Intermittent fasting is more flexible than keto when it comes to the types of food you can eat. This increases the pool of available vitamins and minerals obtainable from the diet. Intermittent fasting can be modified for those who require or desire shorter fasts and is not mandatory to fast every day. Keto is all or nothing: you’re either in ketosis or not and keto requires strict daily adherence.

1. Keto Diet Vs
Intermittent Fasting

2. OBESITY
Obesity has become one of the most important public
health problems globally and is strongly associated with
• Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)
• Cardiovascular diseases including;
• Myocardial infarction
• Stroke
• Osteoarthritis
• Obstructive sleep apnea
• Depression
• And some types of cancer, such as breast, ovarian, prostate, liver,
kidney, and colon cancer.
J Obes Metab Syndr. 2021 Mar 30; 30(1): 20–31.

4. Obesity in humans
The principle of weight gain is simple:
Energy intake > Energy expenditure.
Molecular Metabolism. 2021 Nov 14:101393.; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK221839/

5. Global Prevalence of Obesity
• > 650 million adults worldwide suffer from obesity, and the prevalence of this
condition has increased rapidly during the past 50 years.
• Obesogenic environments and biological & psychological factors all contribute
to obesity. However, obesogenic environments, including social determinants,
cultures, and food supply systems, are challenging to modify.
• Therefore, dietary interventions remain the cornerstone of weight-management
strategies, and pharmacologic and surgical interventions also aim to improve
dietary management.
J Obes Metab Syndr. 2021 Mar 30; 30(1): 20–31.

6. Key components of weight-management
strategies through Diet
• Complex factors shape and influence diets, especially for weight
management. However, Amount of food eaten, Type of food
consumed (macronutrient composition), and Meal timing are the key
components of weight-management strategies.
J Obes Metab Syndr. 2021 Mar 30; 30(1): 20–31.

7. Based on the strategies, two types of diet
are very common in today’s date;
&

8. What is Intermittent Fasting?
• Intermittent fasting is an eating method that cycles
between calorie restriction — or fasting — and normal
food consumption during a specific time period.
• There are many different types of intermittent fasting
routines, including the 5:2 method, the Warrior Diet
and alternate-day fasting.
• Perhaps the most popular kind of intermittent fasting
is the 16/8 method, which involves eating during an
eight-hour timeframe before fasting for 16.
https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/intermittent-fasting-and-keto#intermittent-fasting

9. What is Keto Diet?
• The ketogenic (keto) diet is a high-fat, very low-carb
way of eating.
• Carbs are typically reduced to 20 to 50 grams per
day, which forces your body to rely on fats instead of
glucose for its main energy source.
• In the metabolic process known as ketosis, your body
breaks down fats to form substances called ketones
that serve as an alternate fuel source.
https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/intermittent-fasting-and-keto#intermittent-fasting

10. Which one to choose?
Intermittent
Fasting
Ketogenic
Diet

11. Effect of time restricted eating on body weight and
fasting glucose in participants with obesity: results
of a randomized, controlled, virtual clinical trial
• This 8-week, randomized, controlled, clinical trial included men and
women (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2).
• 78 Participants were randomized to 14:10 or 12-h Time restricted eating
(TRE) (12:12, active comparator) and prescribed a diet (controlled for
calories and macronutrient composition) and exercise program that
included weekly customized counseling and support.
• The primary outcome was change from baseline in body weight in the
14:10 group
Nutrition & Diabetes. 2021 Jan 15;11(1):1-1.

12. -8.9
-9.6
-10.7 -11
Week 8 change in body weight (kg) Week 8 change in FBG (mg/dl)
Change from baseline in body
weight and fasting blood glucose
in study completers
12:12 14:10
Conclusions: In participants with
obesity who completed 8 weeks of the
14:10 TRE schedule combined with a
commercial weight loss program,
there was statistically significant and
clinically meaningful weight loss and
improvements in FBG.
Nutrition & Diabetes. 2021 Jan 15;11(1):1-1.

13. Intermittent fasting (IF) and weight loss
A Systematic review
• 27 trials addressed weight loss in overweight and obese patients:
• 18 small RCTs (level I evidence)
• 9 trials comparing weight after IF to baseline weight with no control group (level II evidence)
• Study Characteristics:-
• Studies duration (2 to 26 weeks); 2 were of 1-year duration.
• Enrolment (10 to 244 participants)
• 5 studies included patients with type 2 diabetes.
Can Fam Physician. 2020 Feb; 66(2): 117–125.
Synthesis
• All 27 IF trials found weight loss of 0.8% to 13.0%
of baseline weight with no serious adverse
events.
• The 5 studies that included patients with type 2
diabetes documented improved glycemic control.
Conclusion
• Intermittent fasting shows promise for the
treatment of obesity.

14. Ketone production by ketogenic diet and by intermittent
fasting has different effects on the gut microbiota and
disease progression in an Alzheimer’s disease
• KD impaired memory function and increased the ratio of harmful bacteria in Gut.
• KD needs to include sufficient carbohydrates including non-digestible
carbohydrates.
• Optimal fat composition by modifying fat types should be considered.
Keto Diet (KD)
• IMF improved memory function and gut microbiomes, although it contained the
same amounts of carbs.
• It also improved energy and glucose metabolism
• It can be easily adopted in clinical Practices
Intermittent Fasting (IMF)
Animal
Study
J Clin Biochem Nutr. 2020 Sep; 67(2): 188–198

15. https://www.medindia.net/dietandnutrition/intermittent-fasting-a-key-to-good-health.htm

16. SO WHICH IS BEST FOR WEIGHT LOSS?
INTERMITTENT FASTING OR KETO?
Both diets promote weight loss, provided you’re eating fewer calories than you burn.
Both diets have the potential in increase insulin sensitivity, leading to improved glucose utilization.
Intermittent fasting is more flexible than keto when it comes to the types of food you can eat. This
increases the pool of available vitamins and minerals obtainable from the diet.
Intermittent fasting can be modified for those who require or desire shorter fasts and is not mandatory to
fast every day. Keto is all or nothing: you’re either in ketosis or not and keto requires strict daily adherence.

17. THANK YOU