2. How do you make it
• Linocutting is a printmaking method
• Linocutting is a variant of woodcutting
• A design is carved into the linocut exterior with a sharp
knife called the V cutter.
• The lino is inked with a roller and then it must be
impressed onto paper or fabric.
• The printing can be done by hand

3. • First I thought about an Idea about sketching something, it
took me about 2mins then I started sketching my work on a
sketch pad.
• I sketched kind of everything that came on my mind.
• Then I traced some of my work on a tracing paper and
shaded some bits in, afterwards I flipped the tracing paper
and I laid the paper on a lino cutting and cello taped around

4. • When I did that, I started tracing on it
and I put pressure on it to make the
sketch appear on the lino.
• On the lino cutting my sketch appeared,
after that I carved my sketch into the
lino cutting with a tool called the V
cutter.
• It was hard but I got there in the end.
• When I finished I took my lino and
painted it with water based ink using a
roller, after that I laid paper on top and
started pressing on it with a spoon.
• When I finished it had been printed on a
piece of paper, this was the final
process.

5. How it can be used
•Linocutting can be used to make a hand print, e.g, sketches,
you need to make a hand print of your sketches, is by using a
tracing paper, the sketched paper, roller, V cutter, spoon, cello
tape and a water based ink, blank paper and a pencil.

6. You need first to trace the sketch by using a tracing paper,
then you need to flip the tracing paper on its other side,
after that you put the tracing paper on a linocut and tape
around the linocut so the paper would not move, then you
start to outline around the sketched piece with a pencil, but
there must be pressure so the sketch can be copied on the
linocut, afterwards you have to remove the tape and the
sketch.

7. Then it will be printed on the linocut, when it has, you must
get the V cutter so you can carve the outline the sketch on
the linocut, when the carving is finished, after that you need
to paint on the lino is by using a water based ink with a
roller, you role on the lino with the ink, then you have to put
a blank paper on the lino, after that you have to use a
spoon and then rolling the spoon on the paper, when you
finish rolling the sketching, the sketching will be printed on
the blank paper.
That is how it is done.

8. Advantages and disadvantages
of Linocutting
Advantages
• The first advantage Is cheap, you can copy as much as
you want of the sketch that printed on the lino and copy
the sketch so many times by using 4 things, blank paper,
a roller, ink and spoon.
• You roll ink with roller on the lino, then you put the blank
paper on the lino , after that you roll the spoon on the
paper, the sketch will be copied on the paper and that is
it, you can do this method again and again with out
spending lots of money on printing.

9. • The second advantage of linocutting is you can print, not just
on piece of paper you can e.g. print on cards and this is
good, so you can make something special for your family,
friends etc.
• The last advantage of linocutting is you can print different
kinds of things from it, onto different things, such as a blank
paper, or you can make different kinds of shapes from the
paper and the lino.
• This will be so much helpful for people than using normal
printers to print stuff, some printers can do these things, but
they will cost lots of money.

10. •
The first disadvantage of Linocutting, is dangerous,
when carving the sketch onto the lino with the V cutter,
so the person must keep one hand on the lino, so it
would not move and the other it must be grasped on the
cutter to carve the sketch, but the person hand must be
kept from the edge of the cutter so they wouldn’t be any
accidents.

11. • The second disadvantage of Linocutting, it takes a long
time to print the sketch on a blank paper, if the sketch is
not printed on the lino, it takes long time to prepare the
things that you need for printing and to start, sketching,
tracing, carving and so on.
• So a person must, think about his time, the person must
not rush, so he can print correctly.
• If he makes on mistake he must repeats the whole thing
all over again.

12. •
The last disadvantage of Linocutting, it can’t not be
used in factories, so if the person wants to buy a printed
e.g. image from linocutting, he has to buy it from e.g
privet homes.

13. Offset Lithography: Mechanical
Printing
• Offset Lithography: Offset printing is a commonly used
printing method, where the inked image is moved from a
plate to a rubber sheet, then to the printing surface.
• It is founded on the repulsion of oil and water, the offset
method uses a flat denoting image carrier.
• where the image have to be printed to get ink from ink
rollers, while the non-printing part appeals a waterbased film, known as "fountain solution", keeping the
non-printing parts ink-free.

