This PPT Contains Basic of Composite Materials like types of fibers, Resins etc.

1. Dr. Sagar D. Patil
Associate Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering
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Sharad Institute of Technology, College of
Engineering, Yadrav- Ichalkarnji
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Lecture 01:
Introduction of Composite Materials
Composite Materials

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Content
1. Definition
2. Classification
3. Natural Fiber Vs Synthetic Fiber
4. Classification of Natural Fibers
5. Cellulose Fibers
6. Synthetic Fibers
7. Materials of Fibers
8. Continuous and Discontinuous Fibers
9. Composite Structures
10. Advantages of Composite Material
11. Disadvantages of Composite Material

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1. Definition
A Material System Composed of two or more physical distinct phases
whose combination produces aggregate properties that are different from
those its constituents.
Examples:
1.Concrete reinforced with steel
2.Epoxy reinforced with Graphite
3.Plastic Molding Compound containing filler
4.Rubber mixed with carbon black

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2. Classification

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3. Natural Vs Synthetic Fibers
Natural Fibers
• Silk
• Cotton
• Wool
• Cashmere
• Mohair
Synthetic
Fibers
• Rayon
• Nylon
• Acetate
• Acrylic
• polyester

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4. Classification of Natural Fibers
Natural Fibers are Classified According to their origin:
1. Vegetable or Cellulose
2. Animal or Protein
3. Minerals

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5. Cellulose Fibers
1. Cotton:- Vegetable Fibers, Strong, Tough, Flexible, Moisture
absorbent
2. Rayon:- Chemical Alerted cellulose, soft, versatile
3. Cellulose Acetate:- It is chemically altered to create an entirely new
compound not found in nature

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6. Synthetic Fibers
1. Nylon: Most Durable of man made fibers; extremely light weight
2. Polyester: Widely used in man made fibers
3. Acrylic: Provide warmth from lightweight, soft and resilient fibers
4. Spandex: extreme elastic properties.

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7.Materials of Fibers
Fiber Materials in Fiber Reinforced Composite are
Glass : Most widely used filament
Carbon: High elastic modulus
Boron: Very high elastic modulus
Polymers: Kevlar
Ceramics: SiC and Al2O3
Metals: Steel

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8. Continuous Vs Discontinuous Fibers
1. Continuous Fibers: Very Long, they offers continuous path by
which a load can be carried by composite part
2. Discontinuous fibers: Short Length (L/D=100)

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9. Composite Structures
Laminar Composite Structure
Sandwich Structure
Honeycomb Structure

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10. Advantages of Composite Materials
Very Strong and Stiff
Light in Weight
High weight to strength ratio
Fatigue Properties are better than metals
Greater toughness
No Corrosion like metals

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11. Disadvantages of Composite Materials
Properties are depends on the direction of fiber angle
Subjected to attack by chemical or solvent
It is generally expensive
Manufacturing Method is slow and Costlier.

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