Menggabungkan fotografi dengan sajian multimedia english

F0T0GRAFI

Describe the multimedia

Basic Understanding

 Photography (Photography): Greek.
 Photos: Light
 Graphien: Drawing
 Photography: drawing objects by using
light.

Hal.: 2 Isikan Judul Halaman Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi

Camera Work Principle

 Light into the camera through the lens.
 Objects to be captured image can be seen in
the viewfinder.
 In light of the analog camera is used to burn
the movie.
 In the digital camera light that is received by
the sensor is then converted into digital data.
The data is then stored on storage media such
as SD card, CF, MMC, etc..


Camera types

1. Pocket Camera
Point and Shoot
camera.
Small and practical
dimensions.
Facilities: zoom, swivel
LCD, Video, etc..


Camera types

2. SLR
Single Lens Reflex: prevent paralax effect.
Parameter setting:
Shutter Speed - Shutter speed.
Aperture - Aperture Diaphragm.
Focus
Has many facilities: Various types of lenses,
filters, etc..


Camera types

Example SLR Camera:


Camera types

3. Range Finder
Point and Shoot
camera, fixed lens.
Setting: Shutter
Speed, Aperture
and Focus.
Can use a filter.


Camera types

4. Medium Format
Similar film SLR but larger
(120 mm)
Usually used for shooting
still life (it does not
move), for the purposes
of advertising and
magazine businesses that
require large images.


Camera types

5. Large Format Camera
Called the view camera. Film 4x5 inch or 8x10 inch.
Used for print media with very large size with very
good quality.
Generally used for special purposes, such as aerial
photographs and architectural photographs with a
short distance without causing distortion.


Camera types

Examples of Large Format
Camera:


Camera types

6. Instant Camera
Superior in speed to
produce an image.
No need to wash the film
print.
Does not have cliches
that can not be
reprinted.


Camera Accessories

1. Lenses
The lens is the tip of the spear of the
camera, well at least captured images
depends on the quality of the lens.
The sharpness of detail, contrast and color
quality is strongly influenced by the
quality of the lens.


Camera Lenses

a. Standard lens
Called a standard lens because it has a focus
lens in accordance with the human eye.
Lens perspective is similar to the human eye
point of view, so do not keep objects or
close objects.
Focus on the standard lens is 50 mm.


Camera Lenses

Standard lens 50 mm f/1.8


Camera Lenses

b. Wide Angle Lenses
Wide-angle lens is called the Wide Angle
Lens.
Can capture more objects.
By using this lens is the object becomes
more distant and smaller.
The focus on this lens is 17 mm, 20mm,
24mm, 28mm and 35mm.


Camera Lenses

Lensa Wide Angle 35 mm f/2


Camera Lenses

c. Fish Eyes
Fish eye lens is also called Fish Eye Lens.
The shape of this lens which has a highly
convex surface like fish eyes bulging chef.
Having such a focal point short of 14 mm,
15 mm or 16 mm.


Camera Lenses

Fish Eye lens 14 mm f/2.8


Camera Lenses

d. Tele Lenses
This lens can capture and bring the object
distance.
By using a telephoto lens objects can be
seen that much closer.
Imagine if you have pictures of lions from a
distance of 2 meters for only using a
standard lens.


Camera Lenses

Tele Lenses 300mm f/2.8


Camera Lenses

e. Zoom lens
A zoom lens is a lens that is very popular because
of practicality.
By having a zoom lens is the equivalent of a few
lenses, because the ability of this lens that can
change the focal point.
Size varies as a zoom lens 28-80mm, 35-70, 80-
200mm, 70-300mm.


Camera Lenses

Zoom lens 70-300mm f/3.5-f/5.6.


Tripod

 Tripod or can be referred to as three legs, is
a tool that serves to restrain the vibration
on the camera.
 Fotopun will stay sharp and beautiful even if
using a slow speed.
 In addition Monopod Tripod has a function
similar to a tripod, but only has one leg so
we still have to keep holding it.
 Monopod only vertically to avoid vibrations.


Tripod


Filter

 Filter mounted on the front of the lens, made of
high quality glass.
 In the world of photography there are a variety
of filter types, from which only serves to
embellish the image, to which can provide
special effects to photos.
 One filter is recommended to be installed in the
camera is type A1 Skylight or UV. In addition to
protecting the lens from scratches, since these
filters are neutral in nature and does not alter
the original color.


