A brief introduction to LTE 4G Wireless System.

1. 4G Wireless System

2. History of Wireless System :
 The first generation of mobile telecommunication is known as 1G.
- 1G provided primarily communication for voice.
 The Second generation of mobile telecommunication is known as 2G.
- 2G wireless communication uses TDM, FDM, and CDMA.
 The Third generation, known as 3G, was introduced to make the ease of
teleconferencing and provide ease in accessing internet and many other services.

3. “
”
4G
 Introduction to ‘4G’ Wireless System
 The ten views of 4G
 Requirements
 Features of 4G

4. Introduction to ‘4G’ Wireless System :
 4G was introduced to provide a Wide Area Network for internet access and which cover the
area of around kilometers.
 It provides high bandwidth and broadband to stay connected to world anywhere and
anytime.
 4G is a IP-based heterogeneous network.
 It allows users to access data independently from an in-use device and will be secure and
reliable, allowing for use of the best connection in the immediate vicinity.
 It provides seamless roaming.

5. Higher Bit
Rates
Strict
Generation
Cost
Reduction
Wire-less
Wire line
New
Interface
Wire-less
Internet
Technology
Trend
User
Services
Service
ProvidersThe ten views of 4G
New
Network

6. Requirements :
Increased Peak data
rates
Downlink peak data rate of 100 Mb/s within a 20 MHz bandwidth.
Uplink peak data rate of 50 Mb/s within a 20MHz bandwidth.
Capacity Up to 200 active users in a cell (5 MHz).
Spectrum flexibility Scalable bandwidth up to 20 MHz, covering 1.25 MHz, 1.6MHz, 2.5 MHz, 5 MHz,
10 MHz, 15 MHz and 20 MHz.
Improved spectrum
efficiency
An increase in spectral efficiency of two to four times that of HSPA Release 6.
Reduced Latency Reduced latency to 10 msec round-trip time between user equipment and the
base station and to less than 100 msec transition time from inactive to active.
Less than 5 ms user-plane latency.
Mobility Optimized for 0 ~ 15 km/h.
15 ~ 120 km/h supported with high performance.
Supported up to 350km/h or even up to 500 km/h.
Coverage: Performance should be met for 5 km cells with slight degradation for 30 km
cells. Up to 100 km cells not precluded.

7. Features of 4G Wireless System :
 High speed internet, high capacity, and lower in cost.
 It provides support for multimedia, voice, wireless internet.
 It provides global mobility, portable service, scalability in mobile networks.
 Ad – hoc networks and multiple – hop networks.

8. “
”
A view on 4G
 Long Term Evolution (LTE)
 Difference between 3G AND 4G
 Advantages of 4G over other Systems
 Maximum speed provided by different Systems

9. Long Term Evolution (LTE) :
 LTE, or Long Term Evolution, is a standard used in 4G.
 LTE is a new radio access technology (called E-UTRAN) which uses Orthogonal
Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) on the downlink and Single Carrier
Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) on the uplink.
 LTE is part of the GSM evolutionary path beyond 3G, following EDGE,
UMTS/WCDMA, and HSPA (HSDPA and HSUPA combined).
 LTE assumes a full Internet Protocol (IP) network architecture and is designed to
support voice in the packet domain.

10. Difference between 3G and 4G :
 Frequency band provided by 3G is 1.8 – 2.5 GHz and that by 4G is 2 – 8GHz.
 Bandwidth provided by both the technologies is same.
 Mobile top speed provided by 3G is 200kmph and for 4G is 200kmph.
 Data rate provided by 3G is 2Mbps and 4G 210Mbps.

11. Advantages of 4G over others Systems :
 Domain of 4G extends beyond 1G, 2G, and 3G
- 2 Mbps in a wide-area mobile system (> 20 Mbps peak)
 Could coexist with 2G and 3G
 4G is not necessarily defined by the bit rate, but by a significant
advance in system capability beyond what can be achieved with 3G.

12. Maximum Speed Provided by Different Systems :
2G
3G
4G
200 Mbps
64 kbps
2 Mbps
Maximum Speed

13. “
”
Security in 4G

14. 4G Architecture Implementations on Security :
 Flat architecture: RAN protocols terminate in eNB.
 Interworking with legacy and non-3GPP networks.
 Allowing eNB placement in un-trusted locations.
 New business environments with less trusted networks involved.
 Trying to keep security breaches as local as possible.

15. Security Architecture Necessities :
 Extended Authentication and Key Agreement
 More complex key hierarchy
 More complex interworking security
 Additional security for eNB (compared to NB/BTS/RNC)

16. Possible Threats that are avoided :
 Spoofing
 Eavesdropping
 Phishing
 SIP registration hijacking

17. Security Architecture in 4G :

18. Air Interface Characteristics of 4G :
 Higher bit rates than 3G (20 Mbps < peak < 200 Mbps).
 Higher spectral efficiency and lower cost per bit than 3G.
 Smaller cells, on average, than 3G.
 Higher frequency band than 3G.

19. “
”
Appendix : Cellular Standards

21. “
”
CONCLUSION
Security development has no ending; new threats
and attacks shall rise as the standards and
technologies get realized.

22. REFERENCES :
 Technical white paper- Long Term Evolution (LTE): A Technical Overview:
www.motorola.com
 Workshop on Security and Privacy in 4G Networks: A Survey of Security Threats on 4G
Networks: IEEE 04437813
 2009 International Conference on Future Computer and communication: 4G as a Next
Generation Wireless Network: DOI 10.1109/ICFCC.2009.108, 2009
 IEEE LTE and the Evolution to 4G Wireless, Design and Measurement Challenges:
www.agilent.com/nd/lte

23. THANK YOU !!

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