Building Performance Analysis using BIM align ECBC Regulations

Major Project
Final Presentation
on
Assessing the Effectiveness of Building Performance
Analysis in Different Climate Zones of India, in line
with ICAP Goals and ECBC Regulations
Presented By:
Saurabh Gupta (04315607920)
Vikas Pal (05015607920)
Shekha (04515607920)
Guided By:
Mrs. Ekta Dwivedi
Assistant Professor
1
Dr. Akhilesh Das Gupta Institute of Technology & Management Major Project

6. Methodology
7. Result and Discussion
8. Conclusion
9. Bibliography
2
CONTENT
1. Introduction
2. Need of Study
3. Objectives
4. Literature Review
5. Research Gap

❑ BIM (Building Information Modelling) and BPA (Building Performance Analysis):
• BIM is a highly collaborative process that allows architects, and engineers, to plan, design, and construct a
structure or building within one 3D model. It is an approach to design that uses intelligent 3D computer
models to create, modify, share, and coordinate information throughout the design process.
• BIM is powerful for sustainable design because it can help you iteratively test, analyze, and improve your
design. That is called Building Performance Analysis (BPA).
• In this project, the BIM and BPA are used for analyzing the energy performance of the building.
• Autodesk Revit, Autodesk AutoCAD, Green Building Studio (GBS) and Autodesk Insight are used.
❑ Climate Zone:
In terms of the thermal design of buildings, India is divided into five climatic zones: hot & dry, warm & humid,
composite, temperate, and cold.
3
`
Introduction

❑ Indian Cooling Action Plan (ICAP):
ICAP is a national initiative launched by the Indian Govt. in 2019 to address the growing demand for cooling in
India while also reducing the energy demand and requirement for cooling and achieving its goals by 2037-38.
Reducing cooling demand, promoting energy-efficient cooling techniques , increasing access to cooling, and
developing a sustainable cooling sector.
❑ Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC):
The Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC) set minimum energy performance standards for commercial
buildings. Energy performance standards for the following building systems will be included in the ECBC:
Building Envelope, Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning, Lighting and Electric Power etc.
Dr. Akhilesh Das Gupta Institute of Technology & Management Major Project 4
Introduction

1. According to ICAP (India Cooling Action Plan) of India
• Reduction of refrigerant demand by 25% to 30% by the year 2037-38.
• Reduction of cooling energy requirements by 25% to 30%
• Recognition of “cooling and related area” as a thrust area of research
under the national science and technology program to support the
development of technological solutions and encourage innovation
challenges.
ICAP Goals of India
Source: India-cooling-Action plan
5
2. ECBC (Energy Conservation Building Code)
• To provide minimum requirements for energy-efficient design and
construction of buildings and their systems.
• Mandatory for commercial buildings and other non-residential
buildings having plot area of more than 1000 sq.m. or built-up area of
2000 sq.m.
Need of Study

1. To analyze building performance in different climate zones and their comparison using BIM
and BPA.
2. To determine best possible parameters to reduce building energy consumption according
ECBC regulations.
3. To reduce cooling requirement in align with ICAP goals and help in reducing urban heat
island effect.
4. To improve the energy efficiency and thermal condition of the building.
6
Objectives

Title Author Journal (Year) Major Findings
Climate change and 2030 cooling
demand in Ahmedabad, India:
opportunities for expansion of
renewable energy and cool roofs
Jaykumar Joshi
et al.
Mitigation and
Adaptation Strategies
for Global Change
(2022)
Expansion of cool roofs to 20% of the total floor area can
reduce 0.21 TWh cooling demand between 2018 and 2030.
Implementation of cool roofs as a cooling strategy help in
achieving ICAP goals and building resilience to extreme het.
Investigation of Energy Saving
Using Building Information
Modeling for Building Energy
Performance in Office Building
Heni Fitriani
et al.
Civil Engineering and
Architecture
(2022)
Revit software integrated with Green Building Studio as a
BIM tool was used to analyze energy performance.
Significant energy use reduction of 61.21% as compared to
existing building achieved using best possible scenarios.
Investigating the Energy-Efficient
Structures Using Building Energy
Performance Simulations: A Case
Study
Safeer Abbas et
al.
Applied
sciences(2022)
Warehouse buildings (rectangular structure) energy use
difference of around 7 MJ/m2/year for a 360◦ orientation
change.
House buildings exhibited an energy use difference of up to
25 MJ/m2/year.
The total energy consumption for houses was reduced to
14%.
7
Literature Review

