The document discusses the history and development of HTML5 and JavaScript performance. It covers how: 1) JavaScript performance improvements through just-in-time compilers and other optimizations led to a 100x increase in speed over time, enabling complex web applications. 2) The introduction of asm.js allowed native C/C++ code to be compiled to highly optimized JavaScript, closing the performance gap with native apps. 3) Recent efforts are bringing parallelism to web runtimes and the SIMD.js API in order to better utilize multi-core processors and continue improving JavaScript performance.

1. The Web Leaps Forward
Mohammad Reza Haghighat
Senior Principal Engineer, Intel Corporation
October 21, 2015

2. Agenda
• What’s really new with HTML5?
• A bit of history
• HTML5 vs. native: ongoing efforts and remaining gaps
• Toward the Perceptual Web
• Exciting new developments
2

3. HTML5 Demos
• Canvas
• Video
• WebWorkers
• Device Orientation
• WebRTC
Demo references:
• Paul Rouget: http://people.mozilla.com/~prouget/demos/DynamicContentInjection/play.xhtml
• Oliver Hunt: http://nerget.com/rayjs-mt/rayjs.html
• Shawn Christmann: http://www.chromeexperiments.com/detail/destructive-video/
• Mr. doob: http://www.chromeexperiments.com/detail/ball-pool/
• Soundstep.com: http://www.soundstep.com/blog/experiments/jsdetection/
• WebRTCGoogleCode: http://webrtc.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/samples/js/demos/html/
• Big Buck Bunny: http://www.bigbuckbunny.org/
• Visage Technologies: http://www.visagetechnologies.com/html5/
3

4. HTML5 – The New Lingua Franca?
Native code
PC spiral
1991
APPS
.exe
2001
WEB
HTML, Flash*
Web – “Write once, run
on any browser”
2009
APPS
iOS*, Android*, Windows*
App Stores
Walled Gardens
2015
WEB
HTML5
“Write Once, Run
Everywhere”
“New open standards created in the mobile era, such as
HTML5, will win on mobile devices.” – Steve Jobs
“If you want to do something that is universal, no
question, world is going HTML5.” – Steve Ballmer
“It looks to me like HTML5 will eventually become a way almost all
applications are built, including those on new phones.” – Eric Schmidt
4

5. Web: The Ubiquitous Software Platform
and the Application Model of the Future
Big Data
Rich Capabilities
& Content
Social
Contextual
Crowdsourced
Sensors
“Things”
Note: Some of the images are not owned by Intel and are the property of their owners. 5

6. Agenda
• What’s really new with HTML5?
• A bit of history
• HTML5 vs. native: ongoing efforts and remaining gaps
• Toward the Perceptual Web
• Exciting new developments
6

7. † https://www.jwz.org/blog/2010/10/every-day-i-learn-something-new-and-stupid/
… and Brendan Eich created JavaScript* in 10 days
‘JS had to "look like Java" only less so,
be Java's dumb kid brother or boy-
hostage sidekick. Plus, I had to be done
in ten days or something worse than JS
would have happened.’†
7

8. † www.usenix.org/event/webapps10/tech/slides/deboor.pdf
Browser-based Apps Grew Fast
Adam de Boor, Google*
Gmail: Past, Present, and Future†
0
9,400 22,000
52,000
90,000
190,000
279,000
443,000
0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
350,000
400,000
450,000
500,000
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
LinesofJavaScript*Code
Gmail* 50x larger in 6 years
Efficient execution of JavaScript became a necessity for the Web
8

9. JavaScript* Performance Needed to Improve
Dramatic JavaScript performance improvements due to competitive spiral
9
1
10
100
1000
2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011
SunSpider Runs Per Minute †
IE’s JS got > 100x faster
† www.microsoft.com : “Modern JavaScript”, Luke Hoban
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
SunSpider Execution Time (ms)
IE9 18x faster than IE8†

10. † Courtesy of Brendan Eich (http://weblogs.mozillazine.org/roadmap/)
Early JavaScript* JIT Compilers, Firefox* TraceMonkey*
Intel was an early contributor to the Firefox JavaScript* JIT compiler
Firefox* 3.1 with Tracing vs. Firefox 3†
Launched early August 2008
10

11. JavaScript* Speed Demo
Fabrice Bellard’s
PC Emulator in
JavaScript
Boots Linux* inside the browser in just a couple of seconds!
11

