
 Possible adoption by other cities : Bandung,
Surabaya, Makassar ??

29. 1. Identify which component contributes the most to OTTV.
2. Review Solar Correction Factor (CF)
=> Review building orientation (east, west, north, south)
3. Review glazing selection
=> Shading Coefficient (SC) & U Value (Uv)
4. Review Sun Shading / Visor
=> Will further improve glazing SC
5. Review Window to Wall Ratio (WWR) & Wall Material (Uw &
TDeq)
OTTV - What are the key parameters for Glass?
OTTV = α((1-WWR)*Uw)*TDeq) + (WWR*Uf*ΔT) +
(WWR*SC*CF)
Wall factor Fenestration Factor
For Glazing – SC & U Value are the Important factor in OTTV

30. Introduction – Energy (Heat) Sources
Outside Inside
Long IR >
2500 nm
UV, visible,
short IR
Re-radiated heat. Long IR.
Also important to block the
transfer. Often neglected.
Long IR >
2500 nm
GLASS

31. 0
0.5
1.0
1.5
Intensity
(W/m²)
Wavelength
(nm)
280 380 780
Energy
2500
UV Light Short I.R.
Introduction – Solar Radiancy
Solar spectrum :
UV : 280 to 380 nm  5% energy
Light : 380 to 780 nm  50% energy
Short I.R. : 780 to 2500 nm  45% energy

32. • DET : Direct Energy
Transmission
• ER : Energy Reflection
• EA : Energy Absorption
• G Value = SF : Solar factor
Key parameters to characterize a glass product
}g
ER
re
0.08
0.87
DET
te 0.85
1
Single Glass Clear 3mm
Heat
qi
qe
0.05 0.02
0.07
EA
ae
Solar
Factor
Think of it as the glass ability to block the heat, we feel, from the sun
The lower the SF, the better!

33. How to decrease the
solar factor ?
Reradiated
Energy
Reradiated
Energy
Direct
Energy
Transmission
(DET)
Energy
Absorption
(EA)
Energy
Reflection
(ER)
 Modify the glass
composition (mainly changes
the absorption)
 tinted float
 Apply a coating...
(mainly changes the energy
reflection/absorption)
 pyrolitic coatings
– Stopsol
– Sunergy
 magnetron coatings
– Solarbel
– Stopray
Glazing Functions – Light & Solar Control
Solar Factor (SF) =
Direct Energy Transmission (DET) +
Inside Re-radiated Energy (EAi)

34.  Using Colored / Tinted Glass
35% more effective in blocking solar energy (6mm Clear
Vs 6mm Green).
6mm Clear
Glass
6mm Green
Glass
0,07
0,81
0,02
0,1
SF
0,83
0,06
0,39
0,15
0,40
SF
0,54
U-Value = 5,7 W/m2.K
Modify the composition of the glass

35. COPY RIGHT RESERVED.
MINIMUM free
solar heat
Outside Inside
COATING
Heat being reflected
Method of Coating – Basic Concept

36. Types of Coated glass
Low E
Pyrolithic Coating
(On Line)
Low E +
Solar Control
Magnetron Sputtering
Coating (Off Line)
Low E
Low-E +
Solar Control
Reflective
Solar control
Reflective
Solar control
 Pyrolitic / Online process
High Temp. Process
-> High Durability & Scratch Resistance
Load
Washer Inspectio
n
Buffer
Buffer
Coat
zones
Unload
 Magnetron / Offline process
 Vacuum – deposit
-> Custom coatings benefit
Combination with various tinted glass

37.  Using Coated Reflective Glass
 53% more effective in blocking solar energy (6mm Clear Vs 6mm
Stopsol Classic Green).
6mm Clear Glass 6mm Stopsol Classic Green Glass (#2)
0,07
0,81
0,02
0,10
SF
0,83
0,11
0,22
0,17
0,50
SF
0,39
U-Value = 5,7 W/m2.K
Reflective Coating
Method of Coating – Reflective Glass

38.  Using Coated Solar Control Low E
 49% more effective in blocking solar energy (6mm Clear Vs 6mm
Sunergy Green) + Lower U-Value (26% Lower Vs non Low-E Glass)
6mm Clear Glass 6mm Sunergy Green Glass (#2)
0,07
0,81
0,02
0,10
SF
0,83
0,06
0,31
0,11
0,52
SF
0,42
U-Value = 5,7 W/m2.K U-Value = 4,2 W/m2.K
Solar Control Low E
Coating
Method of Coating – Solar Control Low E

39. Indoor temperature :
Tin
Outdoor temperature :
Tout
Convection
Radiation
Conduction
U-Value =
Heat loss
Temperature difference
(W/m².K)
Radiation
Convection
Represent
70% of the
heat transfer
Represent
30% of the
heat transfer
Glazing Functions – Thermal Insulation

40. Amount of heat transfer through the glass (per m2) per Degree
Celsius difference between outdoor and indoor temperature
Example : if the U-value of the glass was 4.0 w/m2 K, then…
Outdoor
Temperature
Indoor
Temperature
Temperature
diff
Heat transfer
W/m2
25 25 0 0
26 25 1 4
27 25 2 8
28 25 3 12
30 25 5 20
The lower the U-Value, the better performance the glass.
U-value

41. 4 mm Single Clear
U = 5,8 W/(m² K)
Ar
Glazing functions – Thermal insulationGlazing Functions – Thermal Insulation
4 mm Single Low E
U = 3.7 W/(m² K)
4-12-4 IGU Clear
U = 2.9 W/(m² K)
4-12-4 IGU Low E
U = 1.9 W/(m² K)
4-12Argon-4 IGU Low E
U = 1.6 W/(m² K)
IGU with Low E coating give better thermal insulation (Lower U Value)

42. OTTV simulation

43. OTTV simulation
Normal
Glass
Coated
Glass
Double Glazing w/
Coated Glass
Coated Glass helps reduce up to 50 -65%
heat gain vs clear/tinted float

44. Building with GBCI certification – New
Building
Kementerian PU
Nomor Sertifikat :
002/PP/NB/III-2013
Peringkat Yang Dicapai :
Platinum. Agustus 2013 - Agustus 2016
Sertifikat GREENSHIP :
Bangunan Baru (New Building-NB).

45. Building with GBCI certification – New
Building
Alamanda Tower
Nomor Sertifikat :
003/RP/NB/XII-2014
Peringkat Yang Dicapai :
Gold, Desember 2014 - Desember 2017
Sertifikat GREENSHIP :
Bangunan Baru (New Building-NB).

46. Building with GBCI certification – New
Building
Green Office Park 6
Nomor Sertifikat :
006/RP/NB/V-2015
Peringkat Yang Dicapai :
Gold Mei 2015 - Mei 2018
Sertifikat GREENSHIP :
Bangunan Baru (New Building-NB).

47. Terima Kasih