Using Regression Model to
Develop Green Building Energy
Simulation by BIM Tools
Ruifeng Jiang
et al.
Sustainability
(2022)
BIM Software design different parameter, including window-
to-wall ratio (WWR), wall construction, roof construction,
infiltration, lighting efficiency, plug load efficiency, heating,
building orientation etc.
The effect of carbon dioxide
emissions on the building energy
efficiency
Ji Min et al. Elsevier
(2022)
Cumulative CO2 emissions for 2005 to 2035 in various cases
are much lower 33% in the low-growth by using insulation,
north and south window lighting, plantation.
Energy Conservation Measures
and Value Engineering for
Small Microgrid: New Hospital
Hassan M. H.
Farh et al.
Sustainability(2022) All over used a microgrid used in hospital lighting be
switched from manual to auto-off, daylight sensors in all
hospital zones except patient care areas to achieve 30%
energy savings
8
Literature Review

Interoperability between Building
Information Modelling
(BIM) and Building Energy Model
(BEM)
Gabriela Bastos
Porsani
et al.
Applied
sciences(2022)
BIM–BEM software interoperability does not work for all
types of buildings related to its shape and constructive
system, the less reliable the data transferred is and the greater
the problems in creating the model in the BEM software.
Implementation of BIM Energy
Analysis and Monte Carlo
Simulation for Estimating
Building Energy Performance
Based on Regression Approach
Jinlin Wei et al. Building(2022) BIM , BEP and Green Building Studio 3D molding Revit
software used.
Using a different types of shape of building ,different
parameter etc. used the R2 ranges from 0.998 to 0.999.
Life cycle assessment for a
suburban building located
within the vicinity using Revit
Architecture
Subhashish Dey
et al.
Springer (2022) BIM software used on autodesk a 19% reduction in the
energy costs.It has a annual electrical energy consumption of
a building after the use of energy efficient materials 19.95%
are reduced.
9
Literature Review

Green BIM-based study on the
green performance of university
buildings in northern
China
Qibo Liu et al. Energy, Sustainability
and Society(2022)
BIM software used.reductions of the annual loads of about
47.4%, in line with the national energy efficiency standards
for public buildings.the heating load was reduced by 59.1%,
and the cooling load reduced by 21.5%.
Building information modeling
(BIM) incorporated green building
analysis: an application of local
construction materials and
sustainable practice in the built
environment
M. N. Uddin et
al.
Journal of Building
Pathology and
Rehabilitation (2021)
BIM–BPS tools which are suitable for the initial intangible
stages of sustainable building design.
using local materials like Fly-ash bricks, CSEB (Compressed
Stabilized Earth Blocks), terracotta, bamboo/timbered etc.
A big picture of urban heat island
mitigation strategies and
recommendation for India
V.R. Khare
et al.
Urban Climate
(2021)
Green roofs and cool (high reflectance) roofs help in reducing
surface temperature and mitigate UHI effects.
Vegetation, water bodies and green walls lower the
temperature around the building and building envelope.
10
Literature Review

Optimizing Energy Use, Cost and
Carbon Emission through Building
Information Modelling and a
Sustainability Approach: A Case-
Study of a Hospital Building
S. H. Khahro
et al.
Sustainability
(2021)
BIM-based sustainable approaches speed up the design and
execution processes while using less physical and non-
physical resources.
Optimization of building orientation, HVAC system, use of
low-E glazing on windows and PV system reduce energy use
and cost.
Changes resulted in reducing 32 tons of carbon emissions.
A systematic approach for urban
heat island mitigation strategies in
critical local climate zones of an
Indian city
R. Kotharkar
et al.
Urban Climate
(2020)
Greening and cool roofs prove beneficial as a cooling strategy
and cooling enhancer to mitigate UHI.
The application of cool roofs results in considerable air
temperature decreases in the older, unplanned area with dense
urban agglomeration.
Urban heat island intensity and its
mitigation strategies in the fast-
growing urban area
Shweta Jain
et al.
Journal of Urban
Management
(2020)
Less percentage of green area and increased built-up density
in cities are responsible for UHI.
Water bodies and vegetation are essential for mitigating the
UHI effects.
Green areas and landscaping improve the thermal
environment.
11
Literature Review

