The presentation raises awareness about the harmful effects of fireworks during Diwali, including air and noise pollution, and the health hazards they pose. It highlights the significant contribution of fireworks to climate change and child labor in India, stressing the need for safer alternatives to celebrate. The document concludes with a call to action to mitigate environmental impact and make conscious choices for future celebrations.

1. It’s now or
never!!
Created by:
-Prarthana Kharod
-Meghana Kharod
-Stuti Mankad

2. What is the presentation all about?
• Diwali is originally religious festival
• Presently, main attraction –”FIREWORKS”
• We are trying to create an awareness about
the harmful effects of fireworks, by this
presentation…

3. Types of fireworks
Fireworks
Sparklers Firecrackers

4. Composition
Possible components of any firework:-
1. KNO3 7. NaHCO3
2. BaCl3 8. Carbon
3. As 9. Sulfur
4. Strontium Nitrate 10.Perchlorate
5. Potassium 11. Aluminium Powder
Perchlorate
6. Copper Oxide

5. Fireworks and Air pollution
• Emission of smoke -more in the light illuminating fire
cracker- Levels of SO2 & RSPM (respirable suspended
particulate matter) -marginally higher on Diwali day.
• Increase of 9.5% in Air pollution every year-after Diwali.
• Combustion processes in industry, power stations &
traffic or from volcanic eruptions into the atmosphere 
emission of SO2 & NO2  photochemical oxidation 
combination of acids with the water droplets in clouds 
fall on the surface of the earth as rain, snow or sleet
• Critical levels of SPM were observed in residential areas of
many Indian cities including Ahmedabad, Vadodara,
Jamnagar of Gujarat.

6. Ten locations having highest concentration of Sulphur Dioxide during year 2003
Residential Areas
S.
No
Location State Annual Average conc.
(µg/m 3 )
1 Nal Stop, Pune Maharashtra 36
2. Swargate, Pune Maharashtra 34
3. Nashik Municipal Council, Maharashtra 30
Nashik
4. RTO Colony Tank, Nasik Maharashtra 27
5. Grasim Kalyan Kendra, Nagda Madhya Pradesh 22
6 Visak Hostel, Sector 4, Bhilai Chattisgarh 22
7. Vapi Nagar Palika, Vapi Gujarat 20
8. Chitale Clinic, Solapur Maharashtra 20
9. Cadilla Bridge, Narole, Gujarat 19
Ahmedabad
10. City Dandia Bazaar, Vadodara Gujarat 19

7. Ten Locations Having Highest Concentration of RSPM during year 2003
Residential Areas
S.
No.
Location State Annual
Average
conc. (µg/m
3)
1. Regional Office, Jalandhar Punjab 245*
2. New HIG-9, Hirapur, Raipur Chattisgarh 240*
3. Regional Office, Punjab SPCB/ Punjab 218*
Vishwakarma Chowk, Ludhiana
4. Regional Office, Alwar Rajasthan 198*
5. Town Hall, Delhi Delhi 189*
6. HIG 21, 22, New Ghantaghar, Korba Chattisgarh 183*
7. Cadilla Bridge Narol, Ahmedabad Gujarat 179*
8. City Dandia Bazaar, Vadodara Gujarat 178*
9. Kidwai Nagar, Kanpur Uttar Pradesh 174*
10 Deputy ka Padao, Kanpur Uttar Pradesh 173*

8. Health hazards of air pollution
• Harmful chemicals emitted through smoke
–known to cause various respiratory diseases
• Bright light – eye damage

9. Specific health effects of various
compounds
Chlorate Barium compounds
• Toxic by inhalation & • Toxic through
ingestion inhalation &
accidental ingestion
• Direct exposure – Red
• Soluble Barium salts in
blood cell destruction
firecrackers –
• Directly affects vomiting, abdominal
Kidney. pain, bloody diarrhea,
shallow breathing,
convulsions, coma,
death.

10. Nitrate compounds Sulfur compounds
• Toxic through • Acute inhalation of
inhalation & skin Sulfur powder/dust –
contact shortness of breath,
• Inhalation – acute cough, tightness &
pulmonary edema or feeling of burning in
COPD the chest
• Skin contact – • Poisoning – irritation
significant absorption of eyes, skin, lungs &
from burnt areas – GIT
causes corrosion of
skin & other tissues

11. • Copper – irritation of respiratory tract
• Cadmium – Anemia and kidney damage
• Lead – Nervous system affection
• Magnesium – Dust & fume cause metal fume
fever
• Sodium – Reacts violently with moisture & can
attack skin

12. Cloud of dust…Surrounding the Earth

13. Fireworks and Noise pollution
• Noise- Wrong sound, at wrong time, at
wrong place
• <80 db- No hearing loss
• 80-130 db- Temporary hearing loss
• >=150 db- physical rupture of human ear
drum
• Crackers that make a noise of more than 125
db at 4 meter distance from the point of
bursting- banned by the law.

