Yemen

Slide 1: Ye me n An ja Djo kic Mr. S we e n e y Hu m a n itie s 8 c

Slide 2: Wh e re Is Y e m e n? Ye me n is loc a te d in th e As ia in th e Middle E a s t on th e fa r s outh of th e Ara bia n P e nins ula . It is s urrou n de d b y Th e In dia n Oc e a n (Ara b ia n s e a a nd th e G u lf o f Ad e n ) a nd th e R e d S e a . It b o rde rs S a u di Ara b ia a nd Om a n o n th e la n d a nd E ritre a , Djib o u ti a nd S o m a lia ove r th e sea s. Ye me n

Slide 3: G e og ra ph ic F e a ture s •Is la n ds Ha n is h Is la nd s , Ka m a ra n a nd P e rim in th e R e d s e a , a n d S o c otra in th e Ara b ia n s e a b e lon g to Y e m e n . •Th e re a re fou r m a jo r g e o g ra p h ic d ivis io ns in Y e m e n: c oa s ta l p la in s in th e we s t, th e we s te rn h ig h la n ds , th e e a s te rn h ig h la n ds , a n d th e R u b a l Kh a li d e s e rt in th e e a s t. •Th e c oa s tline o f Y e m e n is 1,9 0 6km lon g . • Th e re a re s a n d a n d du s t s to rm s in th e s u m m e r. •lowe s t p o int: Ara b ia n S e a 0 m •h ig h e s t point: J a b a l a n Na b i S h u'a yb 3,760 m

Slide 4: C lim a te in Y e m e n • C lim a te is de s e rt h o t a nd d ry, b u t ve ry c o ld in th e nig h t. It is h o t a nd h um id on th e we s t c o a s ta l lin e . Th e re a re s e a s o na l m o n s o o ns th a t e ffe c t th e c lim a te in th e m o un ta in s on th e we s t.

Slide 5: E nvironm e nt of Y e m e n Wildlife in Y e m e n is ve ry ric h , b ut th e re a re s om e e nda ng e re d s pic e s . Th e re a re 13 b irds , s uc h a s north e rn b a ld ibis , a nd 5 m a m m a l s pic e s e nda ng e re d. S om e of th e m a re th e S outh Ara b ia n le opa rd, G re e n s e a turtle a nd Ha wks b ill Que e n of S a b a ’s g a z e lle a nd th e S a ‘udi G a z e lle e xis t only ke pt in c a ptivity. P la nts in Y e m e n c a n b e divide d in th re e g e og ra ph ic a l c a te g orie s : th e c oa s ta l pla in (with dry-c lim a te pla nts (da te s , b a na na s , c otton, e uph orb ia , s pe c ie s e tc .)), th e m iddle h ig h la nds (with m e lons , nuts , g ra pe s , g ra ins , e uph orb ia , e uc a lyptus , s yc a m ore , fig s e tc .) a nd th e m ounta inous inte rior (with c offe e , woody s h rub s a nd tre e s ). Mos t of th e fa una a nd flora is h owe ve r in th e s e a . Wh e n it c om e s to fis h th e m os t c om m on one s a re tuna, shark, sardines, lobster, and squid. Th e re is a Wa te r a nd E nvironm e nt C e nte r b e c a us e th e re a re a lot of c ris is with wa te r in Y e m e n. Toda y only s ix pe rc e nt of Ye m e n is fore s te d.

Slide 6: His tory of Y e m e n King dom Is la m in Th e of S outh e rn Mode rn Ye me n Za ydi Ottom a ns B ritis h Ye me n Ye me n Ye me n C ivil Wa r 628-630 th e 9 th 22nd Ma y A.D. c e ntury 1538. 1839. 1918. 1967. 1990 1994. Im a m Ya h ya m a de th e King dom On th is da y Diffe re nc e s of Ye m e n th e in powe r A s e c t from a fte r S outh e rn a nd oth e r Ira n c a lle d de fe a ting (P e ople ’s th ing Za ydi wa s th e Turks . In th is ye a r De m oc ra tic c a us e d th e introduc e d La te r h is th e re pub lic ) c ivil wa r. Wh e n th e to Ye m e n. Turks g ra nds on P e ople ’s a nd North won P e rs ia n Th e s e Oc c upie d wa s De m oc ra tic   North e rn a nd m a de G ove rnor of pe ople Ye m e n a nd ove rth row R e pub lic of (Ye m e n's ne w pla ns Ye m e n wors h ipe d Ye m e n n by Ye m e n wa s Ara b for th e B a dh a n Za yd ibn’Ali s ta ye d re volutioni m a de b y R e pub lic ) g ove rnm e nt c onve rte d to a s th e dire c t unde r Turks B ritis h took s ts wh o Ade n Ye m e n s uc h a s Is la m s o did h e ir of Th e for a lm os t ove r Ade n m a de th e g a ining unite d into ple dg e s to m a ny P roph e t four a nd th e Ye m e n inde pe nde n th e prote c t s h e ikh s a nd Muh a m m a d c e nturie s Ottom a n Ara b c e from th e R e pub lic of politic a l th e ir trib e s . . (380 ye a rs ). E m pire . re pub lic . B ritis h . Ye m e n. de m oc ra c y.

