This document contains a bio-data and project proposal for a device called "Railway Level Crossing Accidents Preventer" submitted by S.Sahaya Justus Antony. The proposal includes an abstract describing the objective to create a fully automated railway crossing. It also includes sections on the introduction, block description, list of figures, and conclusion. The introduction describes how sensors would detect an approaching train and stop vehicles from crossing, then allow vehicles to pass after the train clears. The block description outlines the main components including a microcontroller, RF transmitter, RF receiver, and power supply.
2. BIO-DATA
1. NAME
2. AGE & DATE OF BIRTH
3. CLASS
4. COLLEGE ADDRESS
5. PRESENT ADDRESS
6. CONTACT NUMBER
7. E-mail ID
: S.SAHAYA JUSTUS ANTONY
: 19(02.05.1995)
: IInd Year Mechanical
: Cape Institute of Technology,
Levengipuram, Kanyakumary District,
Tamilnadu,India.
: S/o. M.SAHAYADHAS,
Old No: 6.206, New No: 9,
Tsunami Colony, Manakudy,
Kanyakumary District,
Tamilnadu, India, Pin: 629 602.
: 7639837638
: justony2020@gmail.com
3. DECLARATION
I declare that this project titled “RAILWAY LEVEL
CROSSING ACCIDENTS PREVENTER” is an original
work piece of my own imagination and innovation.
S.SAHAYA JUSTUS ANTONY
5. ABSTRACT
Railway Level Crossing Accidents Preventer is an exiting research in
the railway department which provides safety and prevents the accidents in
the nation.
The main objective of this project is to fabricate a fully automated manned
& unmanned railway crossing. In this project, the sensor checks the train
before reaching the level crossing from a particular distance depending on
the capacity of the sensor and gives a command to the receiver units.
When a train approaches the level crossing an alarm sound is produced
and the RED light displayed. At that time our device fixed vehicles that is
nearing the level crossing will receive the message and will be stopped.
Similarly after the train crosses the level crossing, the sensor senses the
train has crossed the level crossing, and gives a command to the receiver
units. Now the alarm stops and the GREEN light glows and the signal allows
the vehicles to moves on.
6. INTRODUCTION
This project is used to Control the Vehicles on the Manned &
Unmanned Railway crossing area. RF concept is used in this project. PIC
Microcontroller is used to detect the signal when the train is near the
railway crossing at that time our device fixed vehicles will be stopped.
The IR Sensor is used in the area of the Railway Track. The signals
always pass through the other IR Sensors fitted in the vehicle. If the train
comes near our sensors, The Transmitter detects the Signals and sends the
data to the receiver module fitted in the vehicle. At the same time the Red
signal is displayed (ie ON) in the traffic signal pole. The Green signal (ie
OFF) is dormant and alarm sound produced and then the counter will be
ON.
7. When the Receiver module fixed in the vehicle receives the transmitter
data, the approaching vehicle stops quickly. In the mean time the train
crosses the other IR Sensors. The Transmitter detects the signals and sends
the data to the receiver module of the vehicle. At the same time the GREEN
light glows and signals the approaching vehicle to cross the railway track.
The RED signal light goes to OFF position. The receiver module receives the
transmitter data and the vehicle safely passes through the railway track.
8. BLOCK DESCRIPTION
The embedded based Automatic Signal Detector System using serial
communication has various blocks in it. The following are the various units
in it.
1. Power Supply.
2. Microcontroller unit.
3. RF transmitter Unit.
4. RF receiver unit.
1. Power Supply:
The input to the power supply unit is AC 230v, 50Hz. The rectifier in
the circuit converts the AC into DC and the regulator IC 7805 is used to
generate 5 volt to the remaining units.
9. 2. Microcontroller:
The controller is the heart of the system. This project has two controllers,
one at RF transmitter side and other at RF receiver side. It controls all the
operations of the various blocks. It is an 8 bit controller, which process only
8 bit at a time. All the blocks are interfaced with the controller through its
ports. The input signal is processed by the controller in the transmitter side
and displays the output on the LED display connected in RF receiver side.
The controller reads the signal from the voice chip and processes it.
3. RF Transmitter Unit:
The operating frequency of the RF transmitter is 433.92 MHz. the baud
rate of the RF transmitter is 4800bps. The RF is based on SAW architecture
with minimum range of 100 feet. No external component is required. It has
good signal to noise ratio with low power consumption.
10. The data will be transmitted by the RF transmitter to the RF receiver
unit. The RF transmitter is connected to the transmitter (Tx) of the
controller.
4. RF Receiver Unit:
The RF receiver unit works with frequency of 433 MHz. the baud
rate of the circuit is 4800bps. The same SAW architecture is used in the
receiver module. It is connected to the receiver (Rx) pin of the controller.
The received parameters are processed by the controller and it displays
the parameters on the display unit.
16. CONCLUSION
As we are in a new era of scientific and metallic world, we are
constrained to develop new railway rules and traffic norms. This equipment
can be utilized in our railway department to prevent 75% of accidents. Its
cost is very low. This new equipment would certainly help in the
development of Indian Railways.
17. LIST OF SIGNIFICANT COLLISIONS
Level crossings present a significant risk of collisions between trains and road
vehicles. This list is not a definitive list of the world's worst accidents.
Accident
Langenweddingen level crossing disaster
Nagpur level crossing disaster
Deaths
94
55
Country
Germany
India
Year
1967
2005
Marhanets train and bus collision
45
Ukraine
2010
Polgahawela level crossing accident
35
Sri Lanka
2005
Lake Balaton level crossing disaster, Siófok
33
Hungary
2003
Xirivella level crossing accident, Valencia
27
Spain
1980
Dorion level crossing accident
19
Canada
1966
2009 Slovak coach and train collision
12
Slovakia
2009
Bourbonnais train accident
11
United States
1999
Hixon rail crash
Glendale train crash
Kerang rail accident
Lockington rail crash
Gerogery level crossing accident
11
11
11
9
5
United Kingdom
United States
Australia
United Kingdom
Australia
1968
2005
2007
1986
2001
Fox River Grove level crossing accident
7
United States
1995
Ufton Nervet rail crash
7
United Kingdom
2004
