The document summarizes several Native American groups that lived in Texas across different culture areas. In the Western Gulf Culture Area, the nomadic Karankawa lived along the coast and used dugout canoes, while the Coahuiltecan hunted and gathered across south Texas. In the Southeastern Culture Area, the agricultural Caddo lived in villages in eastern Texas, and the Wichita Confederacy settled along the Red River. The Atakapa lived between the Caddo and the Gulf coast, farming corn. In the Pueblo Culture Area, the Jumano lived in large villages along the Rio Grande, farming and hunting. On the Great Plains, groups like the Tonkawa and Apache depended on buff

1. Texas Indians

3. The Karankawa did not need much clothing. Their clothes were made out of deerskin or grass. They painted themselves with bright colors. To keep the insects away they rubbed alligator fat and dirt into their skin. The Karankawa treated their children with kindness. They gave their children two names, one of which only their family knew .

6. The Caddo was a matrilineal society. This means they traced their families through their mother’s side. Their houses were wooden poles covered with grass. Some may have plastered the outside walls with mud. Both men and women tattooed and painted their bodies.

7. The Wichita confederacy included four groups. They settled along the Red River. They lived along creeks and rivers. They grew beans, corn, melons and squash. The Wichita used horses to hunt buffalo and deer. They lived in permanent villages. Like the Caddo , the Wichita tattooed their bodies. Theirs was more extreme.