South East Asia PERIOD 4 MS. RÉGNIER J.M. S.N. J.D.

Southeast Asia stretches from Asia to Australia. It lies between the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Southeast Asia has many islands and a mainland. The mainland’s peninsula borders China and India. Laos, Vietnam, and Cambodia make up Korea’s mainland. The Islands in Southeast Asia are the Philippines, Sumatra, Borneo, Indonesia. The Geography of Southeast Asia JD 4

Southeast Asia stretches from Asia to Australia.

It lies between the Indian and Pacific Oceans.

Southeast Asia has many islands and a mainland.

The mainland’s peninsula borders China and India.

Laos, Vietnam, and Cambodia make up Korea’s mainland.

The Islands in Southeast Asia are the Philippines, Sumatra, Borneo, Indonesia.

Indian Influences Merchant boats in 1 A.D began the influence Indian Culture had on South East Asia Hindu and Buddhist missionaries traveled to spread faith Kingdoms followed Indian Faith and political ideas Hinduism and its practices were practiced throughout the regions Angkor Wat – a architectural complex dedicated to the Hindu God Vishnu( preserver of the universe and embodiment of goodness and mercy) Asian poets wrote in Sanskrit Palembang on the island of Sumatra became the center of Buddhist learning for monks to study in instead of traveling to India SN 4

Merchant boats in 1 A.D began the influence Indian Culture had on South East Asia

Hindu and Buddhist missionaries traveled to spread faith

Kingdoms followed Indian Faith and political ideas

Hinduism and its practices were practiced throughout the regions

Angkor Wat – a architectural complex dedicated to the Hindu God Vishnu( preserver of the universe and embodiment of goodness and mercy)

Asian poets wrote in Sanskrit

Palembang on the island of Sumatra became the center of Buddhist learning for monks to study in instead of traveling to India

Chinese Influence Migration and trade led to spread of ideas and culture Main influence was in political system Centralized government was adopted in many places like Korea and Japan. Confucian system adopted in Korea to qualify for official jobs They also ruled or demanded tributes from local lords on the mainland of SEA Buddhism was spread through China to Vietnam which was conquered about 100 A.D Japanese also adopted many Chinese principles and expeditions were made to china to study their culture. Chinese writing influenced Korean and Japanese writing systems. SN 4

Migration and trade led to spread of ideas and culture

Main influence was in political system

Centralized government was adopted in many places like Korea and Japan.

Confucian system adopted in Korea to qualify for official jobs

They also ruled or demanded tributes from local lords on the mainland of SEA

Buddhism was spread through China to Vietnam which was conquered about 100 A.D

Japanese also adopted many Chinese principles and expeditions were made to china to study their culture.

Chinese writing influenced Korean and Japanese writing systems.

Korea’s Geography Korea has very hot summers and freezing winters. Korea is mountainous, with little land available for farming. Korea developed in isolation from Southeast Asia. Korea has many mountains and valleys that impair communication to the rest of Asia. JD 4

Korea has very hot summers and freezing winters.

Korea is mountainous, with little land available for farming.

Korea developed in isolation from Southeast Asia.

Korea has many mountains and valleys that impair communication to the rest of Asia.

Korea’s Geography Korea has very hot summers and freezing winters. Korea is mountainous, with little land available for farming. Korea developed in isolation from Southeast Asia. Korea has many mountains and valleys that impair communication to the rest of Asia. JD 4

Korea has very hot summers and freezing winters.

Korea is mountainous, with little land available for farming.

Korea developed in isolation from Southeast Asia.

Korea has many mountains and valleys that impair communication to the rest of Asia.

According to legend, Korea was founded by Tan’Gun. His father was a god, and his mother was a bear. Another legend says that a descendant from the Chinese Han Dynasty founded Korea. Like early Japan, many clans controlled different parts of Korea. The Han empire conquered most of Korea in 108 B.C. They established a military government. With Chinese rulers, Korea learned of centralized government, writing, Buddhism, and Confucianism. While the Han ruled Korea, the numerous Korean clans gathered into federations. The federations turned into three rival kingdoms. Korea’s Early History JD 4

According to legend, Korea was founded by Tan’Gun.

His father was a god, and his mother was a bear.

Another legend says that a descendant from the Chinese Han Dynasty founded Korea.

Like early Japan, many clans controlled different parts of Korea.

The Han empire conquered most of Korea in 108 B.C.

They established a military government.

With Chinese rulers, Korea learned of centralized government, writing, Buddhism, and Confucianism.

While the Han ruled Korea, the numerous Korean clans gathered into federations.

The federations turned into three rival kingdoms.

Korean Dynasties The rise of one of Koreas most well known dynasty, the Koryu dynasty occurred after the fall of the Silla. Under Silla rule, Koreans took upon a new style of architecture, religion and a phonetic writing system. Now that Korea has gained so much, after the fall of the Silla, Korea was more powerful which made the Koryu dynasty strong as well. EFFECTS OF INFLUENCES ON KOREA Korea modeled its central government after China, even using the Confucian civil service examination to determine work and status. Although the public was eligible to take the exam, the best positions were usually given away to the sons of noble men. This resulted in Korea being divided between an aristocracy and the remaining population (military, slaves and commoners) This wasn’t the only issue, for in 1231 the Mongols attacked Korea and demanded a tribute that included 20,000 horses, clothing for the military and children and artisans who were to be taken away as slaves After the Mongol rule which lasted until the 1350’s, heavy taxation of the wealthy landlords resulted in revolts. These revolts continued until a group of scholars and military leaders overthrew the Koryu Dynasty in 1392. They established a new dynasty called the Choson which ruled for the next five centuries. 57 B.C. – A.D 935 918 – 1392* 1392 -1910 Silla Dynasty Koryu Dynasty Choson Dynasty 1231-1350 1270 Goryeo signs a Mongol Invasion peace treaty with the Mongols JM 4

Korea modeled its central government after China, even using the Confucian civil service examination to determine work and status.

