O Level Unit 1 Tourism part 1

1. ELECTIVE
GEOGRAPHY
OUR CHANGING
WORLD
GLOBAL TOURISM
IS TOURISM THE WAY TO GO?

3. GATEWAY 1
HOW DOES THE NATURE OF
TOURISM VARY FROM PLACE
TO PLACE?
Visit the Geography Unit Facebook
Page, look for the fortnightly online
research assignment and prepare for the
questions.

4. WHAT IS TOURISM
Tourism is the activity or
practice of touring.
The business of providing
accommodation, services for
the purpose of touring.

5. ARE THEY TOURISTS?
• Students on an overnight Learning
Journey to Malacca.
Categorise
the
information
into a table.
Tourists VS
Non-tourists
• Students doing a week long Overseas
Immersion Program in China.
• A businessman who goes to London for a
week to meet clients and have meetings.
• A mother who brings her child back to
her ancestral village in another country
for a month-long visit?
• Students going to their own school for a
3 day camp.

6. WHO ARE TOURISTS?
Person who travel and stay in
places outside their usual
environment for more than 24
hours but not more than a
consecutive year for
leisure, business or other
purposes.
PG
5

7. HOW DO TOURIST
DESTINATIONS DIFFER?
• Scenic Beauty
• Good Facilities
• Rich Culture
• Places of Conflict
• Space Tourism
PG
5

8. SCENIC BEAUTY

9. SCENIC BEAUTY HONEYPOT TOURISM
Tourism that attracts large crowds to scenic
sites
Tend to be overcrowded during peak seasons
Tourist facilities are developed at these sites
eg: hotels, shopping centres, transport stations
More tourists are attracted to these sites as a
result, like bees to flowers (Honeypot)

10. SCENIC BEAUTY
LANDSCAPE BEAUTY
MOUNTAINS
•
Jiuzhaigou, China
•
Winter sports
•
Sahara
Desert, West
Africa
•
Mountaineering,
hiking
•
Bird and wildlife
watching
•
Himalayas, Asia
•
Rockies, North
America
•
Grand
Canyon, USA
•
Halong
Bay, Vietnam
•
Victoria
Falls, Zimbabwe &
Zambia

11. SCENIC BEAUTY
EXAMPLES YOU SHOULD KNOW
COASTAL RESORTS
WILDLIFE
•
Southeast Asia –
Bali, Phuket
•
Safaris in the
plains of Kenya
•
Mediterranean
Sea Cancun, Caribbe
an Islands
•
Great Barrier
Reef, Australia
(diving site)
•
Mexico – gulf of
mexico

12. PITSTOP 2
Turn to Pg8 of your textbook.
Let’s attempt Pitstop 2 together!

13. LET’S LOOK AT
VICTORIA FALLS

16. GOOD FACILITIES

17. GOOD FACILITIES
• MICE
• Educational facilities
• Medical and Spa facilities
• Theme Parks

18. GOOD FACILITIES MICE
•
Meetings, Incentives, Conventions &
Events
•
Venues that can host large-scale
meetings and conventions
•
Supporting infrastructure – hotels,
retail outlets, transport facilities
•
E.g Singapore (pg 8 & 9)

19. GOOD FACILITIES EDUCATIONAL
•
Include attractions that attract people
in search for study tours (Angkor Wat)
•
Travel for education purposes or to
learn something about a place
•
Intensive overseas education
programme where universities are
reputed for education excellence
•
E.g. United Kingdom (pg 10)

20. GOOD FACILITIES –
MEDICAL AND SPA
•
Travelling for medical reasons –
Medical tourism
•
To avoid long waiting periods or high
medical costs back home
•
In search of higher quality medical
care
•
Eg. South Korea – cosmetic surgery

21. GOOD FACILITIES –
MEDICAL AND SPA
•
Travelling for health reasons – Health
tourism
•
To maintain, enhance or restore their
minds and bodies
•
Include spa towns, thermal springs
and mud pools
•
Eg: Dead Sea (between Jordan and
Israel) – (pg 11)

22. GOOD FACILITIES –
THEME PARKS
•
Places with amusement park settings
or attractions with a central theme
•
Refer to extensive examples in page
13…

23. GOOD FACILITIES
EXAMPLES YOU SHOULD KNOW
MICE
Medical and Spa
•
Singapore
•
South Korea
•
Barcelona, Spain
•
•
Berlin, Germany
Budapest, Hung
ary (spa)
Educational
Theme Parks
•
United Kingdom
•
•
Melbourne, Austr
alia
Tokyo
Disneyland
•
Universal
Studios, Los
Angeles
•
Beijing, China

