About reference materials and its types.

1. Reference Material
Reference materials are various sources that provide
background information or quick facts on any given
topic.
Choosing an appropriate source of information to
meet our needs can save our time and help us get
hold of relevant information.

2.  Encyclopaedia
 Newsletter
 Magazine
 Journal
Different types of Reference Materials

3. Encyclopaedias
A work containing information on all subjects, or
limited to a special field or subject, arranged in
systematic (usually alphabetical), order.
 Encyclopaedias General
 Encyclopaedias Subject

5. Encyclopaedias
 Dictionary - linguistic information
encyclopaedia - factual information.
 Encyclopaedias have existed for around 2,000
years the oldest -Naturalis Historia (Pliny the
Elder)
 The world's largest, Encyclopaedia universal
ilustrada europeo-Americana (118 volumes,
105,000 pages.
 Wikipedia-Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger

6. Encyclopaedias General
It contain an alphabetically organized listing of a
broad range of subjects with basic information for
each entry.
 Example - World Book Encyclopaedia.

8. Encyclopaedias Subject
It contain the same type of information and
organized like a general encyclopaedia. The entries
are limited to those that fall within the subject
encyclopaedia’s scope of the coverage.
 Example - Encyclopaedia of Mammals.
 The Grolier Encyclopaedia of Science and
Technology.

10. Encyclopaedias
Advantages
 Facts about a topic
 Quality checked
Disadvantages
 Print copies may go out of date

11. Newsletter
A newsletter is a regularly distributed publication
that is generally about one main topic of interest to
its subscribers. Newspapers and leaflets are types of
newsletters.
 Example - newsletters are distributed at schools
to inform parents about things that happen in that
school.

13. Newsletter
Advantages
 Up-to-date coverage of events, news and opinion
 Include images
 Can include reliable information as well as some
facts and figures
Disadvantages
 Can be biased
 May be influenced by political loyalties
 Some items may be written to entertain rather than
to portray facts

14. Magazine
Magazines are publications, usually periodical
publications, that are printed or electronically
published. (The online versions are called online
magazines.) They are generally published on a
regular schedule and contain a variety of content.

16. The Subscription Business Model for
distribution falls into 3 main categories
 Paid circulation
In this model, the magazine is sold to readers for a
price.
 Non-paid circulation
This means that there is no cover price and issues are
given away, for example airline in-flight magazines.

17. The Subscription Business Model for
distribution falls into 3 main categories
 Controlled circulation
This is the model used by many trade magazines
(industry-based periodicals) distributed only to
qualifying readers, often for free and determined by
some form of survey.

18. Magazine
Advantages
 Indicates areas of professional interest
 Up-to-date coverage of news and opinion
 Opportunities for communities to engage
 Feature new services, resources or areas of interest
Disadvantages
 Not as extensively quality reviewed as journals

19. Journal
A newspaper or magazine that deals with a particular
subject or professional activity. Magazine, review,
newsletter, news-sheet, bulletin.
A collection of articles relating to a particular topic
published regularly (e.g. once a month, quarterly,
annually)

21. Journal
Advantages
 Include the latest research
 Up-to-date
 Cover very specific topics
 List references used – good source for further
research
Disadvantages
 Don’t go into as much detail as books