2. Objectives
Describe the types
of output
Describe the factors
that affect the quality
of an LCD monitor or
LCD screen
Explain the
characteristics of
various display
devices
Describe various
ways to print
Differentiate
between a
nonimpact printer
and an impact
printer
3. Objectives
Summarize the characteristics of inkjet printers, photo printers, laser
printers, multifunction
peripherals, thermal printers, mobile
printers, label and postage
printers, and plotters and largeformat printers
Describe the uses and
characteristics of
speakers, headphones, an
d earbuds
Identify the purpose and
features of data
projectors, interactive
whiteboards, and forcefeedback game controllers
and tactile output
Identify output options for physically
challenged users
4. What is Output?
Output is data that has been processed into a useful
form called information.
Computers generate several types of output,
depending on the hardware and software being used
and the requirements of the user.
Output can be display or view on monitor, print it on
a printer, or hear it through speakers, headphones or
earphones.
While working with a computer, a user encounters
four basic types of output: text, graphics, audio, and
video.
6. What is Output?
Text
• Text consists of characters that are used to create
words, sentences, and paragraphs. A character is a
letter, number, or punctuation mark.
Examples of text-based outputs:
• memos, letters, press
releases, reports, advertisements, newsletters, envelope
s, mailing labels and email messages.
7. What is Output?
Graphic
• digital representations of non-text information such as
drawings, charts, & photographs. It also can be
animated, giving them the illusion of motion.
Documents often include graphics to enhance their
visual appeal and convey information.
Examples:
•
Business letters have logos
•
Reports include charts
•
Newsletters use drawings, clip art, and photographs.
8. What is Output?
Audio
It is music, speech, or any other sound.
Recall that sound waves, such as the human voice or
music are analog. To store such sounds, a computer
converts the sounds from a continuous analog signal
into a digital format.
Software programs such as games, encyclopedias, and
simulations often have musical accompaniments for
entertainment and audio clips, such as narrations and
speeches, to enhance understanding.
9. What is Output?
Video
It consists of full-motion images that are played back at
various speeds.
Video often is captured with a video input device such
as video camera.
As with audio, software and Web sites often include
video clips to enhance understanding.
Examples:
Users watch a live news report, view a replay
while attending a live sport event.
10. What is Output Devices?
An output device is any hardware components
that convey information to one or more people.
Commonly used output devices include:
1. Display Devices
2. Printers
3. Multifunctional Peripherals
4. Speakers, Headsets and Earbuds
5. Data Projectors
6. Interactive Whiteboards
7. Force feedback Game Controllers and
Tactile Output
11. Display Devices
It is an output device that visually
text, graphics, and video information.
conveys
Information on a display device often is called soft
copy, because the information exists electronically and is
displayed for temporary period of time.
Display devices consist of a screen and the components that
produce the information on the screen.
Most display devices show text, graphics, and video
information in color.
Some, however, are
monochrome. Monochrome means the information
appears in one color.
12. Display Devices
Two types of display devices are Flat-panel display
and CRT monitors.
Flat-panel display is a lightweight display device
with shallow depth and flat screen that typically
uses LCD (liquid crystal display) or gas plasma
technology.
The term, flat screen, means the screen is not
curved.
Types of flat panel displays include:
1. LCD monitors
2. LCD screens
3. Plasma monitors.
14. Display Devices –
LCD Monitors & Screens
It is a desktop monitor that uses a liquid crystal display
to produce images. These monitors produce sharp,
flicker-free images.
LCD Advantages and uses
LCD monitors have a small footprint; that is they do not
take up much desk space. For additional space savings,
some LCD monitors are wall mountable.
Mobile computers, such as notebook computers and
tablets PC, and mobile devices, such as portable media
players, and smart phone, often have built in LCD
screen.
15. Display Devices –
LCD Monitors & Screens
LCD Technology
LCD monitors and screens produce color using either passive
matrix or active matrix technology.
Active Matrix
Passive Matrix
Display uses a separate transistor
to apply charges to each liquid
crystal cell and thus displays highquality color that is viewable
from all angles.
Display uses fewer transistors and
requires less power, and is less
expensive than active-matrix
display. The color on a passive
matrix display often is not as
bright as an active matrix. Users
view images on a passive matrix
display best when working
directly in front of it.
