Waste plastic utilization in pavements and its mixture with bitumen

1. UTILIZATION OF PLASTIC WASTE IN
FLEXIBLE PAVEMENTS
GUIDE NAME
Mr. SAI NAGENDRA(M.E)
T.Bharath Kumar(12781A01B3)
P.S.Teja Kumar(12781A0190)
J.V.Narsimha(12781A0144)
B.Siddaiah(12781A0112)
B.S.Uday Kiran(13785A0103)

3. INTRODUCTION
Today the availability of waste plastic is
enormous, as the plastic materials has become
parcel of daily life. The present disposal of plastic is
either by land filling or Incineration. Both the
process have certain impact on environment.
In the construction of flexible pavements,
bitumen plays the role of binding the aggregate
together by coating over the aggregate it also helps
to improve the strength of road. But its resistance
towards water is poor.
In order to overcome this problem a common
method to improve the quality of bitumen by
modifying the rheological properties of bitumen by
blending with waste plastic.

4. WHY WE USE PLASTIC
Plastic Consumption(Tons) in India
Cost of plastic(segregation,cleaning,shredding) is
Rs 10 per kg and cost of bitumen is Rs 30 per kg.
We replace 4-8% of plastic by weight of bitumen,
which requires 0.4-0.8 tons of plastic per km.

5. REVIEW OF LITERATURE
 Ms.Apurva Chavan (2013) says that “ using plastic waste will
help reduction in need of bitumen by around 10%,increase the
strength and performance of road”.
 Mrs.Vidula swami (2012) says that “the addition of plastic
increases the hardness of the bitumen”.
 Kalantar et al (2010) investigated the possibility of using
waste PET as polymer additives for binder in asphalt mix.
Waste PET is powdered and mixed in proportions 2, 4, 6 , 8
and 10 % ( by the weight of OBC) with bitumen at temperature
150 C. PET modified binder resulted in higher resistance to
permanent deformation and higher resistance to rutting due to
their higher softening point when compared to conventional
binders.

6. MATERIALS USED
AGGREGATE :
Aggregate of size passing through 12.5mm and retaining on
10 mm.
BITUMEN:
60/70 grade bitumen
WASTE PLASTIC:
Waste plastic in the shredded form, passing through 4.75mm
IS Sieve, retaining on 2.36mm sieve

7. METHODOLOGY

8. MIXING PROCESS
• In this process the aggregates are heated to 170
C and shredded plastic waste is added in
proportion by weight to the hot aggregate, this
plastic gets coated over the aggregate uniformly.
Immediately the hot bitumen 160 C is added with
the mixture.
Dry process
• In this process blending of waste plastics by direct
mixing of shredded plastics with hot bitumen at
160C is done. mechanical stirrer is needed as the
mixing is difficult because of differences in
viscosities of molten polymer and bitumen.
Wet process

9. AGGREGATE PLASTIC MIX
In this process the aggregates are heated to 170 C and shredded plastic
waste is added in proportion by weight to the hot aggregate, this plastic
gets coated over the aggregate uniformly

10. FOLLOWING ARE THE TESTS CONDUCTED IN
LABORATORIES
Impact Test (IS: 2386 Part IV-1963)
 Aggregates was sieved through 12.5mm and 10mm
 Mould of internal diameter 7.5cm
 Tampering rod of 1cm diameter and 23cm long rounded
at one end.
 The aggregate sample was compacted with hammer of
14kg from a height of 38cm and 15 blows were applied.
 The aggregate sieved through 2.36mm sieve to
calculate impact value.
The results of Impact test with various percentage
of plastic in aggregates are shown in Table and Figure

11. Plastic Coated Aggregates
Plain aggregates
Impact
testing
machine

12. Stone Aggregate % of plastic Aggregate Impact
Value
Without Plastic
Coating
0 19.85%
With Plastic Coating
4 9.8%
6 8%
8 4.24%
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 5 10
AggregateImpact
value
% of plastic
Aggregate Impact
value

13. Aggregate Crushing Test
(IS:2386(Part IV)-1963)
 Aggregates was sieved through 12.5mm and
10mm
 Mould of internal diameter 152mm
 Tampering rod of 16mm diameter and 450mm
long rounded at one end.
 The cylinder with test sample and plunger in
position is placed on compression testing
machine, a uniform rate of 4tonnes/minute until
total load is 40 tones.
 The aggregate sieved through 2.36mm sieve to
calculate crushing value.
The results of Aggregate Crushing Test with
various percentage of plastic in aggregates are
shown in Table and Figure

14. PLAIN AGGREGATES
AGGREGATES COATED WITH
PLASTIC

15. Stone Aggregate % of plastic Aggregate Crushing
Value
Without Plastic
Coating
0 35%
With Plastic Coating
4 20.35%
6 19.10%
8 17.8%
17.5
18
18.5
19
19.5
20
20.5
0 5 10
Aggregatecrushing
value
% of plastic
Aggregate
Crushing value

