1. Ms.Amina Juma
10TH March 2014
Beyond Philanthropy: Community
Nature Based Enterprises as a Basis
for Wildlife Conservation
By: Kodia Maxwell Azali
I114/0614/2010
Lecturer:

2. Introduction
 70% of Kenya’s wildlife found outside protected areas-
human wildlife conflict
 Protected areas cannot sustain wildlife populations;
wildlife is considered a burden on community lands
 Holds potential for wealth creation, economic growth and
employment opportunities
 KWS Community Enterprise Department (2009)
 Shift from philanthropic donations to supporting
profitable NBET

3. Land
 Land outside parks important dispersal, habitat
connectivity
 Land use decisions in lands outside protected areas is
essential in preserving their ecological integrity.
 Inadequate incentives to motivate landowners and
communities to adopt land uses compatible with wildlife
management.
 Incentives in sectoral policies distorting land use.
 Community participation -voluntary land easements

4. Key Issues
 Community involvement can resolve user rights, human
wildlife conflict, insecurity, encroachment on wildlife
habitat and representation in wildlife mgt and governance
 Lack of implementation of a land use policy- increased
competition
 Fencing- migration, reduced area available for wildlife.
 Biggest challenge: persuading communities to protect
wildlife when it deprives them of their livelihood

5. KWS Interventions
 Translocation, zoning, fencing, elimination of problem animal,
maintenance of wildlife dispersal areas and migration corridors
 Mapping out high conflict areas e.g Laikipia, Mpeketoni,Tsavo,
Maasai Mara and deployment of elite rapid response team.
 MIST program- rangers equipped with knowledge and skills to
tackle human wildlife conflict
 KWS Community Enterprise Department established to
streamline community involvement in NBET

6. KWS Interventions cont...
 Charitable approach doesn’t adequately adress
community involvement and accountability
 Dependency syndrome and an obstacle to community
regeneration
 CED provides technical assistance and capacity building of
economically viable community NBET
 Organized exposure or educational tours for
communities to areas where wildlife benefits are evident

7. KWS Interventions cont...
 Corporate social citizenship policy- assist communities to
benefit from wildlife conservation
 Achieved through public education on wildlife matters,
provision of clean H2O and health facilities

8. Conclusion
 KWS’s Institutionalization of a structure to support
NBET key in managing human-wildlife relations and
sustainable livelihoods for communities.
 Shift of communities from passive recipients of corporate
donations to active participation
 Wildlife will be appreciated as an avenue for wealth
creation and poverty alleviation on community lands.