Cell-Tissue-Organ-System describes the hierarchical organization of the human body. Cells specialize through cellular division to form tissues like muscle, nerve, and epithelial tissues. Tissues combine to form organs like the heart, brain, and lungs. Systems are sets of organs that work together to carry out key functions, such as the digestive system, circulatory system, and nervous system. This organization allows the human body to carry out vital activities through specialized and interconnected cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems.

2. Cell-Tissue-Organ-System
• Cells in multicelullar organisms are grouped
together to form more complex structures.
– Tissue: a set of the same type of cells from the
same origin.
– Organ: a set of tissues that come together to
perfom a specific function
– System: a set of organs, each formed by different
tissues, which take part in one or various functions.

3. Specialized cells
• Cells divide by cellular division in a multicellular organism.
One daughter cell specializes and the other maintains the
capability of dividing, assuring cellular renovation and the
growth of the organism. Most specialized cells lose the ability
of dividing.
• It does a specific job
• It develops a special shape
• Changes take place in its
cytoplasm. E.i. muscle cells
(mitochondria)
Specialized
cell

4. Highly specialized cell: sperm cell
How do the characteristics
of this cell help it do its
function?
ACTIVITY

5. Tissues
• Tissues perform specific functions because their cells are
specialized to carry out certain processes.
Different tissues
for different
functions
Movement
Communication
Protection
Secretion
Connection
Support
Reserves

6. Movement: muscle tissue
 Muscle tissue
 Skeletal : muscles
 Cardiac: heart
 Smooth: Involuntary
contractions (stomach)

7. Striated muscular tissue
Skeletal
• Voluntary contractions
• Makes up the muscles that
together with the bone produces
movement.

8. Heart
• Involuntary contractions
• Makes up the muscle of the
heart walls.
Striated muscular tissue

9. Smooth muscle tissue
• Involuntary contractions
• Makes up the wall of many
organs.

10. Communication: nerve tissue
• Coordinates the function of all the organs
• The specialized cell is a neuron.

11. Connection: Connective tissues
Loose connective tissue: It’s
the fill-in tissue. It takes up
the spaces between organs
and other tissues.
Bone tissue: basic component
of adult bones. It is the
strongest type of connective
tissue because it contains a
mineral called calcium

12. Adipose tissue: accumulates fat in the cells and
contains a small amount of fibers.
Cartilage tissue: main component of embryonic
skeleton. In adults there is cartilage in joints, the
traquea, the nose and ears and between discs in
the spinal column.
Connection: Connective tissues

13. Protection: Epithelial tissue
• Covers and protects our body as well as our internal
cavities.

14. Tissues make Organs

15. Organs make Systems

16. Systems
The different systems are responsible for carrying out the 3 vital functions of living
organisms.
NUTRITION REPRODUCTION REACTION
Digestive System
Respiratory System
Circulatory System
Excretory System
Reproductive System Sensory Organs
Nervous System
Endocrine System
Muscular and Skeletal