Technology convergence is a manifestation of the fourth industrial revolution, which is the current trend of automation and data exchange and includes cyber-physical links, the Internet of Things, edge computing and the merger of audible, visual and kinesthetic communications. In this presentation, we will examine the path we’re traveling and the pressing questions we’ll grapple with over the coming years. Do we really need 4K resolution? Are advanced smartphones the devices that will define the next generation of AV system design? Will there even be an AV ‘industry’ ten years from now? Discover the challenges, changes, resources, and opportunities now in play in the AV community. Bring plenty of energy, strap in and get ready to go on a fascinating journey. This is a session you won’t want to miss! Presented by Joe Cornwall © Legrand AV

1. A/V in an Information
Technology World
Joseph Cornwall
CTS-D, CTS-I, ISF-C, Leed GA
A/V Technology Evangelist
Legrand North America

2. “In the near future, A/V will be a part of IT,
and everything will be on the network”

3. What’s Convergence? When Did It Start?

4. The future of convergence can
be found in the ubiquity of
“ambient computing” power.

6. Evolution and Revolution

7. There Are Four “Vectors” of
Information Necessary for
Successful AV Communication

8. Machine-to-Machine

9. AV Is IoT

10. Human-to-Machine

11. Control Means Something Different Today

12. Machine-to-Human

13. Human-to-Human (Content)

14. Four Paths to a Successful AV Experience

15. Experience Architecture

16. “Shorthand” for displays that
include additional
interoperability standards
HDCP 2.2, ATSC 3.0, HDR, Deep
Color
Multi-Content Multi-tasking
4K Is About More Than Resolution

17. DISCAS Explains “Resolution” Needs
• DISCAS is a scientific standard,
based on human vision, that
defines the screen size for a
given audiovisual system based
on audience viewing distance.
• ANSI/AVIXA V202.01:2015 DS1
Display Image Size for 2D
Content in Audiovisual Systems
(DISCAS)

18. • 4K Outpacing Analog Sunset
Changeover
• More Than 40% of 2017
Sales were UltraHD screens
✓Over 110 Million will ship in 2019!
• Fully Mainstream In 2 to 3
Years
4K Is An Irresistible Force…

19. Mobile Integration Is Driving Change
✓ More than 80% of
Americans own a smart
phone
✓ Nearly 75% own a
computer
✓ More than 50% own a
tablet

20. More Powerful than a “Super Computer”

21. One Rule For Wireless Connectivity

22. • Secure
• Convenient
• Designed for low-
bandwidth
applications
Can Bluetooth Integrate Mobile?

23. We Need to Minimize A/V
Data Payload Impact on
the LAN

24. The AV Signal Quality Triangle

25. Spatial Resolution

26. Horizontal By Vertical Count
▪Each pixel on a screen could
be considered an optotype
element
▪Depending on the quality of
the content, the
recommendations of the past
are often inadequate to enable
maximum viewable image
information intake
This is a close-up of the
actual pixels of the Sony
KV55XBR850 4K UltraHD
LCD Display

27. Radiometric Resolution

28. HDR, Deep Color

29. Temporal Resolution

31. Bandwidth Must Be Examined
More Closely in the New 4K World
• “Old” Formula to calculate
analog video bandwidth
• Hp * Vp * Fr * 3 / 2
• There is no correction for bit depth or
dark pixels
• This formula is a holdover from analog
days

32. Hpf * Vpf * Fr * Bd(*cf) * M *3 * Q
Hp = Horizontal Pixels
Vp = Vertical Pixels
Fr = Frame Rate
Bd = Bit Depth
cf = chroma decimation factor
M = deep color factor
Q = Compression

33. Example…
Calculate the video data
signaling rate for an HD
1080p60 signal operating in a
4:4:4 color space
• 2200*1125*60*(10*1)*1 =
1,485,000,000 per RGB color
channel
• (1.49x 3) = 4.47 Gbit/s total
payload rate
• This is uncompressed.
Multiply by Q for compression
Calculate the video data
signaling rate for a UHD
2160p30 signal operating in a
4:2:0 color space
• 4120*2205*30*(10*.5)*1 =
1,377,690,000 per RGB color
channel
• (1.38 x 3) = 4.14 Gbit/s total
payload rate
• This is uncompressed.
Multiply by Q for compression

34. It can be helpful to
envision physical layer
A/V connectivity as wheels
within wheels, with each
successive layer
encompassing more
categories of connectivity
and bridging longer
distances. With each step
up, bandwidth constraints
become more challenging.
A/V Connection Ecosystem
AV-over-IP
HDBaseT
HDMI
DisplayPort
USB-C
USB

35. • Leverage the LAN & WAN
• A streaming experience
−JPEG2000, H.264, H.265,
HTML 5, WEB RTC, SDVoE
−Streaming codecs may be
“lossy” and compromise quality
•Consider analytic and basic
decision making
−Should be categorically
identified in any Division 27
document
AV-Over-IP

37. HDBaseT 5Play™
F/UTP CatX
4K UHD 4:2:0
up to 10Gbps
100BaseTX
“Fast Ethernet”
Up to 100
watts DC
Infrared relay
Embedded CEC
RS232
USB 2.0
Performance

38. RR
G G
B B
S S
CEC
DDC
DDC
DDC
HEAC
+5V
HPD
HDMI - The Most Ubiquitous AV Connector
HDMI 2.1 will demand as much as 48Gbps of
data throughput. At this level we are well
beyond the capacity of any LAN

39. DisplayPort
Aux
Lane0
Lane1
Lane3
HotPlug
Power
+3.3V@
500mA
Config
Lane2

40. The difference
between
DisplayPort and
the DisplayPort
Dual Mode is the
ability of the later
to “speak” to an
HDMI display
without the need
for active circuitry

41. USB Type-C - The A/V Unicorn

42. Apple, Google, Microsoft, Dell, Lenovo…

43. What Does It Do?

44. USB Power Delivery

45. Active Conversion
USB Type-C Leverages DisplayPort
USB-C uses DisplayPort Single
Stream signaling, not Dual Mode!

46. • Pop up menu shows potential USB
Type-C connection choices and
modes
• USB Type-C even supports analog
(ear buds and microphone)
Alternate Reality…

47. • EMCA stands for “Electronically
Marked Cable Assembly”
• E-marking/EMCA is required under
the following conditions:
− If the cable is required to support
more than 3A current (more than
default)
− If the cable is a full featured cable,
supporting either USB 3.1 Gen1 or
USB 3.1 Gen2
• E-Markers will make USB safer!
E-Markers and Billboard Chips

48. Boiling It Down…
✓ Convergence describes a continuing evolution
✓ Wireless and mobile solutions need wires to work
✓ Fixed AV assets need wireless connectivity to provide true
utility
✓ Advanced AV bandwidth demands will tax the most robust
LAN
✓ AV-over-IP isn’t a destination, it’s a road
✓ HDBaseT is structured cabling for AV applications
✓ USB is a critical AV connection that is vastly misunderstood
✓ AV and IT are partners in facilitating effective
communication

49. A Final Thought…
“If it works, it’s obsolete”
– Marshall McLuhan

51. Thank You!