Filter

Example Filter:
Polarizing: sky color effects become more
intense and the color of the water surface
becomes more clear.
Diffusion or called Soft Focus soft effect on the
image, this filter is used when shooting
closeup.
Cross Screen which gives effect to the light
stars.


Filter


Blitz

 Flash, Flash or people usually called Blitz, is
a tool that can provide artificial light.
 Used when shooting at less light conditions,
like in the room, in the dark, at night.
 Blitz can also be used in place of the light
with a specific purpose.


Blitz


Using Camera

Equipment used:
Nikon D80 camera.
Zoom lens.
Camera Battery.
Secure Digital (SD) Card.


Using Camera

Practice Procedure:
Install the zoom lens.
Install the battery.
Install the SD Card.
Basic Camera Operation.


SCIENCE PHOTOGRAPHY

 Adjust the light intensity by changing:
1. combination of ISO / ASA (ISO Speed)
2. Diaphragm (Aperture)
3. Shutter speed (Speed). The combination of ISO,

 Diaphragms & Speed hereinafter referred to as
 Exposure (Exposure) In the era of digital
photography where the film is not used, then the
original film speed in use evolved into Digital ISO


History of Photography Discovery

 In the 10th century, Ibn al Haitam
 In the 15th abd, Leonardo da Vinci
 (1727) Heinrich Schulze studied the light
 (1802) Thomas Wedgwood find the same thing
too
 1826 Joseph Nicéphore Niépce find a permanent
black color
 Louis Daguerre, Joseph went on trial Nicéphore
 Louis Daguerre struggle to produce a first image
in human history.


DIFFERENCES AND
PRINCIPLES
The difference between analog and
digital cameras differ only in the
recording media and a few other
instruments

Principle photography is essentially a
light, an understanding of the
sensitivity to light, and composition
of light


History of Photography Discovery
In the 15th century, Leonardo's use of natural
phenomena, namely:

Camera Obscura

Camera = room
Obscura = dark
the form of a dark room with one wall there is
a hole


Camera development

Camera development in various fields
of

Cinematography
Education
Medical
and even to the field of defense and
security systems


Camera Types

 Some types of camera

 Pocket / Compact

 Rangefinder

 Viewfinder


Principle

Principle photography is memokuskan refraction of
light with the help of a medium that can burn the
light catcher. Medium that had been burned to the
size of the right light luminitas be identical with
menghailkan shadows into the light refracting
medium (hereinafter referred to as the lens).


Film Types

Meanwhile, by type, the film is divided into five kinds, namely: * a
negative film in black and white negative film color * * color
positive film (reversal / color slides) * X-ray Film * instant film


Kinds Sensitivity To Light

Based on the level of sensitivity to light, the film is divided into four
types, namely:

The film with the sensitivity level of the slow
* Film sensitivity level is
* Films with a high sensitivity level
* Films with very high sensitivity level


Camera Types
1. Pocket / compact. Pocket camera. Popular for ordinary people,
simple and easy to operate. Using 35mm film format.
2. Rangefinder. Range finder camera. Small, at first glance like a
pocket camera. The difference is, this camera has a mechanism
fokusing (hence called Rangefinder). Generally use 35mm film
format.
3. SLR, Single Lens Reflex. Single lens reflex camera. Popular
among professionals, amateurs and hobbyists. Generally have
replaceable lenses. Using 35mm film format. Also called the
camera system.
4. TLR, Twin Lens Reflex. Double lens reflex camera. Usually use
medium format.
5. Viewfinder. Usually use medium format.
6. The camera manual and automatic cameras.


Camera Types

6. Consumer. Pocket camera, cheap, easy to use.
The lens can not be replaced. Most have only fully-automatic
mode. Just point and shoot. Some, like the Canon A series, has
a manual mode.
7. Prosumer. SLR-like, high prices. The lens can not be replaced.
Shooting Mode manually and auto.
8. DSLR. Digital SLR.
Lens, the eye of the camera, in general determines the
resulting image quality lens has 2 important properties of focal
length and maximum aperture
9. Digital camera. Using a digital sensor instead of film.


EXAMPLES OF TYPES OF
CAMERA
OBSUCURA KAMERA

year: 1680

Function: new first reflex camera
functions to draw.


