2. New England
• Most Chesapeake settlers were poor
and short lived indentured servants,
new England attracted primarily
“middling sorts” who preserved their
freedom because they could pay their
own way across the Atlantic.
• Most New England lived in a more
demanding faith than the Anglicanism
practiced by the Chesapeake.
• Puritans meant to purify the protestant
faith in England if possible, in new
England of necessary.
• New England farmers utilized their own
family to labor and build their especially
demanding farms. Family kept New
England more egalitarian in the
distribution of property and power
rather than the richer Chesapeake elite
planters exploited labor of servants and
slaves.
3. Puritans
• Without any authority to enforce orthodoxy many
radical puritans became separatists and formed
independent congregations.
• The numerous autonomous separatist congregations
split in their beliefs and practices forming many distinct
sects.
• Puritans were incorrigible doers, seeking out the
preached word, reading scriptures, perfecting their
morality,
and proposing radical schemes
for improving society and
disciplining the unruly and indolent.
4. Power in the people
• Local majorities influenced the
disgruntled minority factions to
search out new locations where
they hoped to enforce their own
rules and obtain better lands.
• Despite new England not being
the wealthiest English colonial
region, it was the healthiest, most
populous, and most egalitarian in
distributing of property.
• New England's diversified farms
were safer from disruption by the
boom and bust price cycle than
southern plantations specializing
in a staple crop for external
market.
• New England magistrates and
church congregations routinely
protected women(sometimes
men) from insult and abuse. This
was much different than in
England and the Chesapeake.
5. • The development of the fishing trade
rescued puritans region economy, but they
had to deal with the defiant folk they
New England
•
meant to leave behind in England.
Orthodox New England culture and society Best Colony
evolved the 17th into the 18th century,
carrying its core principles till the end,
especially the commitment to a moral,
educated, commercial, and homogeneous
population.
• New England was a land of relative
equality, broad yet moderate opportunity,
and thrifty, industrious and entrepreneurial
habits that sustained an especially variable
and intricate economy. The region
sustained large healthy families, well
balanced gender ratio and long life,
promoted social stability and the steady
accumulation of family property and its
transfer from one generation to the next.
Nowhere else in colonial America did
colonists enjoy readier access to public
worship and quite universal education.
• The puritans refused to take comfort in
their accomplishments thus reflecting how
thoroughly puritan they remained.
6. Carolina
• Carolina mostly attracted farmers
and artisans of modest means, drawn
from both the Chesapeake and west
indies. At least a third of the early
Carolinians began as indentured
servants, from either Barbados or
England.
• A study of long lived early settlers
reveals that the average Carolina
freedman (servants who eventually
gained independence of their own
land)accumulated more than 350
acres of land before death
• In 1724 a clergyman explained that
Carolinas sought “to make Indians &
Negros a checque upon each other,
lest by their vastly superior numbers
we could be crushed by one or the
other.”
7. Destroying Indians
• To pay for weapons, that they could neither
make nor repair, native clients raided other
Indians for captives to sell as slaves-or they
tracked and returned runaway Africans. The
natives could not know that being drawn
into the slave trade would destroy them all.
• Carolinians justified enslavement as
beneficial for Indians, instead of execution
of the captives they were exposed to
Christian civilization among English
purchasers.
• The gun and slave trade had been more
successful than Spanish missions as
instruments of colonial power.
8. Native Catastrophe
• Coming to regret dangerous alliance
with Carolina, native Americans united
with great success. Killing more than
four hundred colonists and driving
hundreds of refugees into Charles town
during the spring and summer.
• The European intrusion into north
America effected the Carolina Indians
quite negatively, their numbers
dwindled from the catastrophic
combination of disease epidemics, rum
consumption and slave raiding. Once
guns and gunpowder natives owned
began to grow scarce, rebels lost
momentum.
9. Rice and Indigo
• While producing the appearance of white equality in a shared
hegemony over black slaves, the plantation system increased the
real inequalities of wealth and power between white men.
• After great planters helped themselves to large tracts in the
lowlands for rice and indigo plantations, Their success dependent
on forced labor of others, there was still much land in the piedmont
for most common whites with substantial farms.