16. Display Devices –
Plasma Monitors
• A plasma monitor is a display device that uses gas
plasma technology, which sandwiches a layer of gas
between two glass plates. When voltage is applied, the
gas releases ultraviolet (UV) light. This UV light causes
the pixels on the screen to glow and form an image.
• Plasma monitor offer screen sizes up to 150 inches
wide and richer color than LCD monitors but are most
expensive.
• Like LCD monitors, plasma monitors can hang directly
on a wall.
17. Display Devices –
Plasma Monitors
• Plasma monitor offer screen sizes up to
150 inches wide and richer color than
LCD monitors but are most expensive.
18. Display Devices –
Televisions
Home users sometimes use their television as a display
device. Connecting a computer to an analog television
requires a converter that translates the digital signal from
the computer into an analog signal that the television can
display.
Digital television signals provide two major advantages
over analog signals there are:
Digital signals produce a higher quality picture.
Many programs can be broadcast on a single digital
channel.
19. Display Devices –
Televisions
• HDTV (high definition television) is the most advanced
form of digital television, working with digital
broadcast, transmitting digital sound, supporting wide
screen and higher resolution display than a standard
television set.
20. Display Devices –
Televisions
• With HDTV, the broadcast signals are digitized when
they are sent via satellite or cable. A decoder in your
home receives the signal and sends it into the HDTV
display.
21. Display Devices –
CRT Monitors
CRT monitor is a desktop monitor that similar
to a standard television set because it contains
a cathode-ray tube (CRT).
CRT is a large, sealed glass tube. The front of the
tube is the screen.
Tiny dots of phosphor material coat the screen on a
CRT. Inside the CRT, an electron beam moves back
and forth across the back of the screen . This causes
the dots on the front of the screen to glow, which
produces an image on the screen.
22. Display Devices –
CRT Monitors
CRT monitors have a much larger footprint than do
LCD monitors; that is take up more desk space.
A CRT monitor costs less than an LCD monitor, but
it also generates more heat and use more power
than an LCD monitor.
23. Printers
Printer is an output device
that produces text and
graphics on a physical
medium such as paper or
transparency film.
Printed information, is called
hard copy, exists physically
and is a more permanent
form of output than that
presented on a display device
(soft copy).
Hard copy, also called a
printout, can be printed in
portrait or landscape
orientation.
portrait
landscape
25. Printers – Nonimpact Printers
• A nonimpact printer forms characters and graphics on a
piece of paper without actually striking the paper.
– Examples: Spray ink, use heat or pressure to create
image.
• Commonly used nonimpact printers are:
– Ink jet printer, Photo printer, Laser printer, Thermal
printer, mobile printer, label and postage printer, plotters, and
large format printer.
26. Nonimpact Printers –
Ink-jet Printer
An ink-jet printer is a type of non-impact printer that
forms characters and graphics by spraying tiny drops of
liquid ink onto a piece of paper.
This printers can produce letter-quality text and
graphics in both black &white and color on various
materials such as envelopes, labels, transparencies, &
iron-on T-shirts transfers, as well as a variety of paper
types.
27. Nonimpact Printers –
Ink-jet Printer
Printer resolution
• One factor that determines the quality of an ink-jet printer
is its resolution. Printer resolution is measured by the
number of dots per inch (dpi) a printer can print. The
higher the dpi, the better the print quality.
28. Nonimpact Printers –
Ink-jet Printer
Most ink-jet printer can print from 1200 to 4800 dpi.
The speed of an ink-jet printer is measured by the
number of pages per minute (ppm).
Mostly, they can print from 12 to 36ppm.
29. Nonimpact Printers –
Ink-jet Printer
print head
print cartridge
firing
chamber
ink dot
bubble
resistor
ink
nozzle
Step 1. A small
Step 2. The
Step 3. Ink drops
resistor heats the ink,
causing the ink to boil
and form a vapor
bubble.
vapor bubble forces
the ink through the
nozzle.
onto the paper.
Step 4. As the vapor bubble
collapses, fresh ink is drawn into the
firing chamber.
30. Nonimpact Printers –
Photo Printer
Photo Printer is a color printer that
produces photo-lab-quality pictures.
With models that can print lettersized documents, users connect the
photo printer to their computer and
use it for all their printing needs, and
this type of photo printer is ideal for
the home or small business users.
31. Nonimpact Printers –
Photo Printer
Many photo printers have a
built-in card slot so the printer
can print digital photographs
directly from a media card.