12. Astounding JavaScript* Performance With asm.js
† Courtesy of Mozilla Alon Zakai & Luke Wagner (http://people.mozilla.org/~lwagner/gdc-pres/gdc-2014.html#/)
12
Very efficient code generated by Firefox* JIT compiler
Over 1M lines of C/C++ code compiled
to JavaScript* by Epic and Mozilla*
http://www.unrealengine.com/html5/
Epic* Games Unreal Engine* 3 & 4
Emscripten*
LLVM* Bitcode
web
JavaScript
asm.js
http://beta.unity3d.com/jonas/AngryBots/
http://beta.unity3d.com/jonas/DT2/
Unity* 5 WebGL
Achieving ~ 1.5x native running time
via targeting asm.js† — a highly
optimizable subset of JavaScript
amenable to AOT compilation,
introduced by Mozilla* in 2013

13. Agenda
• What’s really new with HTML5?
• A bit of history
• HTML5 vs. native: ongoing efforts and remaining gaps
• Toward the Perceptual Web
• Exciting new developments
13

14. Microprocessor Trends – “Free Lunch” is over!
But, Moore’s Law continues with a shift to parallelism
† (c) 2013, James Reinders and Jim Jeffers: Intel® Xeon Phi™ High-Performance Programming, used with permission.
Transistor Counts
Log Scale†
Clock Rates
Log Scale†
• Growth in processor clock rate halted around 2005
• Transistors per processor continues to grow exponentially
14

15. Parallelism in Software is now Required for Benefiting from Moore’s Law
Open web client platform needs to be on Moore’s Law curve
† Courtesy of Intel® Robert Geva: & Jim Jeffers: https://intel.activeevents.com/sf14/connect/sessionDetail.ww?SESSION_ID=1187 15
SS: Sequential Scalar PS: Parallel Scalar PV: Parallel Vector
Higher is betterHigher is better
Higher is better

16. Optimizing Web Runtimes for Parallelism
Web runtimes need to be parallel end-to-end
Parse + build
DOM
JavaScript*
Layout Engine
Render
GPU: parallel
CPU: mainly single-threaded†
35
%
33%
21
%
11%
Render
35%
Layout
33%
Other
21%
JS
11%
• HTML5 runtimes do not scale with number of cores
• Need parallelism for both responsiveness and energy efficiency
16
† Cycles breakdown from a popular mobile browser back in 2012

17. Parallel Parsing and Compilation
Background JIT compilers now in Chrome*, Firefox, Internet Explorer*, Safari*
PESPMA 2009
Four threads for
JavaScript* parsing
and compilation
JS and GFX execution
43.6
16.6
12.8
6.7
6.4
6.2
4.6 2.2 0.9
Cycle Breakdown
js::compile
gfx::compile
os::others
js::parse
js::others
browser::others
os::mem
js::jitted
gfx::exec
Epic* Citadel* profile on Firefox*
Bootstrap: Launch:
4 threads
1 thread
17

18. SIMD – Single Instruction, Multiple Data
SIMD operations deliver great performance & power efficiency
Scalar Operation
Cx
Cy
Cz
Cw
=
=
=
=
Ax
Ay
Az
Aw
Bx
By
Bz
Bw
+
+
+
+
Cx
Cy
Cz
Cw
Ax
Ay
Az
Aw
Bx
By
Bz
Bw
+ =
SIMD Operation of
Vector Length 4
Intel® Architecture currently has SIMD
operations of vector length 4, 8, 16
18

19. SIMD - A Gap Between JavaScript* and Native
SIMD in JavaScript further reduces the performance gap
Software and workloads used in performance tests may have been optimized for performance only on Intel microprocessors. Performance tests, such as SYSmark* and MobileMark*, are measured using specific computer systems, components, software, operations and functions.
Any change to any of those factors may cause the results to vary. You should consult other information and performance tests to assist you in fullyevaluating your contemplated purchases, including the performance of that product when combined with other products.
C++ code for finding list average SIMD code by the Intel® C++ Compiler
Initially proposed JavaScript* code
19

20. SIMD.js – The API†
Our SIMD prototype delivers 3x~4x Mandelbrot speedup
Our Firefox* Prototype
20
† SIMD.js API is under active development and is subject to change.