Slide 7: C us tom s And Tra ditions J a m b iya h is a tra ditio na l we a po n (a b la de ) th a t b o th m a le s a nd fe m a le s p e rform d a nc e s with . Y e m e nis da nc e in we dd in g s , a n d oth e r s im ila r g a th e rin g s b u t m a le s a nd fe m a le s d a n c e s e pa ra te ly. -J a m b iya h Y e m e n is a re th e m o s t fa m ou s fo r c ra fts m a n s h ip, e ve n th o u to da y th e re a re n't m a ny a rtis ts do in g th is . Th e b ig g e s t tra ditio n in Y e m e n th a t c o m e s fro m a n c ie n t tim e s is te llin g po e m s a n d p ro ve rb s . Th e s e p ro ve rb s a n d p oe m s a re c a rrie d ora lly th ro ug h o u t th e c e nturie s . Th e s e p rove rb s a n d po e m s m o s tly ta lk a b o ut tim e le s s a n d p ric e le s s th ing s s u c h a s love , d e a th , h a p p ine s s , b ut th e y a ls o ta lk a b o ut b io g ra ph ie s , h is to ry a n d h is toric a l e ve nts a n d tra ditio n s .

Slide 8: Que e n of S a b a Th e s tory of th e Que e n of S a b a (or S h e b a in He b re w) is ve ry fa m ous in C h ris tia nity, Is la m , J uda is m a nd E th iopia n c ulture . Th e le g e nd is th a t s h e wa s th e q ue e n of th e King dom of S h e b a , loc a te d s om e wh e re b e twe e n E th iopia a nd Y e m e n a nd th a t s h e live d s om e tim e in 10 th c e ntury B C . Th e Que e n of S a b a h a d m a ny na m e s a nd th e re a re lots of diffe re nt s torie s a b out h e r a nd pic ture s of h e r. He re is th e E th iopia n ve rs ion: King S olom on g a ve Que e n of S a b a s pic y food to e a t s o th a t s h e would s pe nd th e nig h t in th e c a s tle . King S olom on m a de a prom is e h e will not ta ke th e Que e n b y forc e if s h e prom is e s not to s te a l a nyth ing . In th e m iddle of th e nig h t s h e woke up a nd dra nk a c up of wa te r. King S olom on s a id th a t s h e b roke h e r prom is e s inc e wa te r is ve ry pre c ious in th e de s e rt. Th e y s pe nd th e nig h t tog e th e r a nd Que e n of S a b a la te r g a ve b irth to Me ne lik l, firs t E th iopia n E m pe ror. Th is s tory is a pa rt of Y e m e n’s tra dition. S om e e ve n write it in th e a rtic le s a b out Y e m e n’s h is tory. Th e m a in th ing is th a t Th e King dom of S h e b a wa s ne a r th e Y e m e n we know toda y a nd Y e m e nis find th a t im porta nt.

Slide 9: G ove rnm e nt of Y e m e n F u ll na m e : Th e R e p u b lic Of Y e m e n. Th e type o f g ove rnm e nt in Y e m e n is P a rlia m e n ta ry re pu b lic . C a pita l is : S a n a ’a , a nd tim e z o ne is G MT+3 . Ind e p e n de nc e d a y: Ma y 22 th Th e P re s id e n t is Ali Ab d a lla h S a lih , s inc e th e ind e pe nd e nc e da y. He wa s th e pre s id e n t of th e No rth e rn Y e m e n. In Y e m e n th e p re s id e n t is e le c te d b y th e d ire c t po p ula r vote a n d h e s ta ys on th e po s ition fo r 7 ye a rs . All th e m in is te rs a n d th e vic e p re s ide n t a re a p p oin te d b y th e pre s id e n t. Th e Le g a l s ys te m is b a s e d on Is la m ic a nd Turkis h la w, E n g lis h c o m m on la w, a n d lo c a l trib a l c u s tom a ry la w.

