Organic farming presentation of Lily Tabafunda at the COTIFA workshop held on Aug.25, 2012.

1. ORGANIC AGRICULTURE
A Growing Market

2. GLOBAL ORGANIC MARKET
Organic farming caters to a huge global market
Organic Product Global Sales: $59.1B in 2010
2009-2010 Growth: 9.2%
Demand for organic products outstrips supply
Premium for organic products: 20-50%
Products with growing demand:
-fresh/dried tropical fruits, vegetables, grains, nuts,
wines, juices, snacks, prepared foods
Biggest Market: U.S. $26.7B in 2010
Highest per capita spending:
-Denmark: US$113.59, Switzerland: US$95.32
Markets projected to show rapid growth rate:
-Japan and Singapore

3. WHAT IS ORGANIC
AGRICULTURE?
 A production system that sustain the health of the soils,
ecosystem and people
 An ecological production management system that
promotes and enhances biodiversity, biological cycles and
soil biological activity
 Based on minimal use of off-farm inputs and on
management practices that restore, maintain and enhance
“ecological harmony”

4. WHAT IS ORGANIC
FARMING?
 Organic farming - can be understood as an Agriculture
method that doesn’t make use of chemical fertilizers and
pesticide
 Organic farming thrives on the benefits obtained from
recycling and use of natural products. Green manure,
biological pest control methods and special cultivation
techniques are employed to maintain soil productivity

5. ORGANIC DEFINITION
Organic farming takes into account the following:
 Minimum reliance on artificial inputs
 Feeding of the soil and not the plant
 Food safety practices (GMP, HACCP,
non-use of hazardous chemicals from
farm, to distribution, to marketing)
 Certification of the entire
production/distribution chain, and not
the end product
 Non-use of artificial growth enhancers
(in livestock)
 Non-use of genetically-modified
organisms (GMO's)

6. METHODS IN ORGANIC
FARMING
A. SOIL MANAGEMENT
 Getting nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium,
micronutrients
 Crop rotation and green manure
 Intercropping
 Soil organisms
B. WEED MANAGEMENT
To enhance crop competition and phytotoxic effects on
weeds
 Rotation of annual crops
 Selection of competitive crop varieties

7. METHODS IN ORGANIC
FARMING
• Mechanical and physical weed control
practices can be grouped as:
a) Tillage
b) Cultivation
c) Mowing and cutting
d) Flame weeding & thermal weeding
e) Mulching
C. CONTROLLING OTHER ORGANISMS
Integrated pest management
- crop rotation& nutrient management
- sanitation to remove pest habitat
- provision of habitat for beneficial organisms

8. CONTROLLING OTHER
ORGANISMS
- selection of pest-resistant crops and animals
- crop protection using physical barriers
- crop diversification through companion planting or
establishment of polycultures
D. GENETIC MODIFICATION
- genetically modified organism
E. STANDARDS
- organic certification
F. COMPOSTING
- thermophilic composting

9. GOOD THINGS ABOUT
ORGANIC FARMING
Consumer Benefits: Grower Benefits:
• Nutrition  Higher Premium
• Health Reasons  Disease and pest
• Poison-free resistance
 Weed competitiveness
• Food tastes better
 Lower input costs
• Food keeps longer
 Drought resistance
 Added value

10. ADVANTAGES OF ORGANIC
FARMING
1. Discourages environmental exposure to
pesticides and chemicals
2. Builds healthy soil
3. Helps combat erosion
4. Fights the effects of global warming
5. Supports water conservation and water health
6. Discourages algae blooms
7. Supports animal health and welfare
8. Encourages biodiversity

11. STRUCTURE OF NATURAL
SYSTEM

12. ORGANIC FERTILIZER
Naturally occurring fertilizers which include
manure, slurry, worm casting, seaweeds, and
guano. Other examples are natural enzyme-
digested proteins, fish meal and feather meal.
Decomposing crop residue (green manure) from
priors is another source of fertility.

13. USING BIO-ORGANIC FERTILIZER
IN ORGANIC FARMING
BIO-ORGANIC FERTILIZER
 food is the fundamental need of human beings
 farm producers require fertilizer to cultivate their crops
 application or supply of chemical fertilizer is slowly
controlled and restricted by the relevant authorities of
most countries
 Bio-organic fertilizer is healthy for plants as well as for
humans
 Demands of organic fertilizer are increasing:
- fertilizers are one of the main inputs in agriculture
- advantages of organic over chemical
fertilizers and large worldwide marketplaces for
organic fertilizer.

14. ORGANIC DEFINITION
IN THE U.S.
Agriculture products labeled as “100% Organic” or
“Organic”
100% Organic: must contain (excluding water and salt)
only organically produced ingredients and processing aids
Organic: must consist of at least 95 percent organically
produced ingredients (excluding water and salt)
Products with these claims cannot be produced using
excluded methods, sewage sludge, or ionizing radiation
USDA Organic Seal: Yes

15. ORGANIC DEFINITION
IN THE U.S.
Processed products labeled “Made with Organic
Ingredients”
Must contain at least 70% organic ingredients
Products cannot be produced using excluded methods,
sewage sludge, or ionizing radiation
USDA Organic Seal: No
There are no restrictions on the use of other truthful labeling
claims such as “no drugs or growth hormones used,” “free
range,” “natural,” or “sustainably harvested.

16. RESOURCES: U.S.
http://www.ams.usda.gov
http://www.usda.gov
http://www.agcensus.usda.gov
http://www.agmrc.org
www.ota.com

17. PHILIPPINE SITUATION
 Total agricultural land: 11,280,000 hectares
 Few organic farms
 Organic exports:
 muscovado sugar (Germany, Japan)
 Fresh banana (Japan)
 Banana chips (US, Europe)
 Coconut oil and chips (US, Europe)
 Certification: Organic exports certifiers:
 IMO (SL)
 Naturland (Germany)
 Ecocert (France)
 OneCert; Global Alliance Inc. (US)

18. PHILIPPINE ADVANTAGES
 Relatively low labor cost
 Proximity to major markets
 Year-round tropical climate makes organic
agriculture suitable
 Rich biodiversity
 Trainable workforce (farmers, farm technicians,
agriculture extension workers, processors)
 Can be good investment to convert into organic
since premium price of 20-30% higher than
conventional products

19. COST COMPARISON
Organic Conventional
Labor – employment 20 seasonal laborers 10 seasonal laborers
generation in organic per hectare per per hectare per
agriculture highly cropping season cropping season
labor intensive
Farm Inputs (seeds, Php 8 to 12T per Php 12 to 15T per
chemical fertilizers, hectare hectare
pesticides)
Net Income of Diverse and Almost negative net
Farmers sustainable sources of income due to loans
income and interest and high
cost of farm inputs

20. RESOURCES:
PHILIPPINES
http://car.da.gov.ph/
http://www.da.gov.ph
http://ati.da.gov.ph/
http://www.eco-philippines.com/

21. CONTACT ME
Thank You!
LILY TABAFUNDA
213-249-6585
Agri-Business Research
& Development Foundation