CAMERA
Mammoth Camera
Year: 1900

Size: 1400 Pound

Lens Weight: 500
Pounds


CAMERA
SINGLE CAMERA lens reflex
(SLR)
Boom years: 1950-2010

Advantages: can see the
object through the same
camera just like the picture.


Tips-Tips basis in Photography

1. Maximize Depth of Field (DoF)
2. Use a tripod and cable release
3. Find the focal point or focus point
4. Find Foreground (FG)
6. Find the Line / Lines / Pattern
7. Capture moment & movement
8. Working together with nature or the
weather
9. Golden Hours & Blue days


Tips-Tips basis in Photography

1. Maximize Depth of Field (DoF)

An approach to the normal concept of a landscape
photography is "sharply from the foot to the end of the
horizon".


Tips-Tips basis in
photography

2. Use a tripod and cable release

As a result of increasingly wide DOF resulting in increasing
length of exposure, need a tripod for long exposure to ensure
that the resulting image sharp. Cable release will also be very
helpful. If the camera has a facility for mirror-lock up, then the
facility can also be used to avoid micro-shake from the mirror
at the beginning of tapping.


Tips-Tips basis in
photography

3. Find the focal point or focus point

Point of focus here is not the point where the focus of the
camera is placed, but rather a point where the eyes will be fixed
first (eye-contact) at the sight, focus point, or more often
mistakenly called POI (Point of Interest).


Sample retrieval Focal Point

•Focal point in the example image below is the
• the left side of the boat people
•Focal point is the sun in danpantulannya
• fields.


Sample retrieval Focal Point

* Focal point is a farmer and buffalo.


Tips-Tips basis in
photography

4. Find Foreground (FG)

Foreground can be a focal point becomes even POI (Point of
Interest) in a landscape photo anda.Oleh therefore seek a strong
FG. Sometimes a good FG determine the "success" at least a
landscape photograph, no matter how dasyatnya sky as
itu.Sebuah object or pattern in the FG can create "a sense of
scale" of our landscape photographs.


Sample Image Foreground

•FG, from the boat, the grass to rock & starfish


Tips-Tips basis in
photography

6. Find the Line / Lines / Pattern
A line or pattern can create / become the focal eye that will
lead to further your landscape photos mengexplore.
Sometimes leading lines or patterns that can even be a POI
from the image. Line or pattern can be anything, a row of
trees, shadow, line the street, stairs, by the lake / sea, etc..


Tips-Tips basis in
photography

7. Capture moment & movement

Photo of landscape does
not have to provide a
portrait of a bird's-eye
view, but an isolated
detail, both the static
object and dynamically
moving reply, could
become a subject of a
landscape photograph.


Sample Line / Lines / Pattern
Sumbangkan terjemahan yang
lebih baik
Only by doing frequent hunting or photo trip, we'll get used
to seeing lines? Shape and pattern are sometimes
masked or blended with nature or the environment. Angle
and composition can strengthen a leading lines or shapes
that exist.

Photo left: linesFoto right: pattern


Tips-Tips basis in
photograph

8. Working together with nature or the weather

A scene can be changed very quickly. Therefore, to determine
when the best time to photograph is very important. In addition to
patience in the "wait" moment, the readiness of equipment
settings and carefulness in the search object and the Focal Point
as a cloud, ROL (ray of light), rainbows, fog, etc..


Tips-Tips basis in
photography

9. Golden Hours & Blue days

Golden hours are the time, usually 1-2 hours before sunset
(sunset) until 30 minutes before sunset, and 1-3 hours after
sunrise, where the "golden light" or the sun will make the color
that keemasaan at object.Selain, when golden hours will also
create a shadow on the object, be it a tree, or person to be able to
be a long and leading lines.


Examples photo

Sunrise


Examples photo

Before Sunset


Examples photo

Golden Hours


Examples photo

BlueHours


Understanding
Photographic

Mendeskripsikan tentang photografi


Light in Photographic

 PHOTOGRAPHY then developed very
quickly.

 Not only heliografi

 The discovery of artificial light in
photography school.


Light in Photographic

 Light in photography example

 X-ray
 spotlights
 also the flash (blits)
 Strobe lights
 Infrared rays


Camera Function

 CAMERA is a tool that serves to

 Catch
 perpetuate the image / image.


