By Anare Matakiviti Off-grid electrification for development of small islands represents a number of unique challenges under the broad category of rural electrification. Small, off-grid island communities are particularly vulnerable to diesel price fluctuations and natural disasters, and thus, enhancing resilience through more sustainable and cheaper energy technologies should be a key priority. Financing the transition to these technologies – usually photovoltaic, micro-hydro or sometimes wind – is an essential hurdle to overcome. Once electricity systems are in place it is equally important that they are sustained in the longer term with effective arrangements for operation and maintenance, cost recovery etc. Related to this, is the productive use of the energy provided to increase islander incomes. The workshop on Bunaken Island, Sulawesi, Indonesia from 3 to 5 November 2015, organised by the Smart Villages Initiative in collaboration with Kopernik, will explore these issues and develop recommendations for policy makers, development agencies and other stakeholders in energy provision to island communities. More info: http://e4sv.org/events/off-grid-islands-electricity-workshop/

1. International Union for Conservation of Nature
Off- Grid Island Electricity
Workshop – Bunaken Island,
Indonesia
3 – 5 November 2015

2. International Union for Conservation of Nature
Energy, Ecosystems and
Sustainable Livelihoods
Initiative –
a pathway to prosperity

3. International Union for Conservation of Nature
IUCN
OUR VISION
A Just World That Values And Conserves Nature
OUR MISSION
To Influence, Encourage And Assist Societies Throughout The World
To Conserve The Integrity And Diversity Of Nature And To Ensure That
Any Use Of Natural Resources Is Equitable And Ecologically
Sustainable

4. International Union for Conservation of Nature
IUCN Niche
Economy
Environment
Society IUCN
Nexus between Conservation / Environment and Sustainable Development
IUCN

5. International Union for Conservation of Nature
Pivotal Decade – Getting
Sustainable Development right….
ENVIRO
NMENT
SOCIETY
ECONOMY
Status Quo
Economy
Society
Environment
Sustainable Development….
Greening Growth

6. International Union for Conservation of Nature
IUCN Energy Mission
ecologically
sustainable,
socially equitable
economically
efficient
Accelerate the transition to energy systems that are:

7. International Union for Conservation of Nature
Participating Countries
• Marshall Is
• Federated States of Micronesia
• Fiji
• Kiribati
• Palau
• Papua New Guinea
• Samoa
• Tonga
• Tuvalu
• Vanuatu
• Niue
• Nauru

8. International Union for Conservation of Nature
Key Result Areas
• R1 : Strengthened national policies & action plans
• R2 : Increased access to energy
• R3 : Increased share of renewables in energy mix and
energy efficiency
• R4 : Multi-country/regional support for innovative
activities
• R5 : Capacity-building and Research & Information
• R6 : Governance and equity
• R7 : Project management

9. International Union for Conservation of Nature
Republic of the Marshall Is
• there are two components:
a) Streetlights retrofitting; and
b) Solar PV streetlights

10. International Union for Conservation of Nature
RMI – Impacts

11. International Union for Conservation of Nature
Palau - Financing Energy Efficiency in
the Residential Sector
73 energy efficient homes built:
National Development Bank of Palau = 43
homes
Palau Housing Authority = 30

12. International Union for Conservation of Nature
Palau – Impacts

13. International Union for Conservation of Nature
Tuvalu
• Two components both completed:
- Solar PV grid connected system and
- Solar PV streetlights

14. International Union for Conservation of Nature
Tuvalu - Impacts

15. International Union for Conservation of Nature
Samoa
Greenhouse Gas Abatement through energy
efficiency and biofuel application in the
transport sector
Feedstock - coconut and jatropha oil
• Switched from coconut oil to jatropha oil

16. International Union for Conservation of Nature
Samoa - Impacts

17. International Union for Conservation of Nature
Tonga
• Rehabilitation of solar PV lighting systems
in Moungaone and Mango Islands
• Installation of new solar PV lighting
systems in Lofanga

18. International Union for Conservation of Nature
Tonga – Impacts

19. International Union for Conservation of Nature
Vanuatu
There are three components:
• Solar PV rehabilitation in schools and
health clinics;
• Wind resource assessment; and
• 75 KW community based hydro power
project

20. International Union for Conservation of Nature
Vanuatu – Impacts

21. International Union for Conservation of Nature
A case study
Fiji Correction Services Naboro Institutional
Biogas Plant

22. International Union for Conservation of Nature
Naboro Biogas Plant
The Problem
• About FJD$48,000 worth of LPG bought annually
• Mangrove for fuel wood = FJD$5,500/year
• Depletion of mangrove
• 700kg of pig waste + 300kg of kitchen waste discharged
into the local stream daily Ecosystem degradation and
biodiversity loss – fauna population
• Unhealthy work environment

23. International Union for Conservation of Nature
Naboro Biogas Plant
Solution
• Build a biogas
plant and bottling
facility for biogas
• Plant can
generate 40 to 50
m3 of biogas a
day - equivalent to
16-20 kg of LPG
• Bottling the
Biogas enables
the other Prisons
to benefit from the
Naboro Project
700 pigs growing to
1000
Gas Cylinders
Naboro Creek
Gas Compressor
Artificial Wetland
Biogas Plant

24. International Union for Conservation of Nature
Upskilling Requirements
Skill needs
• Design and construction
• Operation and
maintenance
• Management
• Commercial aspects
• EIA
• Linkages between biogas
plant and ecosystem
• Potential CC impacts on
biogas project
• Economic value of
ecosystems
• Knowledge products
• Communication
• Correction Services
Management
• Naboro Prison personnel
• Officers and prisoners
running the piggery and
biogas plant
Who needs upskilling

25. International Union for Conservation of Nature
Benefits
• Replacement of $ 48,000 worth of LPG annually
• Retention of $5,500 worth of mangroves annually
• Cleaner discharge into Creek = cleaner seas
• Return of creek fauna populations
• Improve livelihoods of people downstream
• Cleaner work environment with related health benefits
for piggery staff
• Estimated organic fertiliser of 100 kg a day can be
produced – back into the prison farms

26. International Union for Conservation of Nature
Lessons Learnt
• Improve access to energy services to all
• Communities engaged in management of environment and natural
resources
• Community governance systems reinforced to involve gender and
strengthen existing systems
• Capacity development
• Economic efficiency, social equity and environment sustainability critical to
any project
• Appropriate technology, policy & regulations
• Long term funding mechanisms
• Low carbon - sustainable development pathway
• Start small – doable
• Partnerships approach

27. International Union for Conservation of Nature
Thank you – Terima-kasih