Some photo printers have a builtin LCD color screens, allowing
users to view and enhance the
pictures before printing them.
32. Nonimpact Printers –
Laser Printer
A laser printer is a high-speed, high quality
non-impact printer.
When printing a
document, laser printers process and store the
entire page before they actually print it.
Storing a page before printing requires that
the laser printer has a certain amount of
memory in the devices.
Laser printers use software that enables
them to interpret a Page Description
Language (PDL) which tells the printer
how to layout the contents of a printed
page.
34. Nonimpact Printers –
Laser Printer
Laser printer features
A laser printer creates images using laser beam and
powdered ink, called Toner.
Laser printers print text and graphics in high-quality
resolutions, usually 1200dpi for black-and-white
printers and up to 2400dpi for color printers.
Printing speed of a laser printer for home and small
office users: Black-and-white text – 15 to
62ppm, Color text – 8 to 40ppm. Printing speed of a
laser printer for large business users is more than
150ppm.
36. Nonimpact Printers –
Multifunction Peripherals
• A multifunction peripheral (MFP) is a single device
that prints, scans, copies, and in some cases, faxes.
Sometimes called an all-in-one device.
• Advantage:
– Less space than having a separate individual device.
– Significantly less expensive than purchase each
device separately.
• Disadvantage:
– If the device break down, loss all four functions.
38. Nonimpact Printers –
Thermal Printer
It generates images by pushing electrically heated pins
against heat- sensitive paper.
It is an inexpensive, but the print quality is low and
the images tend to fade over time.
Example:
Point-of-sale terminal in retail and grocery stores print
purchase receipts on the thermal paper.
39. Nonimpact Printers –
Thermal Printer
Two special types of thermal printers have a very high
print quality and can print at much faster rates are:
Thermal wax-transfer printer
Generates rich, nonsmearing images by using heat to
melt colored wax onto heat-sensitive paper. It is more
expensive than ink-jet printers, but less expensive than
many color laser printers.
Dye-sublimation printer (or digital photo printer)
Use heat to transfer colored dye to specially coated
paper. It can create images that are of photographic
quality.
40. Nonimpact Printers –
Mobile Printer
Mobile printer is a small, lightweight, batterypowered printer that allows a mobile user to print
from a laptop, smart phone, PDA while travelling.
Mobile printers mainly use ink-jet, thermal, thermal
wax-transfer, or dye-sublimation technology.
Many of these printers connect to a parallel port or
USB port.
41. Nonimpact Printers –
Label & Postage Printer
Label printer is a small printer that
prints on an adhesive-type
material that can be placed on
variety of items such as floppy
disks, CDs, DVDs, audiocassettes,
photographs, toys and bar codes.
Postage printer is a special type of
label printer that has a built-in
digital scale and prints postage
stamps
42. Nonimpact Printers –
Plotters & Large-format Printer
Plotters are sophisticated printers
used to produce high quality
drawings such as
blueprints, maps, and circuit
diagrams. These printers are used in
specialized fields such as
engineering and drafting and
usually are very costly.
Large-format printer creates photorealistic-quality color prints. Graphic
artists use these high-cost, highperformance printers for
signs, posters and other
professional quality display.
43. Printers – Impact Printers
• Impact printer forms characters and graphics on
piece of paper by striking a mechanism against an
inked ribbon that physically contacts the paper.
– It is noisy because of striking activity.
– Produce near letter quality output, which is print
quality slightly less clear.
– Ideal for printing multipart forms because they easily
print through many layers of paper.
• Two commonly types:
1. dot-matrix
2. line printer
44. Impact Printers –
Dot-matrix Printer
A Dot-Matrix printer is an impact printer that
produces printed images when tiny wire pins on
a print head mechanism strikes an inked ribbon.
When the ribbon presses against the paper, it
creates dots that form characters and graphics.
Most dot-matrix printers use continuous-form
paper, in which each sheet of paper is
connected together. The pages generally have
holes punched along two opposite sides so the
paper can be fed through the printer.
46. Impact Printers –
Dot-matrix Printer
Dot-matrix printer features:
The print head mechanism on a dot-matrix printer
can contain 9 to 24 pins, depending on the
manufacturer and the printer model. A higher
number of pins mean the printer prints more dots
per character, which result in higher print quality.
The speed of a dot-matrix printer is measured by
the number of characters per second (cps) it can
print. The speed of dot matrix printers ranges from
375 to 1100 characters per second (cps), depending
on the desired print quality.
