Alan Nicol Keynote Speech

Water supply and sanitation in Africa Optimism or pessimism? Some reflections Alan Nicol RiPPLE / ODI

Two views ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Which, in global terms could mean… ,[object Object]

At present the situation suggests a pessimistic perspective in SSA

So, it is useful to look a little more in-depth at a ‘meso level’

Where, in rural, areas… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

…and in towns ,[object Object],[object Object]

Ethiopia’s complex policy and institutional environment ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Some brief findings of the research to date… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

…Case studies looking at: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Evidence from the Welfare Monitoring Surveys ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Evidence from a household survey ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Costs and benefits of multiple uses of water ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Tentative conclusions… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Taking forward thinking at a micro level…in relation to adaptation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Back to the challenge World SSA

So, addressing the issue optimistically…

How about some ‘pessoptimism’? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Thank you! ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Alan Nicol Keynote Speech

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Alan Nicol Keynote Speech

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