1RBI-ENGLISH 7 (Q3-W3)- THE INFLUENCE OF CULTURE, HISTORY, AND ENVIRONMENT ON PHILIPPINE LITERATURE.pptx

1. Native Americans of
North America
Indicator 4-1.2: Compare the everyday life, physical
environment, an culture of the major Native American
groupings; including, The Eastern Woodlands, The
Plains, the Southwest, the Great Basin, an the Pacific
Northwest.

2. The Eastern Woodlands
Chapter 2 Lesson 1
Page 76

3. Vocabulary
Tribe- a group of families bound together under a
single leadership.
Cultural region- an area in which people with similar
cultures live
League- an organization that people form which unites
them for a particular purpose.
Longhouse- an Iroquois building used for shelter.
Wampum- belts of strings of polished seashells that
were used for trading an gift-giving by Iroquois and
other Native Americans
Reservation- land set aside by the United States
government for Native Americans

4. Who were they and where did
they live?
The people of the Eastern Woodlands live in the eastern
part of North America. They settle the areas between just
north of the Great Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico an west as
far as the Mississippi River. The Appalachian Mountains
fun along this region.
The two main language groups make up the tribes in this
region. They are the Iroquios and the Algonquian Indians.
We will be focusing on learning about the Iroquios.
The Iroquois was not one tribe but a group of several tribes
that lived near each other and spoke similar languages.
The "Five Tribes" that first joined to form the Iroquois
Confederacy, or League, were the Mohawk, Oneida,
Onondaga, Cayuga, and Seneca.

5. How did they live?
The Eastern Woodland tribes lived in one of the
largest forests in North America. The thick forests
offered nearly endless supplies of wood.
Iroquois lived in villages near streams or on
hilltops.
They used the plants and trees for food, medicines,
and shelter. The bark and logs of the trees were
used to make canoes, utensils, weapons, and homes.
The animals of the forest provide the people with
food. They used animal skins for clothing. People
hunted animals that were plentiful in the area-such
as deer, bear, elk, and beaver.

6. The Iroquois used the woodlands for both
food and clothing. Men hunted for deer; they
used the animal hides for clothing and the
meat for food.
Women tanned the hides and sewed them
into shirts and leggings. They also cleared
parts of the woodlands of trees to make fields
for crops.
Thousands of lakes, rivers, and streams
provided water and fish.
Native Americans grew crops such as corn,
beans, and squash in the fertile soil.

7. The Iroquois people live in longhouses. The longhouses
were built of elm logs covered with strips of elm bark. Each
house was a home to several families. It could provide for
up to twelve families. Each family had a separate space
inside the longhouse. Rows of shared cooking fires were
placed in a center aisle of the longhouse.
It was called a longhouse because it could be as long as 150
feet (half of a football field).
The Iroquois called themselves the “People of the
Longhouse.”

8. Native Americans felt a deep connection to their natural
surroundings. Their spiritual culture was a part of every
aspect of their daily lives. They were very careful to treat
animals an the environment with respect. When hunting
an animal, a hunter would thank it for its life. They felt
that the animal was a brother sent from the Creator to
provide them with the gift of food.
To show their appreciation for a successful harvest, they
had ceremonies to honor the “Great Spirit in heaven”.
At harvest time, the Iroquois gave thanks for their crops:
“Great Spirit in heaven, we salute you with our
thanks, that you have preserve so many of us for
another year, to participate in the ceremonies of
this occasion.”

9. A wampum belt might serve as a gift to honor
a marriage. It might be given to comfort
someone after the death of a loved one. Some
belts were create to symbolize an important
event. They could even be use as an invitation
to peaceful talks.
Wampum was highly valued by the Iroquois.

10. How were they governed?
All five Indian tribes formed a union. A union
is also called a confederacy. Their
government was called The Great Peace Law.
Eventually, there were six tribes in the
confederacy. The nations who once fought
against each other now worked together as
brothers and sisters. They worked together as
one people. If any one of these nations was
attacked, the injury was felt by all of the
union’s other nations too.

11. Quick Fact!
White leaders like Benjamin Franklin watched the Confederacy
and learned democracy from it. One of the good ideas he
learned is that each person should be able to speak without
being interrupted. Today, our United States government is a lot
like the Confederacy.

13. The Great Plains
Chapter 1 Lesson 2
Page 82

14. Vocabulary
Lodges- large, round huts built over a deep
hole
Tepee- dwelling built by Plains Native
Americans, made of poles arranged in a circle
covered by buffalo hides.
Travois- sled made of poles tied together;
used by Native Americans to transport goods
across the plains.

15. Lets explore
the Great Plains!
The Great Plains were and still are a fairly
flat region.
Very few trees grew on the dry Great Plains,
but millions of buffalo grazed the huge area.
Tribes of the Great Plains include the Lakota,
the Pawnee, Osage, and the Cheyenne.
For a long time, most Plains people followed
a farming and hunting life. Because the land
was so dry, they settled their villages along
rivers. The water from the rivers allowed
them to grow crops-corn, beans, squash, and

16. People used buffalo as a major source
of meat. The people made buffalo
hides into articles like clothing and
blankets. They carved buffalo horns
into bowls. They even used the
stomachs of buffalos as cooking pots
for stew. The Native Americans even
used buffalo dung, or manure, to start
fires!
Buffalos were hunted during the
summer and fall. Three or four buffalo
could feed a family for several months.
Plains Indians could kill their prey by
crouching near them in an animal
disguise, or by getting the buffalo to
stampede over a cliff.

17. When hunting, people lived in tepees. They
built lodges to live in. These were large, round
huts built over a deep hole. The walls of the
lodge were made of earth, packed over a wood
frame.
The Plains Indians made travois by lashing the
load to two poles. Dogs pulled the travois; the
load could weigh up about 75 pounds.
Eventually, horses, brought by the Spanish
explorers, were introduced to the Plains tribes.
The Plains people were very spiritual;
they respected the land and
everything on it.

18. How were they governed?
The tribes of the Great Plains were led by
groups of people, not just one person. They
did not have a king. Sometimes these leaders
were called “chiefs.” The governments of
many Plains tribes were democratic. This
means that the chiefs were chosen by the
people.
Chiefs made the decisions with their people.
They were chosen to be chiefs because
people trusted them.