SEMINAR ON DRONE

1. Presented by: Nagaling G Bittale
2KD11EC406
Under the guidance of
Mr: Darshankumar Billur
Assistant Professor
Department of Electronics & Communication
KLECET, Chikodi

2. • Introduction
• Classification of UAV’s
• Unmanned aircraft system elements
• Case study of Predator C : Avenger
• Advantages and Dis-advantages of UAV’s
• Applications of UAV’s
•Conclusion
• References
CONTENTS
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3. INTRODUCTION
 An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), commonly known as
a drone is an aircraft without a human pilot on board.
 Its flight is either controlled autonomously by computers in the
vehicle, or under the remote control of a pilot on the ground or
in another vehicle.
 There are a wide variety of drone shapes, sizes, configurations,
and characteristics.
 Historically, UAVs were simple remotely piloted aircraft , but
autonomous control is increasingly being employed.
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4. HISTORY
 August 22, 1849, when
the Austrians attacked the
Italian city of Venice with
unmanned balloons
loaded with explosives.
 The balloons were
launched from the
Austrian ship Vulcano.
THE AUSTRIAN BALL0ONS
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5. The first pilotless aircraft were built during and shortly after World
War I. Leading the way, using A. M. Low's radio control techniques,
was the "Aerial Target" of 1916
Hewitt-Sperry Automatic Airplane, otherwise known as the "flying
bomb" made its first flight, demonstrating the concept of an
unmanned aircraft.
World War II : Reginald Denny and the Radioplane
World War I : worlds first uav 1916
The first large-scale production, purpose-built drone was the
product of Reginald Denny.
Demonstrated a prototype target drone, the RP-1, to the US Army.
Denny then bought a design from Walter Righter in 1938 and began
marketing it as the "Dennymite", and demonstrated it to the Army as
the RP-2, and after modifications as the RP-3 and RP-4 in 1939.
 They manufactured nearly fifteen thousand drones for the army during
World War II.
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6. CLASSIFICATION
OF UAV’S
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7. Fixed win g U A V’S R ota ry win g U A V’S
A irship U A V ’ S Flapping wing UAV’S
1.Based on platform
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8. Hybrid uav
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9. 2.Based on size & endurance
Hale UAV’S
Male UAV’S
 70,000 ft altitude,
 35 h flight time, and
 1,900 lb payload
 High Altitude Long
Endurance (HALE) UAVs
 Medium Altitude Long
Endurance (MALE) UAVs
 50,000 ft altitude,
 25/30 h flight time, and
 450 lb payload
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10. Tactical UAV’S
 Tactical UAVs such as the
Hunter, Shadow 200
 30,000 ft altitude,
 5–6 h flight time, and
 25 kg payload.
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11. 70K
60K
Global Hawk
U-2
Heron 1
Predator A
50K
40K
30K
20K
10K
Altitude
10
20
30
Endurance (hours)
Eagle Eye, Fire scout,
Hunter, Pioneer
HALE
Medium
Tactical
Heron 2
Predator B
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3.Based on Altitude
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12. Uav system elements
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13. An Unmanned Aircraft or Aerial System can be divided into three distinct
elements:
1.THE VEHICLE OR PLATFORM
1.1 THE AIRFRAME
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 The airframe of an aircraft is its mechanical structure.
 It is typically considered to include fuselage, wings and
undercarriage and exclude the propulsion.
 Airframe design is a field of aerospace engineering that
combines aerodynamics, materials technology and
manufacturing methods to achieve balances of
performance, reliability and cost.
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14. 1.2 THE PROPULSION SYSTEM
Turbojet Engine
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15. 1.3 SENSE & AVOID SYSTEM
GYROSCOPE
ACCELEROMETER
 A Gyroscope is a device for measuring or
maintaining orientation, based on the
principles of angular momentum.
 Mechanically, a gyroscope is a spinning
wheel or disk in which the axle is free to
assume any orientation
 An Accelerometer is a device that measures acceleration.
 Accelerometers are sensors that can measure the acceleration of the
body in a specific direction
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16. 2 .The Payload
2.1 ELECTRO-OPTICAL SENSING SYSTEMS
AND INFRARED SYSTEMS
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 To provide ground forces critical, time-sensitive
information about the people hiding around the corner or
entering a town by vehicle.
 Strapped to manned aircraft or aerial drones, these
multispectral sensors operate in multiple modes – usually
with both day (electro-optical camera) and night (infrared
camera) capability.
Dept. of ECE,KLECET

17. 2.1 Synthetic aperture radar
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18. 2.2 Munitions
 Fielding larger Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) ,such as MQ-9
reaper, capable of carrying much heavier payloads such as laser
guided gravity dropped bombs and SDB bombs.
 The main benefit of such weapons is their relative low cost,
ability to deploy from high altitude and absence of visual
launch signature. PAGE NO 17
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19. 3.GCS Control System of UAV
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20. CASE STUDY OF PREDATOR C: AVENGER
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 Its first flight occurred on 4 April
2011.
 Unlike the previous MQ-1
Predator and MQ-9
Reaper (Predator B) drones.
 The Avenger is powered by
a turbofan engine, and its design
includes stealth
 Features such as internal weapons
storage, and an S-shaped exhaust
for reduced heat and radar
signature.
Dept. of ECE,KLECET

21. 2.Performance
 Maximum speed: 460 mph (740 km/h; 400 kn)
 Cruise speed: 402 mph (349 kn; 647 km/h)
 Endurance: 18 hours
3.Armament
 Internal weapons bay with 3,500 pounds (1,600 kg) capacity.
 6 external hard points. 6,500 pounds (2,900 kg) payload total.
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1. General characteristics
 Length: 44 ft (13 m)
 Wingspan: 66 ft (20 m)
 Weight: 18,200 lb (8,255 kg)
 Fuel capacity: 7,900 pounds (3,600 kg)
SPECIFICATIONS
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22. Advantages of uav
 Doesn’t require a qualified pilot.
 Can enter any environments.
 Reduces exposure risk of the aircraft operator.
 Can stay in the air for up to 30 hours.
 Can be programmed to complete the mission
autonomously.
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23. DIS-Advantages of uav
 Costly compared to manned vehicles.
 Limited Abilities.
 More hardware complexity.
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24. Applications of uav
 Remote Sensing
 Aerial Surveillance
 Transport
 Search&Rescue
 Armed Attacks
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25. CONCLUSION
 With more research and technological advances, it is
possible that the UAV may well replace manned
combat aircraft in the future.
 The advantages of UAV against manned aircraft are
numerous. First is the risk of being shot down.
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26. REFERENCES
 Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)
Http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle
 History of unmanned aerial vehicles
Http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_unmanned_aerial_vehicles
 Autonomous Flying Robots
http://books.google.co.in/books?isbn=4431538569
 US Navy UAVs in Action
http://www.theuav.com/
 General Atomics Predator C Avenger
http://General_Atomics_Avenger
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27. THANK YOU
queries..