Although the public was eligible to take the exam, the best positions were usually given away to the sons of noble men. This resulted in Korea being divided between an aristocracy and the remaining population (military, slaves and commoners)

This wasn’t the only issue, for in 1231 the Mongols attacked Korea and demanded a tribute that included 20,000 horses, clothing for the military and children and artisans who were to be taken away as slaves

After the Mongol rule which lasted until the 1350’s, heavy taxation of the wealthy landlords resulted in revolts. These revolts continued until a group of scholars and military leaders overthrew the Koryu Dynasty in 1392. They established a new dynasty called the Choson which ruled for the next five centuries.

KORYU CULTURE During the Koryu period a great amount of culture emerged. Korean artists produced beautiful pottery and art works inspired by the Song Dynasty. Scholars and writers recorded the first national history of Korea in addition to producing fine poetry and literary works. Korean skilled workers made one of the greatest contributions to the Buddhist culture when they carved the entire canon of Buddhist scriptures into thousands of wooden blocks. However the 60 years of hard work was destroyed by the Mongols, but that was when Koreas perseverance and strength really shined through. A national effort began to re-create these wooden blocks, and in present day over 81,000 wooden blocks remain. JM 4

During the Koryu period a great amount of culture emerged. Korean artists produced beautiful pottery and art works inspired by the Song Dynasty. Scholars and writers recorded the first national history of Korea in addition to producing fine poetry and literary works.

Korean skilled workers made one of the greatest contributions to the Buddhist culture when they carved the entire canon of Buddhist scriptures into thousands of wooden blocks.

However the 60 years of hard work was destroyed by the Mongols, but that was when Koreas perseverance and strength really shined through. A national effort began to re-create these wooden blocks, and in present day over 81,000 wooden blocks remain.

MORE KOREAN CULTURE With the straights and sea routes in Southeast Asia, lords from other lands were allowed to come and spread influence over places like Korea. These seas also were the key to political power in Southeast Asia. Over trade, in the Koryu dynasty with the development of celadon pottery came very colorful art period contributed by Mongolian influences. Also, Korea accepted influences from other developing societies besides Japan and China. In the construction of the million wooden Buddhist blocks, Korea made itself a center for Buddhist culture. Many people from China, Islam, Africa and Japan came to Korea to worship. With these alliances, Korea was able to expand it’s trade routes, therefore benefitting it’s economy. JM 4

With the straights and sea routes in Southeast Asia, lords from other lands were allowed to come and spread influence over places like Korea. These seas also were the key to political power in Southeast Asia.

Over trade, in the Koryu dynasty with the development of celadon pottery came very colorful art period contributed by Mongolian influences.

Also, Korea accepted influences from other developing societies besides Japan and China.

In the construction of the million wooden Buddhist blocks, Korea made itself a center for Buddhist culture. Many people from China, Islam, Africa and Japan came to Korea to worship. With these alliances, Korea was able to expand it’s trade routes, therefore benefitting it’s economy.

JM 4

BIBLIOGRAPHY http://www.rom.on.ca/news/releases/public.php?mediakey=sg1yebpnv8 McDougal Littell World History Patterns of interaction copyright © 1999 McDougal Littell Inc. http://www.farhorizon.com/Southeast_Asia/images-khmer/bot_Angkor-Wat-sunset_lg.jpg (Emily Pie.com) Clip Art http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://mabryonline.org/blogs/howard/archives/map_southeast_asia.jpg&imgrefurl=http://mabryonline.org/blogs/howard/archives/general_information/index.html&h=491&w=550&sz=47&hl=en&start=1&um=1&tbnid=XsWNoJJ3E7JToM:&tb http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.asianinfo.org/asianinfo/countries_map/map-picture/s_korea_pol_95.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.asianinfo.org/asianinfo/countries_map/s-korea-map.htm&h=1248&w=1014&sz=246&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=twCQ0D33vXSmUM http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://icho2006.kcsnet.or.kr/image/img_main/i_ie_en_korea_map.jpg&imgrefurl=http://icho2006.kcsnet.or.kr/main/i_icho2006/i_ie_en_korea.htm%3Fqpage%3Di_ie_en_korea&h=337&w=300&sz=83&hl=en&start=2&um=1&tbnid=CpvUcznQRG6iVM:&tbnh=119&tbnw=106&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dkorea%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dsafari%26rls%3Den%26sa%3DG http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://lh3.google.com/_X8fXfzeIsOs/RUPdZ6MyABI/AAAAAAAAAa4/xgbzA7orMvY/s800/DSC02770.JPG&imgrefurl=http://picasaweb.google.com/lh/photo/Dvx5va7rlgMwl6XXyy6bcw&h=600&w=800&sz=130&hl=en&start=1&um=1&tbnid=4a90U7lFYQNM

http://www.rom.on.ca/news/releases/public.php?mediakey=sg1yebpnv8

McDougal Littell World History Patterns of interaction copyright © 1999 McDougal Littell Inc.

http://www.farhorizon.com/Southeast_Asia/images-khmer/bot_Angkor-Wat-sunset_lg.jpg

(Emily Pie.com)

Clip Art

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