1) Nano-bubbles are smaller than microbubbles and have a longer lifetime, lasting several months compared to microbubbles which shrink and disappear within minutes. 2) Nano-bubbles are stabilized by a mechanism where ions accumulate on their surface, preventing the gas from dispersing and allowing the bubbles to persist for longer. 3) Ozone nano-bubbles are more effective at disinfecting and sterilizing than conventional ozone water methods, able to inactivate over 99% of viruses within 1 day.

1. Fantastic Properties
of Nano-bubbles
Kaneo Chiba
Masayoshi Takahashi

2. Shrinking
Disappear
Microbubble Nano‐bubble
Continue
Ordinary bubble
(Macrobubble)
Goes up
rapidly
Burst at the surface
３

3. Microbubble
Collapse
Physical stimulus
Nano-bubble production by collapsing microbubble
Radical generation
・OH
Decomposition
of organic chemicals
Waste water treatment
Physical stimulus
Nanobubble production
Collapse
Microbubble
with salt (electrolytes)
Nano-bubble
・OH
４

4. Nono-bubble generator
Microbubble
Nano-bubble
Physical stimulus
５

5. Analysis of nano-bubble by Dynamic light scattering (DLS)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
76 93 113 138 168 204 249 304 370
Particle size (nm)
６

6. Microbubble 10 ～30μm
Nano-bubble
< 200nm
The deference of size between MB and NB
７

7. Shrinking
Disappear
Several minutes Several months
Microbubble Nanobubble
Continue
The deference of life time between MB and NB
Why ? ８

8. Movement of microbubbles in electrophoresis cell
Light
Microscope
Electrode
Electrophoresis cell
Water + microbubble
Electrode
( + ↔ − ) (− ↔ +)
９

9. time
ζpotential（mV）
Change in ζ potential of microbubble over time
Diameter （μm）
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
-20
-30
-40
-50
-60
-70
-80
Accumulation of surrounding ions
Ions Microbubble
time Ions
１０
with salt (electrolytes)

10. Aqueous solution
Nano-bubble
＋
＋ ＋
＋
＋
＋
＋
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
＋
＋
＋
＋
＋
－
＋
－
＋
＋
＋
＋
＋
＋ ＋
Stabilization mechanism of nanobubble (assumption)
Negatively charged
Surrounded by accumulated ions
(counter ions)
Prevention of gas dispersion
Salting out
１１

11. Nano-bubble generator
１２

12. Normal ozone water vs. Ozone nano-bubble
Ozone water ; disinfection & sterilizing （Food industry, medical ）
1 hour
100 days
Bubbling
Micro-bubble Nano-bubble
0.1mg/L
1.5mg/L
1.5mg/L
More than
1.0mg/L
Ozone
Normal method
Nano-bubble
Collapse
13

13. Oyster
Norovirus
Norovirus symptoms:
vomiting, diarrhea,
a low-grade fever, chills,
headache, muscle aches
During
cultivation
How to treat the problem of norovirusHow to treat the problem of norovirus
14

14. Chlorine ( high concentration )
----- not good for foods
Chlorine
Norovirus
Conventional method
Oyster
Ozone water
Oyster
Ozone = strong oxidation ability
↓
Virus → inactivation
Norovirus 15

15. Oysters in ozone nanobuble water for 1 day
16

16. Before ozone nanobubble treatment
17

17. More than 99% of feline calicivirus in the body --- inactivated
After ozone nanobubble treatment
18

18. Practical method for inactivation of norovirus by ozone nano-bubble
19

19. Carps : recovering from Carp herpes ( serious disease )
Active effect for fishes
20

20. Oxidation ability of ozone nano-bubble as a form of mist
21

21. more than 80% of original oxidation ability
reduction of smell and bacteria from atmospheres
22

22. Oxygen nanobubble
Collapse of oxygen microbubble About 1% salt
Recovery of weakened fishes
Active effect for creatures
23

23. Nano-Bubble Aquarium 24

24. Orchid in oxygen NB water
for more than 1 month
Astonishing effects on plant
Still alive
25

25. Tap water Oxygen nano-bubble water
White radish
Broccoli Broccoli
White radish
Initial growth of plants
26

26. Active effect for oysters
-20℃ for 1 day in oxygen NB
Room temperature
After 1 hour
Still alive
27

27. control TNF
alpha
With oxygen
nanobubble
control TNF
alpha
Prevention of arteriosclerosis (hardening of blood vessel )
Oxygen nanobubble inhibits mRNA expression induced by
TNFα in RAOECs
ICAM1
VCAM1
GAPDH
Department of Cardiology,
Jichi Medical University
Application of nanobubble in medicine
Culture aorta endothelium of rat
Cytokine stimulation（TNF alpha）
Heart attack
Stroke
28

28. Vagus nerve of rat : after 1 week
Isotonic NaCl solution Oxygen nanobubble
Tokyo Medical and Dental University
Application of nanobubble in medicine
Preservation of living tissue / organ
29

29. 30
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