47. Impact Printers –
Line Printer
A line printer is a high-speed impact
printer that prints an entire line at a
time.
The speed of a line printer is
measured by the no. of lines per
minute (lpm) it can print. Some line
printers print as many as 3000 lpm.
Mainframes, servers or networked
applications, such as
manufacturing, distribution or
shipping often use line printers.
48. Speaker, Headphones & Earbuds
An Audio output device is a component of a
computer that produces music, speech or other
sounds, such as beeps.
Three commonly used audio output devices are:
1. Speakers
2. Headphones
3. Earbuds
Most PC has a small internal speaker that usually
outputs only low quality sound. Thus, many
users add stereo speakers to their computers to
generate a higher-quality sound.
50. Speaker, Headphones & Earbuds
Most speakers have tone and volume
controls, allowing users to adjust settings. To
boost the low bass sounds, some users add a
woofer (also called a subwoofer). Users connect
the stereo speakers and subwoofer to ports on
the sound card.
With the headphones or earphones, only the
individual wearing the headphones or
earphones hears the sound from the computer.
The difference is that headphones cover or are
placed outside of the ear, whereas earbuds or
earphones rest inside the ear canal.
51. Other Output Devices
• Other output devices are available for
specific uses and applications
Data projectors
Interactive
whiteboards
Force-feedback
game controllers
Tactile output
52. Other Output Devices –
Data Projectors
Data Projector is an
output device takes the
image from a computer
screen and projects it onto
a larger screen so that the
audience can see the
image clearly.
It can be a large device
attached to a ceiling or
wall in an auditorium, or
they can be small portable
devices.
53. Other Output Devices –
Data Projectors
Two types of smaller, lower cost units are:
LCD Projector
It using liquid crystal display technology, attaches
directly to a computer and uses its own light source to
display the information shown on the computer
screen.
DLP Projector (Digital Light Processing)
Its use tiny mirrors to reflect light, producing
crisp, bright, colorful images that can be seen clearly
even in a well-lit room. DLP projector produces
sharper and brighter images than LCD projector.
55. Other Output Devices –
Interactive Whiteboards
An interactive whiteboard is a touch sensitive
device, resembling a dry erase board that displays
the image on a connected computer screen.
A presenter controls the computer program by
clicking a remote control, touching the
whiteboard, drawing on or erasing the whiteboard
with a special digital pen and eraser, or writing on
a special tablet.
Interactive whiteboards are used frequently in
classroom as a teaching tool, during meeting as a
collaboration tool, and to enhance delivery of
presentation.
57. Other Output Devices –
Force-Feedback Game Controllers
Game controllers with force-feedback such as:
Steering wheel to feel the sliding movement
Joystick to feel the forward movement of a
simulated helicopter flying
Pedals to feel the shift in speed
58. Other Output Devices –
Tactile Output
Tactile output
Feature include with some input devices that provides the
user with a physical response from the device.
Example: User may sense a bumping feeling on their hand
while scrolling through a smart phone’s contact list.
59. Factors for Output Device Selection
Output devices should be selected to meet specific
user and business requirement.
Factor 1: Select categories of output
Text documents including reports, letters, etc.
Graphics charts, graphs, pictures
Multimedia combination of text, graphics, video, audio
60. Factors for Output Device Selection
Factor 2: Speed of an output device
•
•
The speed at which output is required may critical.
For example:
–
–
To print a large volume of data, a laser printer might be
most suitable to finish the work more quickly.
If a single enquiry is required, it may be quicker to read
from a display devices.
61. Factors for Output Device Selection
Factor 3:
The suitability of the output devices to the application
•
It will usually be clear which method is suited to a
particular application, as the characteristics of each
are very different.
•
For example:
– Display device visually conveys
text, graphics, and video information.
– Plotters used to produce high quality drawings
such as blueprints and maps
– Speaker to generate a higher-quality sound.
62. Factors for Output Device Selection
Factor 4: Volume of information produced
• Volume of information produced may affect the choice
• For example:
– Display device can hold a certain amount of data, but it
becomes more difficult to read when information ' goes
off ' screen and can only be read ' a page' at a time.
– Printer can print large amount of data on paper and it is
more permanent than that presented on a display device.
63. Summary
• This chapter described the various methods of
output and several commonly used output
devices.
