1.
Joseph D. Cornwall, CTS-D, CTS-I
Technology Evangelist

2.
Our Agenda
USB History
Welcome The
AV Unicorn
Alternate
Mode
Connecting
USB To The
World
USB
Operational
Theory
Eye Pattern,
Power &
Pyramids

3.
Universal Serial Bus
USB Was Designed To Standardize The
Connection Of Computer Peripherals
–Replaced Serial And Parallel Ports
–Eliminated The Need For Separate Power Supplies For
Devices
–Allows For “Hot Swapping”
–Connect Up To 127 “Devices”
–Allows The Flow Of Information Into AND Out Of A
Computer (Host)

4.
USB 2.0 “A” and “B”
USB Type A and Micro B
USB 3.0 “A” and “B”
Comparison of USB 2.0 and 3.0 Connectors

5.
Types of USB Connectors
USB 3.0

6.
USB’s Relationship With Time
▪USB 2.0 is a half-duplex
system that operates within
rigid time constraints where
hubs and functions must
respond to the host within a
tightly defined time frame
▪5 Meter USB length limitation
is derived from this time
constraint Velocity of propagation is a measure of how
fast a signal travels over time. In computer
technology, the velocity of propagation of a
signal is the speed of transmission through a
physical medium such as a cable or fiber.

7.
The Need for Speed, USB 3.0
▪Increases conductor count from
4 to 9
▪4.8Gbps versus 480Mbps
▪Asynchronous full duplex
operation
▪Better power efficiency, powers
more devices from a hub

8.
The Importance of Eye Pattern
Due to eye pattern constraints, USB 3.0 is limited to about 3 meters link-length in practice

9.
USB Connectivity
Pin 1 Vbus
Pin 2 D-
Pin 3 D+
Pin 4 Ground
Pin 1 Ground
Pin 2 USB OTG Address Bus
Pin 3 D+
Pin 4 D-
Pin 5 Vbus
USB “A“ Connector USB “Micro B“ Connector

10.
USB Functions
Any device that can transmit or
receive data is known as a “function”
–A mug warmer, for example, doesn’t transmit
data and is, therefore, not a function
Devices may be composite or
compound
–Composite = 2 functions with a “virtual” hub
–Compound = 2 functions with an actual hub

11.
Understanding Hubs
Hubs consist of 3 components
–Repeater - connects and releases
functions
–Controller - communicates with the
host
–Transaction translator – controls
speeds
Hubs are self-powered or bus
powered

12.
Example Of 7-Port USB Hub
In Tier Occupied
Port 1 Port 2 Port 3 Port 4
Tier Occupied In
Port 4 Port 5 Port 6 Port 7

13.
Understanding Extender Systems
USB’s inherent time
limitations allow for cable
length of no more than 5
meters
Hubs regenerate the signal
and are repeaters
Almost all USB extenders are
seen by the host as a hub

14.
USB SuperBooster
Converts USB signal to a
proprietary signal
USB superbooster systems do not
have to occupy a tier
▪ Superbooster systems may use NAK (not
acknowledged) communication protocol to
“get around” system latency
▪ Data packet not accepted; please
retransmit

15.
The Universal Battery
Existing USB technology
specifies a 5V (+/-5%) power
supply
–In USB, power is delivered in quanta of
unit loads
–Single unit load in USB 1.1 & 2.0 is
defined as 100mA
–High-power devices draw up to the
maximum number of unit loads
permitted (5 unit loads)
USB 1.1, 2.0 and 3.1(gen 1) all
treat power similarly

16.
USB On One End, HDMI On The Other
Established in 2010
• Current installed base of more than 1.4
billion devices

17.
“The cloning of humans is on most of
the lists of things to worry about from
science, along with behavior control,
genetic engineering, transplanted
heads, computer poetry and the
unrestrained growth of plastic flowers.”
─ Lewis Thomas
Engineering The Future In C

18.
Symmetrical, Compact, Powerful…
USB Type-C is the physical “form factor”
• Designed for 10,000 plug/unplug
cycles
• Robust enough for laptops and
tablets; slim enough for mobile
phones
“This next generation of USB
technology opens the door for the
invention of an entirely new, super
thin class of devices that consumers
haven’t even seen yet”

19.
Apple, Google, Microsoft…

20.
Type C Pin Out

21.
“Power corrupts. Absolute
power is kind of neat.” ─
John Lehman
USB Type-C and Power

22.
Is Now USB Power Delivery

23.
USB Power Delivery Profiles

24.
This Will Redefine Docking
A desktop monitor will charge and communicate with smartphones, tablets or
laptops via a single port that provides power, video, audio, data and control.

25.
Marker and Billboard Chips
Interconnects and devices
will use embedded marker
and billboard chips to ensure
all devices can handle
proposed power levels.

26.
“Any sufficiently advanced
technology is
indistinguishable from
magic.”
─ Arthur C. Clarke
Alternate Mode

27.
Alternate Realities…
▪Pop up menu shows potential USB
Type-C connection choices and modes
▪ Includes support for external MIDI
devices like keyboards.
▪ Builds on some of the audio features Google
introduced in Lollipop, including a reduction in
latency, multichannel audio stream mixing,
and support for USB microphones, amplifiers,
speakers, and other accessories.
▪ It is even possible for USB Type C to support
analog ear buds and a microphone for hands-free
operation. It will do this through the Alternate
Mode channel.

28.
USB Type C Alternate Mode

29.
Type C Pin Out

30.
USB Type-C Leverages DP 1.1
Active Conversion

31.
Coming Soon!

32.
▪ USB Type C has the ability to unify desktop
connectivity, making data, video, audio and control
available thru a single link
▪ USB Type C defines a new connector
▪ USB 3.1 defines a new performance level
▪ USB PD defines a new association with power supply
and flow
▪ USB Type C, USB 3.1 and USB PD may be
implemented as discrete elements in new product
design
▪ USB Type C supports DisplayPort, HDMI and even
analog 3.5mm audio/microphone capabilities in
Alternate Mode
▪ Major device manufacturers are investing heavily in
USB Type C technology