Urban Heat Island studies: Current
status in India
and a comparison with the
International studies
K veena et al. J. Earth Syst. Sci.
(2020)
Using vegetation cover, constructing green walls and roofs,
utilizing passive cooling in buildings and by reducing the
heat production sources.
Effective energy consumption
parameters in residential buildings
using Building
Information Modeling
N. Amani et al. Global Journal of
Environmental
Science and
Management(2020)
The use of building information modeling technology results
of parametric studies on alternative schemes of energy use
intensity optimization showed that 16.30% savings could be
achieved by the base building model in a 30-year time
horizon.
Building Orientation in Green
Facade Performance and Its
Positive Effects on Urban
Landscape
Faezeh Bagheri
Moghaddam
et al.
Sustainability(2020) The selection of an appropriate orientation for the green
facade (Green skin cavity 20cm).
The reduction of energy consumption and cost and the
improvement of overall energy efficiency.
12
Literature Review

Urban sprawl during five decadal
period over National Capital
Region of India: Impact on urban
heat island and thermal comfort
Manju Mohan
et al.
Urban Climate
(2020)
Intense discomfort hours increased from an average of 10
hours per day to 12–13 hours per day and comfortable hours
decreased from 3 hours per day to 1 hour per day.
UHI impacted energy demand resulting in an increase in per
capita electricity consumption by 165% in the decades from
the 1970s to 2010s.
Cool Roof initiatives in India: An
evaluation of the existing
conditions and lessons to be learnt
from global best practices
H. S. Rallapalli
et al.
Aegaeum Journal
(2020)
Cool roofs help to manage cooling demand and mitigate the
impact of the UHI effect.
Cool roofs help in reducing energy consumption in buildings
in line with ICAP goals.
Develop the climatic condition
ratio for typical building in India
P Payal Jain et
al.
Iop (2020) Green Building Studio (GBS) ,3D CAD/Building Information
Modeling (BIM),
The building’s energy performance will also fluctuate based
on climatic conditions energy utilization and Carbon dioxide
emission.
13
Literature Review

Green BIM Assessment Applying
for Energy Consumption and
Comfort in the Traditional Public
Market
Pao-Hung Lin
et al.
Sustainability(2019) BIM software used.the heat insulation of the rooftop
,retrofitting and exterior walls yielded the greatest efficiency.
The energy consumption before and after the improvement
was 526.51 and 341.43 MWh.
Autodesk Green Building Studio
an Energy Simulation Analysis in
the Design Process
Sarah Luziani et
al.
Knowledge E(2019) GBS,on Autodesk. buildings with more use of glass and
openings will be more efficient in energy use, while buildings
with less use of glass and more openings will be used in
energy use. low U value or with a double skin façade.
BIM Based Building Performance
Analysis Of A Green Office
Building.
Anju Ebrahim
et al.
ISSUE (2019) BIM software used .Green Building Design is evaluated 4.7%
Energy Cost Savings and about 38.6% Reduction in CO2
emissions compared to the original design.15% savings in
Annual Energy Costs.
14
Literature Review

Evaluation of energy-efficient
design strategies: Comparison of
the thermal performance of
energy-efficient office buildings in
composite climate, India
Farheen Bano
et al.
Solar Energy
(2018)
Use of insulated walls and roof, high-performance dual panel
glass in fenestrations and shaded windows can reduce the
HVAC load of buildings in composite climate.
Mixed-mode ventilation system can reduce the energy
consumption for cooling.
A green building information
modelling approach: building
energy performance analysis and
design optimization
Shang-yuan
Chen
MATEC Web of
Conferences
(2018)
The effectiveness of Green BIM incorporates the use of BIM
and BPA software technologies.
BPA in response to local climate conditions can yield
optimized design proposals and achieve environmental
sustainability.
Green Building Studio used for BPA.
Development of A BIM-Based
Maintenance Decision-Making
Framework for the Optimization
between Energy Efficiency and
Investment Costs
Jin-Up Kim et
al.
Sustainability(2018) BIM software used .The reduction of energy consumption
that was estimated at 6.2% for gas and 6% for electricity has
been evidenced in cases where the areas were shaded to 2/3 of
the vertical length of windows.
15
Literature Review