24. PITSTOP 3
Turn to Pg 13 of your textbook.
Using what we have covered thus far,
complete the table (Qn 6).
4 minutes

25. RICH CULTURE

26. RICH CULTURE
• Heritage Tourism
• Film-induced Tourism
• Gourmet Food and Shopping
Tourism
• Pilgrimage Tourism

27. RICH CULTURE HERITAGE
Lost city of the Incas – Machu Picchu, Peru

28. RICH CULTURE HERITAGE
•
Locations for tourists to experience
different cultures and understand their
history better
•
Promotes a country’s identity, culture
and history to international tourists
•
Eg: museums, traditional
festivals, national and historical
monuments

29. RICH CULTURE –
FILM-INDUCED
Hobbit Land, New Zealand

30. RICH CULTURE –
FILM-INDUCED
•
Locations featured in films
•
To understand how certain scenes in
the movies were filmed
•
To understand how these places
inspired the film

31. RICH CULTURE –
GOURMET & SHOPPING
•
Tourism for the purpose of enjoying
cuisines or to shop
•
Gourmet – Hong Kong
•
Shopping – street markets of London,
UK

32. RICH CULTURE PILGRIMAGE
Good Friday at Jerusalem, Israel

33. RICH CULTURE –
PILGRIMAGE
•
Travel to take part in religious
activities
•
Usually involves a journey to a sacred
or religious place
•
Major religious holidays also play a
role in drawing large crowds

34. RICH CULTURE
EXAMPLES YOU SHOULD KNOW
Heritage
Film-Induced
Pilgrimage
•
•
Mumbai, India
(Slumdog
Millionaire)
•
Vatican City
(Easter for
Catholics)
•
New Zealand
(Lord of the
Rings)
•
Mecca in Saudi
Arabia (Hajj for
Muslims)
•
Zhangjiajie
National Forest
Park, China
(Avatar)
•
Varanasi, India
(Ganga Festival
for Hindus)
Beijing, China
(Forbidden
City, Great wall
of China)
•
Athens, Greece
(Acropolis)
•
Machu
Picchu, Peru

35. CONFLICT
DRC
Syria
N Korea

36. PLACES OF CONFLICT
– DARK TOURISM
HIROSHIMA

37. DARK TOURISM
•
Travel to places associated with death
and tragedy
•
Wars, battles, man-made tragedies
•
Tourists include survivors, relatives and
friends of those affected, people
interested to know more about the
events
•
Eg: battlefields, museums, memorials,
fortifications

38. SPACE TOURISM
To infinity and beyond???

39. SPACE TOURISM
•
Travel beyond the earth’s atmosphere
into space
•
Suborbital flights can last less than a
day
•
Russian Space Agency - trips to
International Space Station
•
Costly – US$20 to US$35 million
•
Trips last between 8 to 15 days

40. HOW CAN SINGAPORE COMPETE ?

41. HOW CAN SINGAPORE COMPETE ?
•
Make a list of Singapore’s tourist attractions
•
Classify which type of attractions they each
belong to
Scenic Beauty?
Rich Culture?
•
Dark Tourism?
Good Facilities?
MICE
•
Heritage
•
Educational
•
Film-induced
•
Health and
Spa
•
Gourmet &
Shopping
•
Theme Parks
•
Pilgrimage

42. FACTORS AFFECTING NATURE OF TOURISM
• Physical Factors
• Type of landscape
• Weather and Climate
• Human Factors
• Marketing
• Infrastructure
• Costs
• Different groups of people promoting tourism
•
•
•
•
Government
Media
International Organisations
Travel writers

43. ROLES OF DIFFERENT GROUPS
IN PROMOTING TOURISM
• Government
• Media
• International Organisations
• Org for Economic Co-operation &
Development
• UNWTO
• Travel Writers

44. GOVERNMENT
• The government is directly involved in the
planning, funding and building infrastructure
projects linked to tourism
• Eg: airports, roads
• Ensure safety and security of tourist sites
• Set up agencies tasked to devise strategies
to promote tourism
• Eg: Singapore Tourism Board

45. MEDIA
• Includes television, radio, newspapers and
the Internet
• Positive reports can encourage more
tourists, eg good shopping opportunities
• Negative reports can deter visitors, eg
occurrence of natural disasters
• Increases awareness of tourist destinations

46. INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS
• An international group of different countries that
work together for a common purpose
• Reports produced by such organisations can
encourage or discourage tourists in visiting a
place
• Organisation for Economic Co-operation and
Development (OECD) Tourism Committee
• UNWTO
• Eg: Health updates and travel advisories
provided by World Health Organisation (WHO)
during the avian influenza would discourage
visitors from visiting at-risk countries

47. TRAVEL WRITERS
• Articles and reviews of travel writers appear
in guidebooks, travelogues, magazines and
Internet reviews
• Includes suggested itineries, advice on the
cheapest accommodation, best gourmet
cuisine, the ‘dos and don’ts’ of tourist
behaviour and etc
• Source of inspiration to readers
• Increases awareness of tourist destinations