Introduction to Biological generator design

Hydro Technical Solutions LtdHydro Technical solutions Ltd
BioGenerators for Organic
waste treatment
For more info contact:
Hydro Technical Solutions Ltd
Unit D24
Heritage Business Park
Heritage Way
Gosport
PO12 4BG
www.hytecsol.com
Tel 44 (0) 2392 520435

Hydro Technical Solutions LtdHydro Technical Solutions Ltd
Waste Treatment Concerns
• SHE (Safety, Health, Environment) Compliance
• Odours/Overflows
• Complaints
• Costs
– Out of Compliance Fines/Reputation
– Pump out/Disposal charges
– Clearing Line Blockages
– Trap/tank/line Maintenance and repairs
– Treatment costs/Utility Bills

Organic Waste Treatment Options
• Equipment : grease traps, septic tanks, DAF etc
• Commodity Chemicals
• Coagulants, Flocculants, Surfactants/Enzymes
• Bacteria: Dry/Liquid
• BioGenerators
What’s the difference?

What’s the difference?
• Chemicals
– Caustics/ strong acids/surfactants react with grease to form soluble compounds and generate
heat to soften it and move it downstream
– Potential Risks to personnel, environment and downstream blockages
• Enzymes
– Organic (protein) molecules that catalyse chemical breakdown of long chains to smaller ones.
Each enzyme unique shape to work on one substrate eg Amylase for Starch breakdown to
glucose.
– Enzymes are NOT alive and so can not reproduce. Risk that long chains will reform downstream
and cause blockages. No effect on Phosphates, Nitrates etc.
• Bacteria
– Living cells that reproduce by generating enzymes to break down the long chain waste molecules
to shorter forms and then consume the shorter molecules and reduce them to water and CO2.
Also consume any Phosphates, Nitrates, Ammonia in waste
– No risk of downstream blockages, environmentally friendly
• BioGenerators
– Pre-grow tailored Bacteria in ideal conditions: nutrient, aeration, so huge colonies of fully active
Bacteria are dosed automatically
– Most effective and economical way to dose Bacteria

Biological Products are NOT “all the same”
• Bacteria/other constituents
– Physical form: Solids, Liquids
– Type and Number of Strains
– Concentration/Activity/Shelf life
– Nutrient content
– Enzymes, surfactants and other chemicals in Blend
• Cost /Price
– Product Price vs Cost in use vs Performance
• Application Equipment
– Pumps/timers
– BioGenerators: Grow tailored Bacteria in ideal conditions: nutrient, aeration, so huge
colonies of fully active Bacteria are dosed automatically and ready to work
immediately!

BioGenerator Basics
Tailored
Bacteria
Tailored
Nutrient
aeration process
Incubator
Highly active Tailored
Bacteria

BioGenerator-Bacteria
• Most commonly Bacillus strains because they can be stored as stable,
tough, long shelf life liquids, with Bacteria in Endospore form:
• Subtillis, Thuringiensis, Licheniformis, Megaterium, Stearothermophilus,
Polymyxa, Pumulis
• Many other Bacteria can be used depending on nature of waste to be
degraded including Pseudomonas Putida, Fluorescens, Stutzeri,
ThioBacillus, LactoBacillus, Cellulomonas uda and more!
• Bacteria produce:
• Natural Surfactant (Surfactin)
• Wide range of enzymes
• Lipase: FOG
• Amylase: Starches
• Protease: Proteins
• Cellulase: Paper/Vegetables
• Ammonease/Reductase : Human/Animal wastes

BioGenerator-Nutrient
• For optimised performance, nutrient must
sustain growth, activity and quality of the
bacteria
• Nutrient should include
• Carbon source: Carbohydrates eg sugar
• Nitrogen Source: Organic eg Amino acids/Protein
• Phosphate/Potash/Micronutrients
• pH regulation

BioGenerator-Aeration
• Bacillus strains are facultative Aerobes, so can
cope with low/no oxygen, but grow FAR more
effectively when correctly aerated.
• Pseudomonas strains are obligate Aerobes and
must be aerated or will die
• O2 level should always be >2mg/litre
• O2 consumption 3-20 ml/litre/min
• O2 replenishment comes from surface in still
solutions and from entrained bubbles in
turbulent/circulated solutions

BioGenerators-An innovative approach
• Work WITH any existing treatment equipment
• Effective
– Tailored Bacteria (Active, Robust, long shelf life)
– Variable nutrient regime
– Aeration
• Low Capital cost vs other WWT options
• Low operational cost
– Less Bio feed for given Bio activity
– Low/No mains power, small/no pumps: can be driven by mains water
pressure and battery powered controller
– Robust, unique design ensures Minimal maintenance
• Flexiblility
– Waste type, flow rate, surges
– Alignment to CIP/cleaning regime

Hydro Technical Solutions Ltd
High
High
Low
Effectiveness vs Cost in use
Low
Effectiveness/Performance
Cost in Use
Acids/Alkalis
Enzymes
Liquid Bacteria
BioGenerator
Solid Bacteria
Surfactants
Pump outs/Cleaning

BioGenerators
ALWAYS work...
provided conditions allow...
• pH
• Temperature
• Residence time
• Food supply
• Biocide additions/CIP programme
but BioGenerator flexibility ensures quick recovery of
activity even if there are temporary excursions

BioGenerators
• pH Range (for typical bacteria blend)
 Ideal 6 to 9
 Will tolerate 5.5 to 10.5
but BioGenerator flexibility ensures quick recovery
of activity even if there are temporary excursions

BioGenerators
• Temperature Range (for typical bacteria blend)
 Ideal 15 to 35 °C
 Will tolerate 5 to 50 °C
but BioGenerator flexibility ensures quick recovery
of activity even if there are temporary excursions

BioGenerators
• Residence Time
 Exponential Growth in contact with waste
so “the longer the better”
 1 hour +
BioGenerator major advantage over liquid bacteria
products is that Incubation ensures huge quantities of
highly active Bacteria are dosed every time
Dormant products can be washed out before they are
effective

BioGenerators
• Food Supply
 Ideally Bacteria will always have food
supply
 Will tolerate up to 24 hours without food
but BioGenerator provides its own nutrient supply,
so Bacteria are constantly fed.

BioGenerator
Biocides/CIP programme
• By design, Biocides will kill “all” Bacteria including the
“good” ones!
• CIP programmes can be either very Caustic (high pH) or
very Acidic (low pH) and will kill some or all
BioGenerator Bacteria
but BioGenerator will immediately re-colonise with
huge population of the good Bacteria

BioGenerators
Standard System
- Consists of equipment, Bacteria and nutrient.
- Only service needed is water pressure in range
1.6 to 6 Bar.
Scalable
Very large systems can be treated with multiple
standard units, or with bespoke larger designs
(which may require mains power)

BioGenerators
Typical Applications:
• Grease Traps
• Drain lines
• Septic Tanks
• Lift/pump stations
• Waste Treatment plants
Survey, design, troubleshooting support
to ensure optimum application

BioGenerators
• Safe
• Environmentally friendly
• Innovative
• Effective
• Economical
• Scalable

Introduction to Biological generator design

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