Examining the Role of Building
Envelope for Energy Efficiency in
Office Buildings in India
Farheen Bano
et al.
Architecture Research
(2016)
Recommended orientation is northwest and southeast.
Walls and roofing should have insulation to decrease the
HVAC load in office buildings.
Use of shading devices and double glazing window with low-
E glass on fenestrations.
An investigation of the impact of
building orientation on energy
consumption in a domestic
building using emerging BIM
F.H. Abanda et
al.
Energy
(2016)
Green Building Studio ,BIM software are that the total life
cycle of the building will be 30 years with a discount factor of
6.1% for costs. Different building orientations are adopted
and their impacts of the whole building energy are
investigated.
16
Literature Review

1. Lack of study in BIM and BPA in align with ICAP goals and ECBC regulations .
2. Lack of study for analysis of building performance with different climatic zones and their
comparison.
17
Research Gap

2D & 3D Modeling using AutoCAD and Revit of Proposed Office Building
Collection of Data & Information
i.e. Literature Review
Perform Energy Analysis using Green Building Studio (GBS)
Study and Identify the Parameters & Analysis
Conclusion
Result & Recommendation
To Achieve ICAP goals Using ECBC regulations
18
Methodology

2D & 3D Modeling using AutoCAD and Revit of
Proposed Office Building
Collection of Data & Information
i.e. Literature Review
Perform Energy Analysis using
Green Building Studio (GBS)
Study and Identify the Parameters & Analysis
Conclusion
Result & Recommendation
To Achieve ICAP goals Using ECBC regulations

Office Building 3D View Render Image
Particulars Specification
Building Type Office Building
Total Floor Area 18836 m2
Plot Area 4795 m2
No. of Floor G+4
No. of Basement 2
Floor to Floor Height 4 m
Building Schedule 12/6 Facility
Orientation South Facing
20
Building Details

2D Plan of Office Building in Autodesk AutoCAD
21
Ground Floor Plan First Floor Plan
2D Plan

22
2D Plan
2D Plan of Office Building exported from Revit to Autodesk AutoCAD
Ground Floor Plan

23
3D Model
3D Model of Office Building in Autodesk Revit

Component Size Material Layer (Outer To Inner)
U – Value
(W/m2..K)
External Wall 200 mm Cement Plaster, Brick Fireclay, Cement Plaster 2.7356
Interior Wall 150 mm Cement Plaster, Brick Fireclay, Cement Plaster 3.6146
Retaining Wall 450 mm Concrete, Cement Plaster 2.2532
Curtain Panel 15 mm
Pilkington RW33 double glazing
SHGC: 0.76 , VLT: 0.81
2.86
Floor 150 mm Marble, Cement Sand Screed, Concrete 6.5919
Roof 150 mm Roof Tile, Cement Plaster, Concrete 6.6425
Door
1000 x 2100 mm
1200 x 2100 mm
2000 x 2100 mm
Glass Panel Single Swing
Glass Panel Single Swing
Glass Panel Double Swing
2.3956
24
Thermal Properties of Applied Materials as per Table 10.2 ECBC 2017 Specifications
Components and Materials

25
Project Name and Building Type
Selection
Building Schedule Selection Project Type Selection
Project Creation in Green Building Studio for BPA

26
Climate Zone Map of India
Source: Appedix B, ECBC 2017
Climate Zones Location
Composite New Delhi
Hot & Dry Ahmedabad
Warm & Humid Mumbai
Temperate Bangaluru
Location Selected for Different Climate Zones as per
Table 11.1, ECBC 2017
Location Selection

Location Settings for BPA of Office Building in Autodesk Green Building Studio
27
Location Settings

28
Analytical Model in Revit
Advanced Energy Settings in Revit
Energy Settings in Revit
Energy Analysis Settings

Baseline Energy Readings of Office Building in Autodesk Green Building Studio for New Delhi
29
Exporting Revit file in gbXML Format
Running gbXML file in GBS
Energy Analysis

