1. Introduction Approaches for CBA in Pastoral communities 5th International Conference on Community Based Adaptation to Climate Change, Dhaka Bangladesh. March 2011 Presented by: Lucy WARUINGI Authors: Lucy Waruingi, David Western, Jeff Worden, John Kamanga, Godfrey Masinde African Conservation Centre, Nairobi. KENYA

2. The South Rift

3. Principle of Co-existence We do not inherit the land from our ancestors, we borrow it from our children - Maasai Proverb

5. Pastoral livelihoods - Diversification

6. Local institutions - GovernanceFrom Pilot to Practice

7. Pastoral livelihoods Semi-arid savannah landscape with a livestock driven economy in low rainfall zone (<250mm p.a.) Mobility - The Maasai move their livestock through seasonal migrations and habitat selection. Coexistence with wildlife – Maasai traditionally viewed wildlife as their second cattle

8. Vulnerability of Rangelands Environmental Drivers The modern challenges of: Sedenterization Fragmented landscapes Reduced mobility Grazing pressure. Landuse Climate Change Land Use Climate Change Human Population

9. Building Adaptive Capacity Rangeland Resilience Pastoral Livelihoods Local Institutions

11. Reafforestation

12. Resource use planning

13. Improved cattle breeds

15. Bio-enterprises: bee keeping, aloe plantations

16. Energy saving stove (one-kuni)This has resulted inincreased biodiversity, enhanced the value of ecosystem services and diversified incomes of pastoral communities

17. Building Adaptive Capacity Local Institutions To build ownership and sustainability of programs To ensure equitable sharing of resources For accountability and transparency For engaging with stakeholders and partners -- SORALO – South Rift Association of LandOwners and their local leadership who oversee the developments in communally owned group ranches and an action-by-doing approach -- Local government

18. Local Institutions Community Resource Centres- Integrated learning Formation of Community Learning networks – knowledge exchange, data/information storage and exchange Community Resource Assessors – the resource owners are the investigators Community based Science – what information does the community want

19. Moving Forward....

20. From PILOT to PRACTICE Geographic scale –to create adequate grass banks, improved breeds to support the livestock base Governance -- Form the communities into co-operatives (scaling up from associations),to ensure that proper benefit sharing mechanisms are established and extension services Knowledge – two way process to enable integration of scientific and local true-tested knowledge and practice Market access – link up with established outlets for uptakeof tourism, livestock and bio-enterprise products developed Practice to Policy – engaging local govt and central govt Resilience of land enhanced adaptive capacity of pastoral livelihoods

21. THANK YOU