How Software Developers Destroy Business Value.pptx
6.propaganda and case study
1. National Defence University of Malaysia
Faculty of Strategic Studies and Defence Management
Propaganda : Case Study
Cold War
2. Definition of Propaganda
• Propaganda is the spreading of information in
support of a cause. It’s not so important whether
the information is true or false or if the cause is just
or not — it’s all propaganda. The word propaganda
is often used in a negative sense, especially for
politicians who make false claims to get elected or
spread rumors to get their way. In fact, any
campaign that is used to persuade can be called
propaganda.
3. Propaganda
• Propaganda is a planned and deliberate act of
opinion management.
• “ the planned dissemination of news, information,
special arguments, and appeals designed to
influence the beliefs, thoughts, and actions of
specific groups”
• Use of communication skills of all kinds to achieve
attitudinal or behavioural changes among one
group by another
4. Propaganda
• Cold War Period : 1950- 1990
• The world is divided into two major regions, the
Liberal democracy and Communist
• The West and the East, Soviet Union and Western
Europe and USA.
• Adopted a concept “ War of Words ”
5. Propaganda: Mechanisms
in Cold War Period : 1950- 1990
In Cold War period: should have the capability,
propaganda operations either Fast or Slow
• Fast Media- designed to exert a short-term impact
on public opinion; What are the mechanisms!....
• Slow Media- cultivates public opinion over long
term ( 2 to 3 year). What are the mechanisms!...
6. Propaganda: Mechanisms
• Additional category of propaganda is termed
“Propaganda of Deed”.
• Actions taken for the psychological effects they
would have on various publics.
• Very significant - Morale booster. A classic example
is Doolittle Raid of April 1942
• Months of negative news of Pearl Harbour
bombing by the Japanese in Dec 1941, LtCol James
Doolittle led a force of 16 planes on bombing raid
of Japan
7. Propaganda: Mechanisms
To further influence the public
• Additional category of propaganda is termed
“Propaganda of Deed”.
• Actions taken for the psychological effects they
would have on various publics.
• Very significant - Morale booster. A classic example
is Doolittle Raid of April 1942
11. Propaganda Campaign During Malayan
Emergency from 1948-1960
• It is not possible to draw a rigid line of demarcation
between propaganda material directed to the
public and that directed to the enemy.
• Propaganda prepared for the enemy consumption
can only be assumed to reach them if it is widely
distributed: but not necessarily to the public should
be the same content.
12. Propaganda: Mechanisms
• The themes of the propaganda to the enemy and
public should be related to certain degree. It is
should be simple. For example in 1950s about,
propaganda leaflets about 24 million were
distributed .
• It is said to keep public morale, to inform the rural
population, and the effectiveness of countering
communists propaganda.
• The propaganda leaflets should be in the languages
of the local that is Malays, Chinese, Tamil and
English
14. Propaganda: Mechanisms
Methods used in Emergency
• Voice Aircraft: Proved very successful. Consisting
about 50 words lasting for 30 seconds
• Mobile Units. About 90 mobile public address units
to carry out general propaganda work among the
civil population using film and public address
ssytem.
• Radio Bulletin about 3/4 times per day.
• Newspapers: About 22 commercial newspapers ( 6
English, 3 Malay, 9 Chinese and 4 Tamil )
18. Propaganda: Mechanisms
Result
• By 1955, 70 per cent of all surrendered terrorists
who had heard one of these aerial broadcasts
stated that it had influenced their decision and in
many cases it was the major factor involved. The
statement of just one surrendered terrorist serves
to summarise the effectiveness of leaflet dropping
and aerial broadcasting in encouraging defection
from the Communist cause
19.
20. Psyops: Propaganda
Discussion:
a. Propaganda concept was adopted in the psychological
operations During the Malayan Emergency from 1948-
1960. Discuss the success of the “ Winning the hearts and
Minds ” of the people was a success and why ?
b. Discuss the success and failures of the White
Propaganda adopted by the State/Regime.