Baseline Energy Readings in Autodesk Green Building Studio for Bangaluru
30
Baseline Energy Readings in Autodesk Green Building Studio for Mumbai
Baseline Energy Readings in Autodesk Green Building Studio for Ahmedabad
Energy Analysis

31
Climate Zone Location
Energy Use
Intensity
(MJ/m2/year)
Electric Cost
(/kWh)
in Rs
Annual Electric
Use
(kWh)
Annual
Electric Cost
in Rs
Annual
Electric Peak
Demand (kW)
Composite New Delhi 544.9 8.50 21,20,308 1,69,62,464 805.5
Hot and Dry Ahmedabad 560.1 5.00 22,02,670 1,07,93,083 808.9
Warm and
Humid
Mumbai 572.1 7.66 22,47,215 3,35,50,920 843.9
Temperate Bangaluru 544.4 9.40 20,11,429 1,89,07,433 824.4
Source: Energy Readings given by GBS after exporting model in gbXML format and running it on GBS for selected locations.
Baseline Energy Readings of Office Building for different Climate Zones of India in GBS
Baseline Energy Readings

32
544.9
560.1
572.1
544.4
530.0
535.0
540.0
545.0
550.0
555.0
560.0
565.0
570.0
575.0
EUI
(MJ/m2/year)
Location
Energy Use Intensity
2,782
2,874
2,939
2,784
2,700
2,750
2,800
2,850
2,900
2,950
3,000
Annual
Electric
Energy
(MWh)
Location
Annual Electric Energy
2.36
1.44
2.25
2.62
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
Annual
Electric
Cost
(Rs
in
crore)
Location
Annual Electric Cost
Baseline Energy Readings

1. Building Orientation
2. Wall Window Ratio,
Window Shades and
Window Glazing
3. Wall
4. Roof
5. Lighting Efficiency and
Control
Parameters for Design Alternatives
BO Building Orientation
WWR Wall Window Ratio
WS Window Shades
WG Window Glazing
W Window Parameters (WWR, WS & WG)
WL Wall
R Roof
LE Lighting Efficiency
LC Lighting Control
33
Parameters of Optimization

Dr. Akhilesh Das Gupta Institute of Technology & Management Major Project 34
Design Alternative Interface in GBS

BUILDING ORIENTATION (BO)
Location Baseline Rotation (Degrees) Optimized
New Delhi South 180 North
Ahmedabad South 180 North
Mumbai South 180 North
Bengaluru South 180 North
35

WALL WINDOW RATIO, WINDOW SHADES AND WINDOW GLAZING
As per Clause 4.3.3 Vertical Fenestration, ECBC 2017
For all climate zones, vertical fenestration compliance requirements for all three energy efficiency levels:
ECBC, ECBC+, and Super ECBC
1. Maximum allowable Window Wall Ratio (WWR) is 40%.
2. Minimum allowable Visible Light Transmittance (VLT) is 0.27.
3. Maximum U-factor and Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC) requirements as per Table 4.10 and 4.11, ECBC 2017.
Orientation Baseline Optimized
North 48% 40%
South 0% 0%
West 9% 15%
East 39% 30%
Orientation Baseline Optimized
North No Shades 2/3 of the Window Height
South No Shades No Shades
West No Shades 2/3 of the Window Height
East No Shades 2/3 of the Window Height
Wall Window ratio (WWR) Window Shades (WS)
36

37
Minimum allowable Visible Light
Transmittance (VLT) is 0.27.
(As per Clause 4.3.3 Vertical Fenestration,
ECBC 2017)
Compliance Requirements
Composite Hot and dry Warm and humid Temperate
ECBC
ECBC+
& Super ECBC
ECBC
ECBC+
& Super ECBC
ECBC
ECBC+
& Super ECBC
ECBC
ECBC+
& Super ECBC
Maximum U-factor (W/m².K) 3 2.2 3 2.2 3 2.2 3 3
Maximum SHGC Non-North 0.27 0.25 0.27 0.25 0.27 0.25 0.27 0.25
Maximum SHGC North for latitude ≥ 15°N 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
Maximum SHGC North for latitude < 15°N 0.27 0.25 0.27 0.25 0.27 0.25 0.27 0.25
Glazing Type U-Value SHGC VLT
ICH Insulated Clear Low-e Hot Climate 1.68 0.44 0.7
IG1 Insulated Green Low-e 1.67 0.42 0.68
IB1 Insulated Blue Low-e 1.67 0.29 0.41
IG2 Insulated Grey Low-e 1.32 0.28 0.5
IB2 Insulated Bronze Low-e 1.78 0.37 0.44
SIC Super Insulated 3-pane Clear Low-e 1.26 0.47 0.64
PPG/CIG PPG SB70XL/Clear IG 1.63 0.27 0.64
Vertical Fenestration Assembly U-factor and SHGC Requirements for ECBC Buildings as per Table 4.10 & 4.11, ECBC 2017
Glazing type as per ECBC requirement (GBS)
WALL WINDOW RATIO, WINDOW SHADES AND WINDOW GLAZING