14. Remember- Noise made by
most of the crackers, harm
us.

15. Health hazards of Noise pollution
1. Auditory
• Physical damage to ear
• Inability to detect weak sounds

16. 2. Non Auditory
• High Blood Pressure
• Emotional and psychological effects
• Irritability, anxiety, stress
• Mental fatigue
• Poor performance of school children
• Affects particularly children
• May lead to accidents like fire, blasts etc.

17. Global warming & climate change
• Burning issue
• Global warming has changed the climate,
significantly

18. The melting ice…effect of Global Warming

19. Where should I go now???

20. Melting ice on the mountains…

21. Effects of Climate Change
• The joint warmest years globally since world records began
in 1856 were 1998 and 2005, followed by 2001/2/3/4/6!
• In last 50 years, The Arctic ice sheet has lost almost half its
thickness-contracting at approx 8% per decade.
• Water shortages occurred.
• According to the insurance industry, three times as many
severe natural disasters during the 1990s as during the
1960s.
• Lengthening of growing seasons in the most northern and
southern countries, animal and plant species moving to
higher ground, decline of some animal and plant
populations, earlier tree flowering, insect emergence and
egg-laying in birds.

22. Continue…
Effects of Climate Change
• Additional deaths due to the migration of disease
caused by warming could already be 5 million,
according to the World Health Organization.
• Desertification of Northern China ,During 2005,
desert has increased by an area larger than Britain.
• During 2003, high temperature caused over 20,000
deaths in Europe. In India- 1400 people died due
to the exceptional temperature up to 49°C.

23. Fireworks & Child Labor
• India has the largest number of child
workers in the world.
• Most of the fireworks-manufactured by child
labourers.
• Gov. of India banned child labour.
• The children are doing their work at home
to fetch money, particularly in Sivakashi,
Tamilnadu.

24. Child labour
• Children, spread over Nungi and
Champahati in South 24 Parganas or
Bagnan in Howrah, West Bengal, are
making fire crackers.
• According to the 2001 census, India has 12.6
million child workers. Activists estimate the
figure is more than 60 million.

25. Advantages & disadvantages of
fireworks
 Advantages  Disadvantages
1. Enjoyment 1. Increase in Air pollution,
2. Kill insects Noise pollution
2. Significant role in climate
change and Global warming
3. Significant contribution in
child labour
4. They can harm the human
body
5. Kill insects

26. New and safer ways to celebrate
Diwali
• Decorate your house
• Shop for you and your family.
• Prepare sweets and enjoy them
• Spend your saved money on an outing. Have a nice
trip with your family members.
• Use that money for some good cause.
• Watch movies and stage programmes
• Invest your precious money and secure your future

27. If no action is taken…
• Already, Global warming and greenhouse
effect have started changing the basic
formation of air.
• If we don’t take any action, end of the Earth
is not so far.

28. Some Predicted Future Effects of
Climate Change
• IPCC (International Panel for Climate Change)’s
prediction- global rise of between 1.1ºC and 6.4ºC by 2100 .
There is a rise of up to +8°C or even +11ºC. This would
make life intolerable or unsurvivable.
• Continuing spread of malaria and other diseases, much
increased insect population. Respiratory illnesses due to
poor air quality with higher temperatures.
• Extinction of large numbers of animal and plant species.
• Due to warmer water and melting ice- sea level would rise,
The IPCC predicts between 28cm and 43cm by 2100, with
consequent high storm wave heights, threatening to
displace up to 200 million people.

29. • 50% less rainfall in the tropics. Severe water
shortages within 25 years – potentially affecting
5 billion people. Widespread crop failures.
• 50% more river volume by 2100 in northern
countries.
• Desertification and burning down of agricultural
land and forests.
• Risk of wars fought for water and habitable
territory.
• Asia is currently the region most affected by
acidification

30. • Remember, we have only 95 years to recover
the damage, according to the scientists.
• It is a very short period to survive.
• Now we have to decide, what we want.
Enjoyment and luxury or life?
• It is the time to act…
Do or die!!!

31. Acknowledgement
I sincerely thank the following sources….
• Greenfacts.com
• The Earth institute at Columbia University
• indianchild.com
• transport2000.org
• cca.org
• cpcb.nic.in
• diwalifestival.org
• Exploringourenvironment (Maharashtra government site)

32. LET’S CELEBRATE
ECO-DIWALI…

33. HAPPY ECO-DIWALI
THANK YOU…