Camera Types

 And there will be more camera types
that appear in line with the times


camera

Bagian-bagian Kamera secara garis besar


LIGHTING

 Lighting (exposure), including the art or
technique to find the balance of the amount of
light (volume) through a lens and how long it
takes to produce images
 Measuring tool is the light intensity lightmeter
 As for seeking a balance of light of different
combinations of conditions, the diaphragm and
the shutter on the camera


PENCAHAYAAN

Tabel 1.1

Condition Diafragma Shutter speed
The sky was cloudless f/16
Cloudy f/11
1/ASA (ISO)
White sky (Overcast) f/8
Objects in the shadow f/5,6

NB: shutter speed (set in the camera) in
accordance with ASA / ISO film used yan


Photography techniques



1.Automatic 1.Flash
2.Efek "red eye"
3.White 3.Area
4.Size 4.Foto
5.Slow 5.Reaksi
6.Rear 6.Latar
7.Foto dimensionless
8.Jari in Lens
9.Ekspresi Face
10.Jarak Too Far
11.Warna Calm
Gross 12.Sensor



1. Automatic Flash
The point here is camera flash, camera flash
where the light is designed for shooting in
the room is less light, so that the flash image
quality will be



2.Efek "red eye"

Red eye picture here is not in our image
because of lack of sleep but a bolt of
lightning light parallel to the direction
of



3.White Area

The camera changed the color of light snow or
other objects into the gray and white, so the
camera will capture images to be bright and
will make a white uniform becomes very
light.



4. Size Foto

There are two ways to create a small file, do
not reduce dimension (panjag & width) image
because it will reduce the number of small
images pixel.Dimensi also not good to be
printed in large sizes, so use a maximum
image size, quality kurangin course.



5. Slow Reaksi

Sports, animals, small children are the object
image immortalized rada hard, with a place
yourself in the right position and then shoot
the target, then press half a key to lock the
focus, now wait for the right moment and
press management as keeping track of the
object.



6. Background

When photographing the face of the
background note, avoid background colorful
or semerawut images, which causes less
prominent facial images, may be precisely
the background that becomes prominent, so
try to avoid it



7.Foto dimensionless

Self portrait (portrait), which was photographed
in the normal way, appeared generally less
powerful dimension and was flat-flat, when
you approach the model's nose, drawing a big
nose instead of the proportion of face and
activate seharusnya.Mundurlah Aim zoom
and face to fill the frame.



 8. Finger on Lens

 Do not forget before the first open door
photographing lens cover, if not do not
expect to be photographed, but even if your
fingers covered the lens, but still can take
pictures .. this happened on a pocket camera
that is small, big-armed you will be hard to
hold it, hold the camera with two his left
hand gripping tustel from above and below,
not the front and rear.


 9.Ekspresi Face

 In order to photograph the face during the
day did not contain a dark shadow, pose face
light coming towards the model, the problem
tends to make sun glare models, could be a
model eye to constrict the solution go a bit
shady place and point the view that place the
model, color photos would be better than
previously.



 10. Distance Too Far

 This is often experienced amateur
photographers, the object is too small
cameras aimed too far, even though
the human eye kasih.objek select less
prominent eyes will look normal, so
use the optical zoom lens Aim only at
the most interesting objects.



 11. Color Calm

 White Balance normalize the color,
white balance capability unfortunately
white balance settings terbatas.Ganti
the Clouds to the image appear to be
more inda.Ketika photographed area
of the image, set the white balance to
make the sky a shade of blue.



12. Dirty Sensor

Dirt can be cleaned this way:
1.Lewat digital image programs, such as
adobe photoshop 2.Gantilah lenses if
necessary 3.Membawa place the camera to
the service maximum cleaning results


The Hrus Avoid

Avoid challenging shooting the sun. That is,
the subject is facing the image of light
sources to image the light produced. If
otherwise, the subject will appear dark,
while other areas outside the subject will be
lit. These results can be analogous to the
solar atmosphere. Indeed, photography
techniques against the light, or often called
silhouette, often selected the
photographers.


Sample Do not dare the sun


Avoid digital zoom

Many bagunan-bagunan
interesting to
photograph. Avoid
using the digital
zoom. Use optical
zoom only.
The use of digital zoom
may result in broken
images, or apparent
pikselnya boxes.


Photography with Photoshop


SMK NEGERI 2 CIKARANG BARAT

The end
magusz@eepis-its.edu


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