Slide 10: Th e J us tic e S ys te m Th e No rth h a s two jus tic e s ys te m s , th e re lig iou s on e with th e S h a ri’a h (Is la m ic la w) wh ic h de pe nd s wh ic h s e c t yo u a re in Za ydi o r S h a fi’l, a nd th e trib a l la w c a lle d ‘urf u s e d m os tly b y trib e s fo r fixin g th e ir own p ro b le m s . In th e S ou th it is th e Ma rxis t g o ve rnm e nt e ve n th o ug h th e re is a h is to ry o f B ritis h c om m on la w. In th e rura l a re a s th e y s till re s p e c t th e S h a ri’a h a n d th e trib a l la w. In th e s o u th e rn Y e m e n , Y e m e n S o c ia lis tic P a rty (Y S R ) is th e o nly le g a l p o litic a l p a rty wh ile in No rth e rn Y e m e n th e re a re lo ts . Th e m o s t im p o rta nt th in g s in Y e m e n h a pp e n e d a fte r 1 9 80 s . Th a t wa s wh e n b oth Y e m e n s d e c id e d to c h a n g e a nd m a ke th e ir p e o ple m ore a c tive in p olitic s , s o c ia l life e tc . More ra dic a l c h a ng e s we re d is c u s s e d in th e 1 9 92 a n d 19 9 3.

Slide 11: Ve ry s im ila r to fla g s of Th e F la g S yria , Ira q a nd E g ypt. R e d is th e s ym b ol of b lood s pille d in m a rtyr a nd fig h ts for unity. Wh ite re pre s e nts th e b rig h t future . B la c k is th e s ym b ol of th e da rk pa s t. Th is fla g re pre s e nts th e fla g s of North e rn a nd S outh e rn Y e m e n.

Slide 12: Mone y in Y e m e n C u rre nc y in Y e m e n is Y e m e ni R iya l (Y E R ). 1 Y E R = 1 0 0 fils . 1 E uro is 28 1 .32 Y E R a n d 1 Do lla r is 1 98 .6 3 YE R C a s h is m o re a c c e pte d th a n c a rds . Am e ric a n E xp re s s a nd Din e rs C lub a re s u re to b e a c c e p te d. Th e re a re ve ry fe w ATMs . Th e re a re two m a jo r b a n ks in Y e m e n : -Th e Y e m e n B a nk fo r R e c on s tru c tio n a n d De ve lo pm e nt (fo un d e d in 1 96 2 .) -Th e C e n tra l B a n k o f Y e m e n (fo un d e d in 1 97 1 .) 10 Y E R from 1973. 20 Y E R

Slide 13: E c onom y of Y e m e n Ye me n is one of th e worlds poore s t c ountrie s e ve n th oug h th e y de ve lope d a lot on th e pa s t twe nty ye a rs . About 16% of Ye me n h a s fe rtile la nd a nd a g ric ulture is ve ry de ve lope d th e re . Until th e 1980s Ye me n’s indus try wa s n’t ve ry de ve lope d. Toda y th e y e xport c e me nt, pla s tic s , pa ints , te xtile s , furniture , a nd toba c c o produc ts . Th e y a ls o ma ke tra ditiona l h a ndc ra fts s uc h a s je we lle ry, le a th e r, c a rpe ts , g la s s , s words a nd s uc h . Toda y th e y ma ke th e s e th ing s n c omme rc ia l purpos e s a nd for touris m.