38
WALL CONSTRUCTION
Opaque External Wall U-factor (W/m2.K)
Requirements for ECBC, ECBC+, and Super
ECBC compliant Building
(As per Table 4.7, 4.8, & 4.9, ECBC 2017)
Wall Construction U-Value
MFW4 Metal Frame Wall with Super High Insulation 0.32
MW2 Massive Wall with High Insulation 0.24
MW3 Massive Wall with Super High Insulation 0.17
SIPW4.5 Structural Ins. Panel (SIP) Wall 4.5in (114mm) 0.37
ICFW10 Insulated Concrete Form (ICF) Wall, 10" thick form 0.2
Office
Building
U-Value
ECBC ECBC+
Super
ECBC
Composite 0.4 0.34 0.22
Hot and dry 0.4 0.34 0.22
Warm and
humid
0.4 0.34 0.22
Temperate 0.55 0.55 0.22
Wall type as per ECBC requirement (GBS)

39
ROOF CONSTRUCTION
Roof Construction U-Value
MFR3 Metal Frame Roof with High Insulation 0.16
MFR4 Metal Frame Roof with Super High Insulation 0.08
WFR3 Wood Frame Roof with High Insulation 0.16
WFR4 Wood Frame Roof with Super High Insulation 0.08
CFR3 Continuous Deck Frame Roof with High Insulation 0.17
CFR4 Continuous Deck Frame Roof with Super High Insulation 0.09
CR-R20 Cool Roof - R20 continuous ins. over roof deck 0.25
SIPR6.25 Structural Ins. Panel (SIP) Roof 6.25in (165mm) 0.23
WFR-R60 R60 Wood Frame Roof 0.08
Roof U-factor (W/m2.K) Requirements for ECBC,
ECBC+, and Super ECBC compliant Building
(As per Table 4.7, 4.8, & 4.9, ECBC 2017)
Office Building
U-Factor
ECBC ECBC+
Super
ECBC
Composite 0.33 0.26 0.2
Hot and dry 0.33 0.26 0.2
Warm and humid 0.33 0.26 0.2
Temperate 0.33 0.26 0.2
Roof type as per ECBC requirement (GBS)

40
LIGHTING EFFICIENCY AND CONTROL
Lighting Power Density for Building Area Type for ECBC,
ECBC+ and Super ECBC Buildings.
(As per Clause 6.3.2 and Table 6.1, 6.2 & 6.3, ECBC 2017)
Building Area Type
LPD (W/m2)
ECBC ECBC+ Super ECBC
Office Building 9.5 7.6 5
Lighting Control:
❑ 90% of interior lighting fittings, in building or space of building >
300 m2 shall be equipped with automatic control device.
❑ Occupancy Sensors shall be provided for
• all building types > 20,000m2 - All habitable spaces less than 30 m2 ,
enclosed by walls or ceiling height partitions.
• All conference or meeting rooms
❑ Control device shall control a maximum of 250m2 for a space ≤
1000m2, and a maximum of 1000m2 for a space > 1000m2.
(As per Clause 6.2.1.1 and 6.2.1.2, ECBC 2017)
Lighting Control
OS Occupancy sensors
DSC Daylighting sensors & controls
O/DSC Occupancy/Daylighting sensors & controls
Office Building Baseline Optimized
Lightning Efficiency
LPD (W/m2)
10.76 4.31
Lighting Control None O/DSC
Lighting Control (GBS)