21. Demo: Combining SIMD and Higher-Level Parallelism
SIMD speedup is nicely multiplied by WebWorkers†
† Source: Intel® Peter Jensen : https://github.com/PeterJensen/mandelbrot
WW: Number of WebWorkers
Our Chromium* Prototype
21

22. SIMD Speedups on our Chromium* Prototype
3.2
3.6 3.8 3.9
4.6
5.0
6.0
9.5
3.2
3.8
3.4
6.1
6.5
5.0
5.6
11.8
6.8
3.1
2.7
4.5 4.2
3.8
5.4
9.3
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Transpose4x4 AOBench Mandelbrot MatrixMultiplication VertexTransform Average ShiftRows Matrix4x4Inverse
SIMD x-times faster than non-SIMD


3rd Generation Intel® Core™ i7 processor (3667U)@ 2.00 GHz, 32-bit, Ubuntu* 13
3rd Generation Intel® Core™ i7 processor (3667U)@ 2.00 GHz, 64-bit, Ubuntu* 13
Intel® Atom™ processor Z3770 @ 1.46GHz, Android* 4.4
Excellent early results while still focused on functionality
Theoretical speedup limit is 4
SIMD.js benchmarks: https://github.com/tc39/ecmascript_simd/tree/master/src/benchmarks
22

23. Stage 3 approval by Ecma TC39
† A copy of the stage 3 TC39 Presentation: https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1qUtpD3NZd7ZArlGZWMGcbqnKTCojW_vyD9jXZFzo2Z0
£ IEBlog: http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ie/archive/2014/09/18/updates-to-our-platform-roadmap.aspx
SIMD.js brings SIMD Programming to JavaScript*
Collaborators: Intel, Mozilla*, Google*, Microsoft*, ARM*
Spec: http://tc39.github.io/ecmascript_simd
Polyfill API: https://github.com/tc39/ecmascript_simd
float32x4, int32x4, ...
Constructors: float32x4(x,y,z,w) float32x4.splat(s) …
Operations: abs, neg, add, sub, mul, div, clamp, min, max, reciprocal, reciprocalSqrt, scale, sqrt,
shuffle, shuffleMix, equal, notEqual, lessThan, greaterThan , withX, withY …
Status: In Firefox* Nightly, in Microsoft Edge*£, prototyped in Chromium*, coming to Chrome*
23

24. Emscripten* now targets SIMD.js
Emscripten generates SIMD.js from C++ SIMD intrinsics & auto-vectorized code
Near-native SIMD.js speedup
C/C++
JavaScript*
1.00
2.03
7.18
8.13
0
2
4
6
8
10
Speedup over Scalar JS
Scalar JS Scalar C++
SIMD JS SIMD C++
24

25. JavaScript* performance improved tremendously
1
10
100
1000
2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011
SunSpider Runs Per Minute †
IE’s JS got > 100x faster
† www.microsoft.com : “Modern JavaScript”, Luke Hoban Images courtesy of Mozilla : http://arewefastyet.com/
JS performance wars continued
Better
JS perf plateauing …
Increasing recent interest in bringing large native apps to the web platform
25

26. 26
• asm.js hint to the VM
• “| 0” converts to int32, “unary +” to double
• VM verifies the code for the asm.js compliance
• still valid JS code with the same semantics
asm.js is a subset of JavaScript thus runs in
all browsers, but all browsers also added
asm.js-specific performance optimizations
asm.js: A Highly Efficient, Typed Subset of JavaScript*

27. 27
download, parse, compile
~20M JavaScript*
Unity* 5 in asm.js

28. 28
• Recently announced collaboration by Mozilla*, Google*, Microsoft*, and
Apple* (WebKit*) to define a “binary format” for the web platform & beyond
• Integrates well with the web platform, draft spec at very early stages
• All expressions and operations typed, allowing offline compilation
• Prototype 23x faster to decode than JavaScript* (asm.js), critical for mobile
• Includes types/operations not currently available in JavaScript (e.g., int64)
• Is not tied to any particular compiler, though prototype leverages LLVM
• Impacts well beyond PC & mobile
Enter WebAssembly!
Note: Some of the images are not owned by Intel and are the property of their owners.