Slide 14: Touris m in Y e m e n P e ople in Y e m e n a re ve ry we lc om ing . Y e m e n h a s a lot of na tura l b e a utie s , b ut its not ye t a s popla r a s Dub a i for e xa m ple . He re a re th e two top pla c e s to vis it: On th e pic ture on th e le ft is S a na ’a th e c a pita l of Y e m e n. Th e y s a y it is th e olde s t c ity, prob a b ly founde d b y S h a m - s on of Noa h . In 1984 it wa s de c la re d "World He rita g e of Ma nkind“. Th e b ig g e s t touris t a ttra c tion a re th e s ouk, old c ity a nd th e Na tiona l Mus e um . Th e s e a re th e b e s t h ote ls in S a na ’a : S h e ra ton, Ta j s h e b a , Hilton, Ara b ia F e lix, G olde n Da a r a nd S h a h a ra n. On th e pic ture on th e rig h t is Ade n, th e c a pita l of th e S outh e rn Y e m e n. It is a n a nc ie nt c ity on th e s e a . Th e le g e nds s a y, th a t C a in a nd Ab e l founde d Ade n. It h a s b e a utiful a nc ie nt c is te rns , th e pa la c e of th e s ulta n, th e Aide roos - m os q ue , th e G old Moh ur c oa s t a nd you c a n g o on a b oa t c ruis e .

Slide 15: E duc a tion in Y e m e n Lite ra c y ra te is lo w e ve n th ou it is c o ns ta ntly ra is in g . Th e re is a ls o a d iffe re n c e b e twe e n th e ra te s fo r m a le s a n d fe m a le s . Th e re we re a lo t o f tra ditio na l Is la m ic s c h o ols in No rth e rn Y e m e n u ntil 1 9 62 . wh e n th e y de ve lop e d th e m od e rn s c h ola r s ys te m . E g yp tia ns a re m os tly th e ir te a c h e r s inc e th e y h a d p rob le m s fin d ing q ua lifie d Y e m e n i te a c h e rs . Afte r th e World Wa r 2 th e s ys te m in th e S o uth e rn Y e m e n wa s C om m u nis tic a nd s e c u la r. Th e s c h ola r s ys te m wa s ve ry d e ve lo pe d a n d th e y trie d to g ive a c c e s s to a ll le ve ls in th re e - s ta g e s ys te m . Two m a jo r u nive rs itie s a re Un ive rs ity o f S a n 'a (fo u nd e d in 1 97 0.), va rie ty o f s pe c ia liz e d c olle g e s , a n d Th e Unive rs ity of Ad e n (fou nd e d in 19 75 .) wh ic h o ffe rs s im ila r e du c a tion .

Slide 16: Th re e th ing s you m us t know Po litic s - P o litic s is ve ry in te re s tin g in Y e m e n b e c a u s e u ntil 1 99 0 . Y e m e n wa s divide d in to S o uth e rn a n d North e rn Y e m e n . No w wh e re ve r yo u re a d a b o ut Y e m e n , No rth e rn a nd S o uth e rn Y e m e n a re s e pa ra te d, a n d th e y h a ve c om p le te ly d iffe re nt po litic a l vie ws a n d p a rtie s , th o ug h th e y a re tryin g to wo rk to g e th e r. S o c ial (& E c o no m ic s )-Y e m e n is a ve ry po o r c o un trie s a nd it is s u rro u nd e d b y ve ry ric h c o u ntrie s s u c h a s S a u di Ara b ia a nd UAE , wh o h a ve lots of oil, a n d Om a n a n d E g yp t wh o h a ve ve ry d e ve lo p e d to uris m . Th is m e a ns th a t it is ve ry h a rd .fo r Y e m e n to s tic k o u t a nd s h o w its b e a u tie s Phys ic al-Y e m e n h a s ve ry b e a u tiful la n ds c a p e s . Th e y h a ve a b it of h ig h la nd s , d e s e rt a n d s e a . It will p rob a b ly b e c ro wd e d with tou ris ts in a fe w de c a d e s wh e n th e y fix a ll th e p rob le m s .th e y h a ve s in c e un ite d Y e m e n is a re la tive ly n e w c ou ntry

Slide 17: B ib liog ra ph y h ttp :/ www.b rita n nic a .c o m / tio n s / e m e n (m os t o f th e / na Y in fo rm a tio n is fro m th e lin ks on th is p a g e th a t le a d to o th e r th in g s a b o u t Y e m e n ) / lib p h ttp s :/ www.c ia .g o v/ ra ry/ u b lic a tion s / e -wo rld -fa c tb o o k/ e os / .h tm l th g ym h ttp :/ e n.wikip e dia .o rg / / wiki/ e m e n Y h ttp :/ e n.wikip e dia .o rg / / wiki/ e e n_o f_S h e b a Qu h ttp :/ www.ye m e nwe b .c om / tory.h tm / His h ttp :/ e n.wikip e dia .o rg / / wiki/ la g _of_Y e m e n F