41
Climate
Zone
Location
(MJ/m2/year)
Electric
Cost
(/kWh) in
Rs
Annual Electric Use
(kWh)
Annual Electric Cost
in Rs
Annual Electric Peak
Demand (kW)
Baseline Optimized Baseline Optimized Baseline Optimized Baseline Optimized
Composite New Delhi 544.9 423.6 8.50 2782349 2131065 23649967 18114053 805.5 599.9
Hot and Dry Ahmedabad 560.1 437.1 5.00 2874443 2231275 14372215 11156375 808.9 610.6
Warm and
Humid
Mumbai 572.1 448.3 7.66 2939017 2291188 22512870 17550500 843.9 636.9
Temperate Bengaluru 544.4 428.5 9.40 2783586 2176828 26165708 20462183 824.4 627.6
Energy reading of office building for baseline and after optimization for different climate zones
Source: Project created for energy analysis in Green building Studio (GBS).
Result and Discussion

42
544.9 560.1 572.1
544.4
423.6 437.1 448.3 428.5
0.0
100.0
200.0
300.0
400.0
500.0
600.0
700.0
EUI
(MJ/m2/year)
Location
Baseline Optimized
2,782 2,874 2,939
2,784
2,131 2,231 2,291
2,177
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
Annual
Electric
Energy
(MWh)
Location
Annual Electric Energy
Baseline Optimized
805.5 808.9
843.9 824.4
599.9 610.6
636.9 627.6
0.0
100.0
200.0
300.0
400.0
500.0
600.0
700.0
800.0
900.0
Electric
Demand
(kW)
Location
Annual Electric Peak Demand
Baseline Optimized

New Delhi Ahmedabad Mumbai Bangaluru
Baseline 544.9 560.1 572.1 544.4
Building Orientation 536.2 552.5 563.8 539.3
Wall Window Ratio 535.3 551.7 563.1 538.7
Window Shades 532.4 549.0 560.1 536.0
Window Glazing 529.3 546.5 557.6 533.6
Wall Construction 525.0 541.9 553.4 533.5
Roof Construction 521.6 539.1 550.4 530.6
Lighting Efficiency 431.5 445.3 456.4 436.6
Lighting Control 423.6 437.1 448.3 428.5
0.0
100.0
200.0
300.0
400.0
500.0
600.0
700.0
EUI
(MJ/m2/yr)
Energy Use Intensity (MJ/m2/yr)
Baseline
Building Orientation
Wall Window Ratio
Window Shades
Window Glazing
Wall Construction
Roof Construction
Lighting Efficiency
Lighting Control
43

44
New Delhi Ahmedabad Mumbai Bengaluru
Energy Use Intensity (MJ/m2/year) 22.25 21.95 21.64 21.29
Annual Electric Energy (MWh) 23.41 22.38 22.04 21.80
Annual Electric Peak Demand (kW) 25.53 24.52 24.53 23.87
Building Orientation 1.59 1.36 1.44 0.95
Wall Window Ratio 0.16 0.14 0.13 0.09
Window Shades 0.53 0.49 0.51 0.50
Window Glazing 0.58 0.45 0.44 0.45
Wall Construction 0.78 0.81 0.75 0.01
Roof Construction 0.62 0.50 0.52 0.53
Lighting Efficiency 16.54 16.75 16.42 17.26
Lighting Control 1.44 1.46 1.43 1.49
Percentage Reduction for Different Parameters for Selected Locations after Optimization

45
Conclusion
1. The improvement in building performance is found to be maximum in New Delhi at 22.25% reduction
in EUI and minimum in Bengaluru at 21.29% reduction in EUI.
2. Optimization of building orientation, WWR, window shades and glazing, and roof parameters provided
maximum effect in New Delhi. Optimization of wall provided maximum effect in Ahmedabad.
Optimization of lighting efficiency and control provided maximum effect in Bengaluru. (As per ECBC
Regulations)
3. However, optimization of lighting efficiency and control contributed maximum reduction of average
16.74% in energy consumption in all selected locations.
4. The overall average reduction in EUI, annual energy use and annual energy peak demand is found to be
21.78%, 22.41% and 24.61% respectively for office building in different climate zones. Thus, helped in
achieving ICAP goals.

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48

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