14. Unlike the other types of printing, in offset lithography the
image on the printing plate is not attached or lifted.
Rollers apply oil-based ink and water to the plates ,
because oil and water don't combine, the oil-based ink
would not stick to the non-image parts. Only the inked
image segment is then transferred to a rubber cylinder
that then transfers the image onto the paper as it passes,
between it and another cylinder beneath the paper. The
meaning of offset referring to the remark, that the image
isn't printed directly to the paper from the plates, but is
offset or transferred to an additional surface that then
makes contact with the paper.

15. • Offset lithography can be used by magazine and
newspaper publishers. It also used for stationary such as
books and brochure printing, people can be expected in
high-quality production from this technique. Computer
aids are as well used to calculate the right mixture of
colures to create certain images.

16. Advantages and disadvantages
of Offset lithography
Advantages
• The first advantage of Offset lithography, it is high and
consistent image quality. The method can be used for
small, medium or the best jobs. There are two kinds
of offset printing machines in common usage for
publication today.
• One of them is in sheet-fed offset printing: separate
pages of paper are supplied into the machine, the
pages can be pre-cut to the final publication size or
decorated in
after printing.

17. The second advantage of Offset lithography, is the
cheapest printer to make high quality advertisements.

18. The last advantage of Offset lithography, it produces big
jobs, meaning that a company can make lots of copies from
that print that they have done such as a piece of drawing,
this is excellent, that mean they make lots of money from
their customers and it them saves money.

19. • The first disadvantage of Offset lithography, plates are
expensive and they wear out fast,
• This is not good, because they are necessary for Offset
lithography; the machine would not print without these
plates and more money need to be paid to buy them.
• The second disadvantage of Offset lithography, is time
consuming, if you the press is in a hurry to do a job,
offset printing would not offer a fast result. It takes time to
set-up the printing press. The plates will first need to be
improved as well, it will not just affect the timing of the
press, it will make them worry and they will not work in a
proper way.

20. • The last disadvantage of Offset lithography, it has slightly
poorer image quality compared to other types of printing
such as rotogravure or photogravure.
• Tendency for anodized aluminium printing plates to
become sensitive, because to chemical oxidation and
print in non-image/background parts when developed
plates are not cared for properly.

21. • Laser printing, is an electrostatic digital printing method
that quickly makes high quality text and graphics by
passing a laser beam over a charged drum to define a
different charged image.
• The drum then selectively collects a charged powder
called toner and then transfers the image to a blank
paper, which is then heated to permanently repair the
image.

22. • Laser printing can be, used to make documents such as
a report from Microsoft word or you have a pretention
from a PowerPoint you want to print or maybe you have
images you want print to advertise your supermarket.

23. • The first advantage of Laser printing, is cheap, Laser
printers are cheaper to use, if you print more papers.
• The second advantage of Laser printing, needs no ink, it
uses toner.
• There is nothing need to be dried up, so nobody have to
wait and waist his time for the ink to dry up.

24. • The last advantage of Laser printing,, it is cheap, every
time you print from it, the only expensive thing is the laser
when you need to set it up.

25. • The first disadvantage of Laser printing, it uses
toner, toner is a microscopic powder that contains of
plastics, colorants and other chemicals.
• It is like any small powder, but it is dangerous, it can
be gathered up and carried by the air and you can
breathe it in. resulting to illness and air pollution.
• The second disadvantage of Laser printer ,it is a big
printer , it is made of complicated technology, it
carries out fast output, it is a fairly large hardware
gadget
and that is not good for anybody who treat the printer
badly, it will not work in a proper way , the owner
must take care, the setup most not be wrong.

26. • The last disadvantage of Laser printing, they operate
badly, with any normal paper you have. Between the
complicated way that paper travels inside them and their
high temperature fuser rollers, you can’t print whatever
paper you have with a laser printer.
• So you need to use specially designed papers for laser
printers, or the printer will be damaged, so the owner
must be careful of which paper he uses.