Silverman powerpoint assignment
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Pregnancy and Folic Acid
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Silverman powerpoint assignment
- 1. Folic Acid and Neural Tube Defects (NTD) By: Sarah Silverman
- 2. Conclusion Prevention Monitoring Folic Acid and Pregnancy Requirements Research Risk Folic Acid vs. Folate 2 Types Natural foods Fortified foods Preview of the Presentation
- 3. Folic Acid & Folate Folic Acid: water soluble B vitamin in supplements and fortified foods Folate: occurs naturally in many foods Image taken from: http://www.bostonutd-mad.co.uk/is-folate- important-for-your-sex-life/
- 4. image taken from : http://www.gofolic.org/wh ats-the-folic/folate-your- diet/ Some countries require grain and cereal products to be fortified with folic acid Fortifying foods with Folic Acid
- 5. Folic Acid and Pregnancy Image taken from: https://www.google.com/search?q=folic+acid+and+pregnancy&espv=2&biw=1012& bih=469&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=1ffrVLnwNcflsASO0IKgCA&ved=0CAg Q_AUoAw#imgdii=_&imgrc=JifC5ap5F_5YRM%253A%3BfCVSZ6eCfCX05M%3Bht tp%253A%252F%252Fwww.knowabouthealth.com%252Fwp- content%252Fuploads%252F2010%252F12%252Fspot-pic-birth- defects.jpg%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.knowabouthealth.com%252Fwant- smarter-kids-take-iron-folic-acid-during- pregnancy%252F7270%252F%3B438%3B245 Folic Acid deficiencies during pregnancy can result in neural tube defects which can have horrible effects on babies
- 6. Folate Requirements Image taken from: http://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Folate-HealthProfessional/
- 7. Research Image taken from pdf file: Heseker, H. (2011). Folic acid and other potential measures in the prevention of neural tube defects. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, 59(1), 41.
- 8. Info taken from : Scholl, T. O., Hediger, M. L., Schall, J. I., Khoo, C. S., & Fischer, R. L. (1996). Dietary and serum folate: their influence on the outcome of pregnancy. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 63(4), 520-525. 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 <240 mcg/d 241-400 mcg/d 401-800+ mcg/d A O R s f o r p r e t e r m d e l i v e r y Total Folate Intake (micrograms/day) Adjusted Odds Ratio (AORs) for preterm delivery and total folate intake AOR Adjusted Odds Ratio (AORs) for preterm delivery and total folate intake AOR
- 9. Conclusion Folic Acid can prevent: Spina bifida (spine does not form) Anencephaly (brain and skull do not form) Preterm delivery Low birth weight Miscarriage more
- 10. Works Cited Laurence, K. M., James, N., Miller, M. H., Tennant, G. B., & Campbell, H. (1981). Double-blind randomised controlled trial of folate treatment before conception to prevent recurrence of neural-tube defects. BMJ, 282(6275), 1509- 1511. Scholl, T. O., Hediger, M. L., Schall, J. I., Khoo, C. S., & Fischer, R. L. (1996). Dietary and serum folate: their influence on the outcome of pregnancy. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 63(4), 520-525. Heseker, H. (2011). Folic acid and other potential measures in the prevention of neural tube defects. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, 59(1), 41.
Editor's Notes
- My presentation is about the relationship between Folic Acid and Neural Tube defects and how exactly they are related to each other.
- In this presentation, we will be covering the main topic of why folic acid is so important during pregnancy. We will start with identifying folic acid and where you can find it. Then move on to how folic acid is related to pregnancy and why it is so important to be taking supplements during pregnancy. And finally, we will conclude with more things folic acid can prevent and make sure everyone understands why folic acid is so important to the health not just of a baby, but to the health of everyone.
- “Folic Acid” is a water soluble B vitamin that is essential for humans to live. “Folic Acid” is the term used to describe the vitamin in supplements and fortified foods. “Folate” is the term used do describe the vitamin that occurs naturally in many of the foods we consume on a daily basis. You can find folate naturally in many foods, especially dark green leafy vegetables such as spinach, asparagus, and brussel sprouts. Folate can also be found in smaller amounts in eggs, meat, poultry, dairy products, fruits, nuts, beans, etc. (Scholl, 1996).
- However, trying to reach the recommended daily intake of folate from diet alone is tough. This is why many countries including the U.S. have laws on mandatory and voluntary folic acid fortification. The most common fortification is of grain products like breads, flour, and cornmeal or cereal products. As you can see, many cereals are fortified with folic acid.
- One of the main reasons for the requirement of folic acid fortification is to prevent neural tube defects and other pregnancy complications. “Neural tube defects (NTD) are common congenital malformations leading to severe disabilities or even death” (Heseker, 2011). Folate deficiencies during pregnancy can have severe negative effects on the baby. In one of the most common neural tube defects, Spina Bifida, the baby’s spinal cord does not develop properly and the baby is in a wheelchair their whole life.
- As you can see from the graph, adolescent males and females between the ages of 14 to over 19 years require the highest amount of folate according the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) set by the Food and Nutrition Board. Pregnant females require an extra 200 micrograms of folate to prevent birth defects in their children. And lactating women require an extra 100 micrograms to prevent birth defects.
- Governments would not make it a requirement to fortify foods with folate if there was not substantial evidence behind it proving that Folate really is an essential vitamin and it really does increase the risk of birth defects. In the picture above, you can see that after either adding +400(+800) micrograms of folate to diets, after folic acid fortification of foods, after suggestion of folate multivitamin, and even after just the recommendation of folate use, birth defects have declined drastically in many countries.
- As you can see from the table above, the more micrograms per day of folate a female consumes, the lower the odds are for her to have a preterm birth delivery. Folic acid can prevent much more than just preterm birth delivery though.
- Many birth defects can be prevented if folic acid is supplemented during pregnancy. These include spina bifida, anencephaly, preterm delivery, low birth weight, miscarriage, and many more. So everyone, especially pregnant or lactating women need to make sure they are meeting their daily requirements for folate. Even you are not pregnant, folate is still an essential vitamin and we need it to survive. So everyone eat their dark green leafy vegetables and stay healthy!