Imt Presentation On Ships Life Clycle

Environmental dimension in a ship’s life cycle
Presented by:
Deepak Tiwari
Nishant Pant

What Is Product Life Cycle?
The average life period of a particular product.
How long a particular product will stay in the market.
PLC of product is divided into 4 stages:
Introduction
Growth
Maturity
Decline
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Environmental Dimensions in Ships life Cycle

PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE
Birth
Growth
Maturity
Decline and death
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LIKE EVERY OTHER PRODUCT…..
SHIPS ALSO HAVE A LIFE CYCLE
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Life cycle of a Ship…….
Can also be classified into 4 stages…
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Life Cycle of Ship
Design
Construction
Operation
Scrapping
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Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)
Used to identify, evaluate and minimize energy consumption and environmental impacts with respect to its life of the product.
Sometimes called as “cradle-to-grave ” assessment.
Provides better designs.
Makes product cost effective.
Helps provide environmentally sound products.
Provides ideas for efficient waste mgmt. systems.
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Thus LCA is…..
A systematic way of examining the environmental impacts of a product throughout its life cycle, from raw materials extraction through the processing, transport, use and finally product disposal.
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Input/output of any industrial processes.
ENERGY
Products
Industrial Processes
Environmental Impact
Financial Resources
Materials
Know-how
Manpower
Waste
Emission
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BASIC CONCEPT OF LCAAn environmental approach
After scrapping, waste material needs to be disposed off.
Special Considerations regarding
Waste prevention.
Waste minimization at source.
Reuse, recover, repair, recycle.
Incineration (burning with or without energy recovery)
Landfill
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Energy & environment of pre-production stage
Energy Sources
Transport.
Transport
Material Extraction industry
Raw Material
Engineering material
Steel and aluminum
Air pollution
Land pollution
Solid Waste
Consumers
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The main objectives of LCA are:
Minimization of energy consumption
Minimization of environmental impacts
Rationalization of material used
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Main concepts of LCA of a product:
Raw Materials
Energy
Product Life Cycle
Waste
Emission
Rationalization
Product Improvement
Minimization
Life cycle Assessment
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Inventory analysis
Identification and calculation of energy and resources used and environmental releases to air, water and land for all the processes within the system boundary.
The system boundaries includes :
Main production sequence ,
Handling and transport operations,
Production and use of fuels, generation of energy (electricity and heat, including fuel production)
Disposal of all process wastes
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Environmental impact assessment (EIA)
Environmental impact assessment (EIA) is the technical qualitative and quantitative characterization and assessment of the consequences on the environment.
The impact analysis addresses ecological and human health consequences and resource depletion.
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The main elements to be considered in an EIA
Resources
Human health
Global warming
Depletion of stratospheric ozone
Acidification
Habitat alterations and impacts on biological diversity
Risk assessment
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Improvement analysis
It is the evaluation and implementation of opportunities to reduce environmental burdens.
This could be achieved by:
The efficient use of natural and man-made materials and in a cost effective manner,
Better measurement of environmental impacts,
Minimization of consumption and management of wastes by recycling/reuse of waste as a raw material,
Using clean technologies, polluting less, cleaning up the pollution,
Using risk assessment and management.
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Cumulative energy and emission
Ship building Stage
Ship Operation Stage
Ship Scrapping Stage

LCA of ships
LCA of Ship = rational use of material + outfitting material + energy consumption + environmental impact…this is applicable in all stages of the ship design till scrapping i.e.
Design, construction.
Outfitting, operation, maintenance & repair, &
Finally in ship scrapping… …
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Environmental dimension in ship design…
Integral part of rational approach to ship design.
Also called ship design for environment (DFE).
(safety, economy, energy efficiency, environmental performance and ship disposal)
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Rational use of materials…
The main materials commonly used in the shipbuilding industry, which require rationalization, are:
steel plates and sections,
welding coils and rods,
castings,
forged parts,
timber, paintings, etc.
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The rational use of these materials should not only reduce energy consumption and the negative environmental impacts but should also have positive economic gains.
The minimization of the negative environmental impacts and wastes in ship construction could be achieved by the efficient use of ship construction materials, welding rods, paints, etc.
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Environmental impact of shipproduction
Energy used:
Direct
Indirect
The indirect energy used in the shipbuilding industry is used for the manufacture and production of the following main items:
steel plates and sections, main and auxiliary
engines, equipment, fittings, welding coils
The direct energy required for ship
construction is used for handling and
transport (raw materials, fabricated sections and blocks), fabrication processes (cutting, forming, welding), assembly of steel plates and sections.
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Environmental impacts of shipoperation
Oceans are essential parts of the global life support system. They influence the climate and provide food and other resources for our growing world population. However, oceans are under increasing environmental stress from shipping operations.
With regard to energy consumption, ships require less energy to carry a given tonnage of cargo over a given distance than all other means of transport.
The environmental impacts of ship operation should be considered for both modes of operation at sea and in ports.

Environmental Impact on ship operations.

Environmental impact of shipscrapping
Ship scrapping is becoming an important industry in several countries : -
For ship owners, the decision to scrap a ship, continuing the operation or convert to a different trade requires condition assessment and economic evaluation.
Because of the increasing costs of acquiring a new ship, some ship owners have extended the life of some of their ships by upgrading either hull, machinery or both. Extending a ship’s life is a positive attitude to protect our natural resources.
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Imt Presentation On Ships Life Clycle

by Deepak

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