29. Crosswalk Project in Brief
Application Runtime
Follow us at @xwalk_project
crosswalk-project.org
Open Source, using
Blink* & Chromium*
Today on Android*
and Tizen*
Easy addition of
extensible APIs
Easy access to
device APIs
Intel® platform
capabilities
Latest HTML5 features in
packaged web apps
Focuses on security, performance
and standards compliance
Based on web technologies:
HTML5, CSS3, JavaScript*
Updated & released to the latest
Chromium every 6 weeks
29

30. Intel® XDK
Speed
Time-to-Market
 Quick Start Templates
 Device Emulation
 On-device Debugging
 CPU & Memory Profiling
Build Great
User App Experiences
 Responsive performance
 Integrated social and web services
 Access sensors, camera, and more
One-Click
Multi-OS Build
 Android*
 iOS*
 Windows*
 And more Games Tools Business Medical
Cross-platform development environment for mobile apps and games
30

31. Intel® XDK – Cross-platform Development Kit
Develop, debug, profile, and build responsive web & hybrid apps
31
Free at http://xdk.intel.com

32. Agenda
• What’s really new with HTML5?
• A bit of history
• HTML5 vs. native: ongoing efforts and remaining gaps
• Toward the Perceptual Web
• Exciting new developments
32

33. Toward Perceptual Computing†
Devices sense & perceive user actions in a natural & intuitive way
† Source: Intel® Perceptual Computing SDK: www.intel.com/software/perceptual
Speech Recognition
Close-Range Tracking
Gesture Recognition
2D/ 3D Object Tracking
Facial Analysis
33

34. Reinventing Everyday Usages
Perceptual Computing opens up new dimensions in interacting with machine
Learning & Education 3D Scanning and Sharing
Scan it
Share it
Customize
& Print it
Immersive Collaboration
Gaming
Out-of-reach
Device Input
34

35. Proposed Media Capture Depth Stream Extension†
Web Application
Browser or HTML5 runtime
RGB
Stream
Depth
Stream
getUserMedia (WebRTC) API
Media Capture Depth Stream Extensions are in W3C WG†
† W3C Media Capture Depth Stream Extensions: http://w3c.github.io/mediacapture-depth/
Intel® RealSense™ 3D Camera (F200)
IR
Sensor
Color
Sensor
IR Laser
Projector
Imaging
Processor
35

36. Demos: Media Capture Depth Stream Extension†
† Source: Intel® Ningxin Hu:
https://github.com/huningxin/depth_stream_examples
WebRTC Google* Code: http://webrtc.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/samples/js/demos/html/
Magic Xylophone: Soundstep*.com: http://www.soundstep.com/blog/experiments/jsdetection/
Courtesy of Victor Eruhimov, itSeez3D*
http://itseez3d.com/
36

37. WebRTC Provides Peer-to-Peer Communications
WebRTC does not define signaling transport and protocol
Web Server
No defined signaling protocol
Exchange of stream descriptions
Codec negotiation
1
4
getUserMedia()
2
3
getUserMedia()
5
Real-time, peer-peer,
audio/video connection.
PeerConnection()
Lisa John
37

38. 38
http://webrtc.intel.com
Expand your solutions & services with real-time communication capability

39. 39
Intel® Collaboration Suite for WebRTC
Server SDKWebRTC Service
Software on Server
• Web-based service management
• Scalable MCU server
• VP8/H.264 transcoding
• SIP/XMPP gateway
• Enterprise integration APIs
• Room management
• Security policy management
• User management
Client SDK
• Connections/Sessions
• Media Streams, Events
• Web Widget to ease integration
• JavaScript* SDK, Android* SDK
Success stories:

40. Gaming
Wireless Display for the Web
Unlock exciting new user experiences in HTML5
Presentation
† Big Buck Bunny video: http://www.bigbuckbunny.org/
Media Sharing/Casting†
40

41. • Connects web content to screens around you
• Hides display connection technologies from
the developer
 Apple* AirPlay*, Microsoft* PlayTo*,
Google* Chromecast*, Miracast*, Intel® Widi
• Simple, high-level API, easy to use
http://www.w3.org/TR/presentation-api/
HTML5 Presentation API Proposal
New standards-based feature for the cross-platform web
41

42. Agenda
• What’s really new with HTML5?
• A bit of history
• HTML5 vs. native: ongoing efforts and remaining gaps
• Toward the Perceptual Web
• Exciting new developments
42

