Nuclear energy is released through fission, fusion, or radioactive decay. Fission powers nuclear reactors by splitting uranium atoms, releasing energy to heat water and drive steam turbines that generate electricity. Fusion is how the sun produces energy by fusing hydrogen atoms into helium. While nuclear energy provides large amounts of energy without pollution, it also has disadvantages like producing radioactive waste and risks of accidents. Current nuclear plants use improved boiling water or pressurized water reactor technologies.