16. LOS ANGLES ABRASION TEST IS:2386 (PART IV)-1963
Stone Aggregate % of plastic Abrasion Value
Without plastic coating 0 13.5%
With plastic coating
4 12.13%
6 11.25%
8 9.73%

17. 0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0 5 10
Abrasionvalue
%of plastic
Abrasion value

18. Specific Gravity of Aggregates (IS :2386(Part IV-1963)
2.68
2.71
2.682.65

19. LABORATORY TESTS ON BITUMEN
• Ring ball apparatus
• IS:1205-1978
Softening
point test
• Ductility apparatus
• IS:1203-1978
Ductility
test
• Pensky - martens
apparatus
• IS :1209-1978
Flash and
fire point

20. FLASH AND FIRE POINT TEST
DUCTILITY TEST
SOFTENING
POINT
TEST

21. Sno Tests conducted Test results
1 Ductility 73cm
2 Flash Point 90 C
3 Fire Point 165 C
`
4 Softening Point 49/56

22. MARSHALL STABILITY TEST
 Required quantities of coarse aggregate, fine
aggregate & mineral fillers were taken in an iron
pan.

23.  This was kept in an oven at temperature 1600C for
2 hours. This is because the aggregate and
bitumen are to be mixed in heated state so
preheating is required.
 The bitumen was also heated up to its melting point
prior to the mixing.
 The required amount of shredded polythene was
weighed and kept in a separate container
 The aggregates in the pan were heated on a
controlled gas stove for a few minutes maintaining
the above temperature.
 The high density polythene was added to the
aggregate and was mixed for 2 minutes.

24.  Now bitumen (60 gm), i.e. 5% was added to this
mix and the whole mix was Stirred uniformly and
homogenously. This was continued for 15-20
minutes till they were properly mixed which was
evident from the uniform colour throughout the mix.
 Then the mix was transferred to a casting mould.
 This mix was then compacted by the Marshall
Hammer.
 75 no. Of blows were given per each side of the
sample so subtotal of 150 no. of Blows were given
per sample.
 Then these samples with moulds were kept
separately and marked

25. MARSHALL SAMPLING
MOULD
MARSHALL HAMMER

26. MARSHALL SAMPLES

27. OBSERVATION FOR THE MARSHAL STABILITY
S.no Plastic added(%) Stability(kg)
1 0 1010
2 4 1650
3 6 1735
4 8 1930
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
0 5 10
Stabilityinkg
% of plastic
Stability in kg
stability in kg

28. ADVANTAGES
 Strength of the road is increased
 Better resistant to water and water stagnation.
 Increases binding and better bonding of the mix.
 Better soundness property.
 Maintenance cost of the road is almost nil.
 No effect of radiation like UV.

29. CONCLUSION
 Plastic roads has added more value in minimizing
the disposal of plastic waste as an eco-friendly
technique.
 This innovative technology not only strengthened
the road construction but also increased the road
life.
 Plastic roads would be boon for India’s hot &
extremely humid climate, where temperature
frequently cross 50°C .

30. REFERENCES
 “Chavan A.” (2013). “Use Of Plastic Waste In Flexible Pavements”
International Journal Of Application Or Innovation In Engineering And
Management ISSN 2319- 4847, Volume 2, Issue 4, April 2013
 “Devi R. M, Stephen L. Mini.I.M,” (2013) “Reduction Of Optimum
Bitumen Content In Bituminous Mixes Using Plastic Coated
Aggregates”. International Journal of Innovative Research in
Science, Engineering and Technology Vol. 2, Issue 3, March 2013
 “Gawande.A.,Zamare.G.,Renge.V.C.,Tayde.S.,Bharsakale.G (2012)
“An Overview On Waste Plastic Utilization In Asphalting Of Roads”
International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering
and Technology Vol. 2, Issue 3, March 2013.

31.  Joseph Mercy, et.al. (2013) “Study On Use Of Plastic Waste In Road
Construction” International Journal of Innovative Research in Science,
Engineering and Technology., Vol. 2, Issue 3, March 2013. .
 Kumar, S and Gaikwad, SA “Municipal Solid Waste Management in
Indian Urban Centres: an approach for betterment”, in Gupta K.R.(Ed):
Urban Development Debates in the New Millennium, Atlantic Publishers
and Distributors, New Delhi, pp. 100-111,(2004).
 “R Vasudevan.,”(2007)l “Utilization of Waste Polymers for Flexible
Pavement and Easy Disposal of Waste Polymers”, International
Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management, 5 - 7, Chennai,
India pp-105-111, 2007.
 “Soni Apurva , K.K Punjabi” (2013). “Improving The Performance Of
Bituminous Concrete Mix By Waste Plastic. Int. Journal of Engineering
Research and Applications pp.863-868

32.  “Shedame Pankaj , Pitale Nikhil” (2014)
“Experimental Study Of Bituminous Concrete
Containg Plastic Waste Material” IOSR Journal of
Mechanical and Civil Engineering. PP 37-45.
 “Prasad Shiva , ” (2012) “ Study On Marshall
Stability Properties Of BC Mix Used In Road
Construction By Adding Waste Plastic Bottles”,
IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering
PP 12-23..