43. Intel® XDK
IoT Edition
Companion Apps
Streamlined Workflow
Design, Test, and Build Tools
• Quick start samples and templates
• Built-in editor and emulators
• UI Frameworks and Apache Cordova* APIs
• Test and debug tools
• Integration with Cloud Services APIs
Design and build cross-platform companion apps easily
for Android*, iOS*, and Windows*
43

44. 44
Intel® XDK
IoT Edition
JavaScript* apps on IoT
devices
Integrated Development Environment
Create, Debug, and Run Tools
• JavaScript allows easy on-board app
development & deployment for many IoT devices
• Use JavaScript to define behavior of IoT device
• Deploy, run, debug on IoT device with JavaScript
• Integration with cloud, web services, and sensors
through JavaScript APIs
Edit JavaScript app
Send app to device
Run app remotely
Remote debug
Development System
IoT Device
Development Platform

45. Internet of Things (IoT) Device (Intel® Galileo):
• Pwm Led Controller on i2c bus
• RGB Led
• Node.js w/ Socket.io server
HTML App (Lenovo* K900):
• Socket.io connection to IoT device
• Change lighting color
• Cordova* App
Both made using:
Demo: Programming Internet of Things using Intel® XDK IoT Edition
† Source: Intel® Dan Yocom: http://xdk-software.intel.com/iot_edition_demo_video
RGB Lighting†
Intel® XDK IoT Edition
45

46. Web: The Ubiquitous Software Platform
and the Application Model of the Future
Big Data
Rich Capabilities
& Content
Social
Contextual
Crowdsourced
Sensors
“Things”
Note: Some of the images are not owned by Intel and are the property of their owners. 46
More visual, perceptual, and engaging with full hardware access

47. Thank you!
47

48. Legal Disclaimer & Optimization Notice
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Copyright ©2014 Intel Corporation.
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Intel’s compilers may or may not optimize to the same degree for non-Intel microprocessors for optimizations that are not unique to Intel microprocessors. These optimizations include
SSE2, SSE3, and SSSE3 instruction sets and other optimizations. Intel does not guarantee the availability, functionality, or effectiveness of any optimization on microprocessors not
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Notice revision #20110804
48

49. Risk Factors
The above statements and any others in this document that refer to plans and expectations for the second quarter, the year and the future are forward-
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uncertain events or assumptions also identify forward-looking statements. Many factors could affect Intel’s actual results, and variances from Intel’s
current expectations regarding such factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in these forward-looking statements.
Intel presently considers the following to be important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the company’s expectations.
Demand for Intel's products is highly variable and, in recent years, Intel has experienced declining orders in the traditional PC market segment. Demand
could be different from Intel's expectations due to factors including changes in business and economic conditions; consumer confidence or income
levels; customer acceptance of Intel’s and competitors’ products; competitive and pricing pressures, including actions taken by competitors; supply
constraints and other disruptions affecting customers; changes in customer order patterns including order cancellations; and changes in the level of
inventory at customers. Intel operates in highly competitive industries and its operations have high costs that are either fixed or difficult to reduce in the
short term. Intel's gross margin percentage could vary significantly from expectations based on capacity utilization; variations in inventory valuation,
including variations related to the timing of qualifying products for sale; changes in revenue levels; segment product mix; the timing and execution of
the manufacturing ramp and associated costs; excess or obsolete inventory; changes in unit costs; defects or disruptions in the supply of materials or
resources; and product manufacturing quality/yields. Variations in gross margin may also be caused by the timing of Intel product introductions and
related expenses, including marketing expenses, and Intel's ability to respond quickly to technological developments and to introduce new products or
incorporate new features into existing products, which may result in restructuring and asset impairment charges. Intel's results could be affected by
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results could be affected by the timing of closing of acquisitions, divestitures and other significant transactions. Intel's results could be affected by
adverse effects associated with product defects and errata (deviations from published specifications), and by litigation or regulatory matters involving
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precluding particular business practices, impacting Intel’s ability to design its products, or requiring other remedies such as compulsory licensing of
intellectual property. A detailed discussion of these and other factors that could affect Intel’s results is included in Intel’s SEC filings, including the
company’s most recent reports on Form 10-Q, Form 10-K and earnings release.
Rev. 4/15/14
49